ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism by which Wumeiwan suppresses the development and progression of colorectal cancer（CRC） through the regulation of fatty acid metabolic reprogramming， thereby providing new experimental evidence for the prevention and treatment of CRC. MethodsA total of 120 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the blank group， model group， Wumeiwan high-， medium-， and low-dose groups（54， 27， 13.5 g·kg^-1）， and the mesalazine group（0.01 g·kg^-1）， with 20 mice in each group. Except for the blank group， all mice were subjected to azoxymethane（AOM）/dextran sulfate sodium（DSS） treatment to establish an inflammation-associated CRC model. One week after AOM injection， mice in the treatment groups received intragastric administration of the designated drugs， while the blank and model groups received an equal volume of purified water， continuing until 20 d after the intervention endpoint. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to observe colonic histopathological alterations， and immunohistochemistry for vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） was performed to evaluate neovascularization and tumor invasion. Metabolomics combined with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） and metabolite set enrichment analysis（MSEA） was applied to identify key CRC-related metabolic pathways， which were further validated by transcriptomic Gene Ontology（GO） enrichment and gene heatmap analysis. Subsequently， Western blot was performed to determine the expression levels of core proteins in these pathways， and immunofluorescence was used to analyze their localization and co-expression patterns in tissues， thereby elucidating the mechanism of Wumeiwan from multiple biological dimensions. ResultsCompared with the blank group， mice in the model group exhibited a significant decrease in body weight and a significant increase in the disease activity index（DAI） score（P<0.05）， with pronounced colonic mucosal damage accompanied by aggravated tumor invasion. Compared with the model group， Wumeiwan intervention markedly improved body weight loss and reduced DAI score， attenuated mucosal injury， and significantly decreased VEGF expression level（P<0.05）. Multi-omics analysis revealed that differential metabolites and genes across groups were commonly enriched in fatty acid metabolism， fatty acid biosynthesis， and other lipid-related pathways. Relative to the blank group， the model group showed significant upregulation levels of fatty acid synthesis-related genes， including sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1（SREBP1）， fatty acid synthase（FASN）， stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1（SCD1）， as well as saturated fatty acids（P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， treatment with Wumeiwan significantly reduced the expression of key genes involved in fatty acid metabolic pathways， including SREBP1， FASN， and SCD1（P<0.05）. Western blot results further confirmed that proteins in this pathway were significantly elevated in the model group， whereas they were markedly downregulated following Wumeiwan treatment（P<0.05）. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated enhanced co-localization of SREBP1 with the cancer-associated fibroblast（CAF） marker α-smooth muscle actin（SMA） in the model group， whereas this co-localization signal was attenuated after Wumeiwan intervention（P<0.05）. ConclusionWumeiwan can improve survival outcomes and alleviate colonic pathological damage in CRC mice， its therapeutic mechanism may be closely associated with the regulation of fatty acid metabolic reprogramming mediated by the SREBP1/FASN/SCD1 signaling pathway.

ObjectiveHistorically documented Zhejiang Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma（Baizhu） possesses premium characteristics such as phoenix-like head and crane-like neck， pronounced sweetness， and fragrant aroma. However， its current market circulation is low， and the processed products with Zhejiang-style characteristics are at the risk of being lost. This study aims to preserve the ancient Zhejiang-style processing techniques and evaluate them using modern scientific methods. MethodsMultidimensional intelligent sensory evaluation was used to digitally characterize the "quality-structure" of the external appearance of nine-steamed and nine-processed Baizhu medicinal materials（intermediate processed products） and the "odor-taste" of the internal quality of its decoction pieces（slices）， and the appearance parameters were digitally characterized by colorimeter， texture analyzer， electronic nose and electronic tongue， the chemical composition was analyzed via ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）. Then， cluster analysis on the differences in odor between the medicinal materials（intermediate processed products） and decoction pieces（slices） of nine-steamed and nine-processed Baizhu was conducted， as well as the differences in taste between water-soluble and alcohol-soluble extracts of the decoction pieces（slices）， and the correlation analysis of chroma value-alcohol-soluble extract content-component response value. ResultsThe nine-steamed and nine-processed Baizhu had a dark brown to black epidermis， a brownish-yellow to brownish-gray cross-section， a slightly tough texture， a faint odor， and a slightly sweet， bitter and pungent taste. Texture analyzer measurements revealed minimal adhesion and maximum recovery in the middle section of the characteristic processed Baizhu， consistent with the processing endpoint of thorough steaming and cooking. The head section showed the highest internal hardness， elasticity and chewiness， indicating a denser texture in this area. The electronic nose sensor could clearly distinguish the difference between the medicinal materials and its decoction pieces， with a more significant clustering effect at 60 ℃ for 30 minutes compared to ambient temperature headspace for 2 hours， highlighting the significant impact of the baking degree before slicing on the quality. The electronic tongue taste signal map clearly distinguished the differences between water-soluble and alcohol-soluble extracts of nine-steamed and nine-processed Baizhu decoction pieces， and the addition of auxiliary materials during processing could enhance its alcohol-soluble extract content. A total of 82 chemical components were identified in the characteristic processed Baizhu. After processing， the contents of 58 components increased， while 24 components decreased. Correlation analysis revealed significant negative correlations（P<0.01） between ethanol-soluble extract content and colorimetric values of brightness（L^*）， yellow-bule value（b^*）， and total color difference（E^*_ab）. E^*_ab showed marked negative correlations（P<0.05） with the response values of isochlorogenic acid A and C. ConclusionThis study establishes a modern intelligent sensory evaluation model for multidimensional holographic characterization of nine-steamed and nine-processed Baizhu， clarifying the correlation between increased isochlorogenic acid content and the visual color appearance after different steaming cycles， as well as its intrinsic alcohol-soluble extracts. This provides a reference for quality evaluation and processing standards of the Zhejiang-style characteristic processed products.

Objective: To systematically compare the types and contents of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in purplish-brown and yellow-brown Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, and to provide a scientific basis for their rapid identification and quality evaluation.
Methods: Headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) was employed to determine the VOCs in two colored samples. GC-IMS spectra and fingerprint profiles were established, and chemometric methods including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied to visualize the differences in volatile components.
Results: A total of 44 VOCs were identified, including 1 aldehyde, 9 esters, 10 ketones, 2 enals, 14 alcohols, 3 acids, 2 furans, 1 disulfide, and 2 hydrocarbons. Alcohols and esters were the main volatile components. The fingerprint profiles showed high consistency within groups but significant differences between groups. Both PCA and PLS-DA effectively distinguished the two sample types. Compounds such as pentanol, methyl butyrate, 2-ethylfuran, 2-hexanol, and 2-methylpropenal were identified as key markers for differentiation.
Conclusion: HS-GC-IMS combined with chemometrics accurately distinguishes the volatile compounds of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen with different colors. This method is rapid, sensitive, and suitable for quality control and rapid authentication of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of progressive balance training on motor cortical excitability, proprioception and balance in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). MethodsFrom September to December, 2024, 46 patients with CAI in Hebei Sport University were enrolled and randomly allocated into control group (n = 24) and intervention group (n = 22). Both groups received health education, while the intervention group completed a progressive balance training program additionally, for six weeks. Before and after intervention, the following indicators were measured: active motor threshold, latency, amplitude and cortical silent period of motor-evoked potentials of the soleus muscle; ankle joint inversion position sense; the anteroposterior and mediolateral velocities of the center of pressure (COP) on the affected side during single-leg standing with eyes open and closed; and reach distances in the Y-Balance Test. ResultsAfter intervention, significant group, time and interaction effects were observed in the cortical silent period and mediolateral COP velocity under eyes-closed condition (F > 7.877, P < 0.05). Significant time and interaction effects were found in motor-evoked potential amplitude, anteroposterior COP velocity with eyes open and eyes closed, as well as anterior and posteromedial reach distances of the Y-Balance Test (F > 4.333, P ≤ 0.05). Significant main time effects existed in motor-evoked potential latency and ankle inversion position sense (F > 4.711, P<0.05). Simple effect analysis revealed that after intervention, the observation group presented improvements in active motor threshold, motor-evoked potential amplitude, cortical silent period, ankle inversion position sense, anteroposterior COP velocity under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions, mediolateral COP velocity with eyes closed, and anterior and posteromedial Y-Balance Test reach distances (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the observation group achieved superior outcomes relative to the control group in motor-evoked potential amplitude, cortical silent period, ankle inversion position sense, eyes-closed mediolateral COP velocity, and anterior Y-Balance Test reach distance (P < 0.05). ConclusionProgressive balance training may enhance corticospinal excitability, and improve ankle proprioception and static and dynamic balance performance in patients with CAI.

Objective To gain insights into the biological characteristics of different populations of Culex tritaeniorhynchus within and around the Yellow Sea wetland from the perspective of the occurrence of resistance, we investigated the levels of resistance to deltamethrin and kdr gene mutation in the wetland and its peripheral areas. Methods Specimens were collected from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus populations at two monitoring sites in the Rare Bird National Nature Reserve and Tiaozi Ni Wetland Scenic Area, and also from two populations in Yancheng City and the Liuhe District of Nanjing, and the resistance of these mosquitoes to deltamethrin was determined using the CDC biotest bottle method. For each concentration of deltamethrin assessed, a random subset of exposed specimens was selected for amplification of the kdr gene fragment, followed by Sanger sequencing to identify and analyze resistance-associated mutations. Results The LC50 levels of deltamethrin among mosquitoes from the four populations in Luhe, Yancheng, the Rare Bird National Nature Reserve and the Tiaozi Ni Wetland Scenic Area were 2.048 5, 7.798 2, 3.473 3, and 17.695 5 mg/mL, respectively, with corresponding concentrations of deltamethrin ranging from 0.005 to 5.000,0.050 to 50.000,0.050 to 25.000 and 0.050 to 50.000 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the ranges of the KT50 values were 11.76-107.43, 67.05-216.30,29.77-107.43 and 28.40-329.51 min; the 1-h knockdown rates were 34.58%-99.15%, 9.52%-43.80%, 55.09%-73.01%, and 10.09%-68.07%; and the 24-h mortality rates were 12.15%-67.52%,9.52%-79.56%,13.17%-82.21%, and 11.01%-78.99%, respectively. With respect to kdr gene mutation, we assayed a total of 63,70,59, and 57 mosquitoes for the four populations, for which we detected L1014F mutation frequencies of 14.29%, 35.00%, 20.34%, and 31.58%, respectively, with a majority of these mutations being heterozygous for resistance. In addition, five adult mosquitoes were identified has having synonymous mutations at site 1011[i. e. , AAT(asparagine)mutation to AAC(asparagine)]. Conclusions Our findings revealed the clear resistance of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus to deltamethrin in the Yancheng region of the Yellow Sea wetland, and the resistance phenotype and kdr frequency of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in the wetland environment were comparable to those of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in the wetland environment, thereby indicating that the resistance of different populations of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was homogeneous under the pressure of different insecticide selection within and around the wetland. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be further studied.

Objective To develop a predictive model of acute hematologic toxicity (HT) based on preradiotherapy CT radiomic features combined with clinical and dosimetric characteristics for patients with cervical cancer undergoing definitive radiotherapy. Methods Data from 82 patients with cervical cancer who received definitive radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into training and test sets at an 8:2 ratio, with grade ≥2 HT as the study endpoint. Clinical characteristics and dosimetric parameters of pelvic regions were collected, and 1 046 radiomic features were extracted from the overall pelvic structure using PyRadiomics. Radiomic features were processed using Z-score normalization, Spearman correlation analysis (>0.9), and LASSO regression for feature selection. A radiomics model was constructed using K-nearest neighbor machine learning with fivefold cross-validation. For 56 clinical and dosimetric features, independent predictors were identified through univariate and multivariate analyses to establish a clinical-dose model. A hybrid model was further constructed by combining the two sets of features. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), decision curve analysis, and calibration curves. Results Forty patients (48.8%) developed grade ≥2 HT. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that V20 of the lumbosacral spine was significantly associated with grade ≥2 HT (P<0.05). The AUC values for the radiomics, clinical-dose, and hybrid models were 0.802, 0.750, and 0.861 in the training set, respectively, and 0.703, 0.633, and 0.781 in the test set, respectively. Conclusion Preradiotherapy CT radiomic features combined with dosimetric characteristics can predict the occurrence of acute hematologic toxicity in patients with cervical cancer, potentially facilitating early clinical intervention.

Objective To verify the efficacy of a domestic human DNA quantification kit based on real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in detecting the total human DNA concentration,male DNA concen-tration in mixed male/female DNA samples,the degree of DNA degradation and inhibitor tolerance.Methods Samples with different concentrations,different male/female ratios,different concentrations of inhibitors,and different degradation degrees were tested using the domestic human DNA quantification kit based on real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.This kit was compared with a similar product on the market and was applied to the detection of DNA from real cases.Results This human DNA quan-tification kit can effectively detect human DNA as low as 0.001 65 ng/μL,and 6.25 pg/μL of male DNA in mixed samples with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶15 000.Even when the sample contains as high as 400 ng/μL of humic acid or 1 000 μmol/L of hemin alone,the DNA concentration can still be accurately detected.The degradation index can effectively characterize the degradation degree of the sample.This kit has been successfully applied in forensic practice.Conclusion This human DNA quan-tification kit is accurate and reliable in detection.It can accurately reflect the degradation of DNA and inhibitor tolerance.It has good performance in quantitative accuracy,determination of the male/female ratio in mixed samples,and inhibitor tolerance.It has application potential in forensic case examination.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture aimed at awakening the mind and opening the orifices, when combined with a qi-tonifying and blood-circulating decoction, in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia due to qi deficiency and blood stasis. Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted involving 86 patients with post-stroke dysphagia due to qi deficiency and blood stasis who were admitted to the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion at Yan'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to March 2023. The patients were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group, with 43 cases in each group, using a random number table method. The control group received conventional treatment, while the treatment group received acupuncture aimed at awakening the mind and opening the orifices combined with a qi-tonifying and blood-circulating decoction. Both groups were treated for 1 month. Clinical efficacy, swallowing function, serological indicators, floating index, and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment, the Standardized Swallowing Assessment score in the treatment group was (18.23 ± 2.04) points, which was significantly lower than that in the control group [(22.52 ± 4.38) points, t = 5.82, P < 0.05]. The Water-Swallowing test score in the treatment group was (2.77 ± 0.55) points, which was significantly higher than that in the control group [(2.00 ± 0.42) points, t = 7.30, P < 0.05]. The level of superoxide dismutase in the treatment group was (147.54 ± 21.03) kU/L, which was significantly higher than that in the control group [(128.31 ± 18.54) kU/L, t = 4.50, P < 0.05]. The Pulsatility Index in the treatment group was (0.72 ± 0.25), which was significantly lower than that in the control group [(0.83 ± 0.24), t = 0.74, P < 0.05]. The cerebral vascular reserve in the treatment group was (42.28 ± 5.69)%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group [(35.45 ± 4.31)%, t = 2.03, P < 0.05]. The Swallowing Quality-of-Life Questionnaire score in the treatment group was (76.33 ± 11.54) points, which was significantly higher than that in the control group [(68.02 ± 12.16) points, t = 3.25, P < 0.05]. The response rate in the treatment group was 97.67% (42/43), which was significantly higher than that in the control group [86.05% (37/43), χ2 = 3.89, P < 0.05]. Conclusions:The use of acupuncture for awakening the mind and opening the orifices, combined with a qi-tonifying and blood-circulating decoction, can significantly enhance clinical efficacy and improve the quality of life for patients with post-stroke dysphagia due to qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome compared with conventional treatment.

Objective:To analyze the application value of the Health Action Process Approach(HAPA)model in re-habilitation exercise intervention of patients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmia.Methods:We enrolled clinical data of 117 patients diagnosed as supraventricular tachyarrhythmia in Xinzhou District People's Hospital of Wuhan between February 2019 and January 2023.They were divided into routine group(n=57)and HAPA model group(n=60)according to different intervention method.Participants in routine group received routine rehabilitation exer-cise,while those in HAPA model group received HAPA model rehabilitation exercise.Both groups were intervened for 6 months.Cardiac function,medication compliance[Morisky medication adherence scale(MMAS-8)],daily living capacity(Barthel index),quality of life[the short-form 36 health survey(SF-36)],total effective rate of intervention,incidence of adverse events within 6-month follow-up were compared between two groups.Results:Compared with patients in routine group,those in HAPA model group had significant higher left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)[(56.75±1.13)％vs.(52.65±1.57)％],Barthel index[(65.60±9.76)points vs.(56.37±9.98)points],MMAS-8 score[(6.73±1.83)points vs.(4.91±1.33)points],SF-36 total score[(67.50±15.25)points vs.(55.28±9.05)points]and total effective rate(88.33％ vs.71.93％)(P＜0.01 all),and signifi-cant lower left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV)[(54.97±2.60)ml vs.(64.61±2.50)ml],left ventric-ular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV)[(117.50±4.23)ml vs.(133.38±4.47)ml]and incidence of adverse events within 6-month follow-up(5.00％ vs.22.81％)(P＜0.01 all).Conclusion:Rehabilitation exercise based on HAPA model could significantly improve cardiac function,medication compliance,daily living capacity and quality of life with good safety in patients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmia.

Objective To investigate how interference from motor and cognitive tasks affects the postural stability of older adults during stair descent.Methods A total of 52 elderly subjects were recruited.Using the Vicon infrared motion capture system and Kistler force plate,the kinematic and dynamic data were collected simultaneously during stair descent under three conditions:single task(ST),motor task(MT),and cognitive task(CT).The body stability during stair descent was assessed quantitatively using the margin of stability(MoS)algorithm.Repeated measures ANOVA was applied to compare differences across conditions.Results Compared to the ST condition,both step speed(P<0.001)and step frequency(P<0.001)were significantly reduced under MT and CT conditions.Step length(P=0.037)was also significantly reduced under the CT condition compared to those under the ST condition.In the aspect of anterior-posterior dynamic stability,compared to the ST condition,centroid velocity(P<0.001)and extrapolated centroid position(P<0.001)were significantly increased,while MoS(P<0.001)was significantly decreased under both MT and CT conditions.In comparison to the CT condition,centroid displacement(P=0.011)and velocity(P=0.014),as well as extrapolated centroid position(P<0.001),were significantly greater those under the MT condition.In the aspect of medial-lateral dynamic stability,compared to the ST condition,centroid displacement(P<0.001)was significantly reduced under MT and CT conditions.Additionally,the extrapolated centroid position(P=0.001)was significantly reduced,and MoS(P=0.038)was significantly increased under the MT condition compared to those under the ST condition.Conclusions Older adults adjust their gait in response to dual-task interference during stairs descent by'slowing down step speed,reducing step frequency,and shortening step length'.This adjustment helps maintain medial-lateral dynamic stability,but significantly decreases anterior-posterior dynamic stability,thereby increasing the risk of falls.