Objective To evaluate the quality of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid after mutual substitution of honeysuckle and wild honeysuckle using total quantum statistical moment(TQSM)and molecular connectivity index(MCI).Methods UPLC fingerprint of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian oral liquid(wild honeysuckle)were established,the TQSM parameters and similarity of the fingerprint were calculated;by reviewing relevant literature,as well as the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),chemical composition databases for Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was established,all components were divided into different component groups,and MCI and its similarity were calculated.Results The number of chromatographic peaks and total zero order moment(AUCT)of 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)were higher than those of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle),but there was no significant difference in total first order moment(MRTT)and total second order moment(VRTT);the total quantum statistical moment similarity(TQSMS)between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.824 6,the TQSMS between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.659 0,and the TQSMS between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.619 8.The MCI similarity of various components between Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.984 9,with an overall MCI similarity of 0.995 8.Conclusion There is no significant difference in the various components and overall"imprinting template"between Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle).It is speculated that the substitution of honeysuckle and wild honeysuckle will not affect the pharmacological properties of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid,but there may be differences in the intensity of pharmacological effects,with Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)being the most effective.

Objective To establish the fingerprints of Buyang Huanwu Decoction;To find the quality markers of Buyang Huanwu Decoction by integrating the total statistical moment method,factor analysis and chemical pattern recognition;To provide a reference for its quality control and evaluation methods.Methods Under the conditions of an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm),the fingerprint chromatogram was developed.The fingerprints of 15 batches of Buyang Huanwu Decoction were established under the conditions of acetonitrile-0.4%phosphoric acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase;the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min;column temperature was 40℃;detection wavelength was 235 nm.Information entropy,information quantity,total statistical moment and similarity parameters were calculated.The quality stability of different batches of Buyang Huanwu Decoction was evaluated from a macroscopic perspective;the samples were comprehensively ranked by combining factor analysis,and further screened for the components of quality difference by using hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA),principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).Results Fingerprint patterns for 15 Buyang Huanwu Decoction batches were established.The information quantity,total zero-order moment and number of peaks varied greatly among the samples of each batch(RSD values of 32.788%,24.976%and 22.882%),whereas the information entropy,total first-order moment and second-order moment did not vary much(RSD values of 20.697%,18.544%and 9.413%),which indicated that the chemical constituents of each batch content was significantly different,and the composition ratio of components did not differ much.The overall statistical moments exhibited a similarity exceeding 0.727,in which the similarity of the two batches of samples,S2 and S7,was lower;the results of the composite scores from the factor analysis method showed that the top 5 samples of each batch of the quality ranking were S2>S7>S1>S15>S10;HCA and PCA could classify the 15 batches of samples into 2 categories;PLS-DA showed that paeoniflorin,ferulic acid and hydroxy saffron yellow pigment A were the three constituents that contributed more to the batch variation of Buyang Huanwu Decoction.Conclusion The multidimensional quality evaluation method integrated in this study is accurate,efficient and comprehensive,which can provide an objective basis for the overall quality control of Buyang Huanwu Decoction.

Objective To evaluate the quality of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid after mutual substitution of honeysuckle and wild honeysuckle using total quantum statistical moment(TQSM)and molecular connectivity index(MCI).Methods UPLC fingerprint of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian oral liquid(wild honeysuckle)were established,the TQSM parameters and similarity of the fingerprint were calculated;by reviewing relevant literature,as well as the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),chemical composition databases for Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was established,all components were divided into different component groups,and MCI and its similarity were calculated.Results The number of chromatographic peaks and total zero order moment(AUCT)of 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)were higher than those of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle),but there was no significant difference in total first order moment(MRTT)and total second order moment(VRTT);the total quantum statistical moment similarity(TQSMS)between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.824 6,the TQSMS between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.659 0,and the TQSMS between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.619 8.The MCI similarity of various components between Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.984 9,with an overall MCI similarity of 0.995 8.Conclusion There is no significant difference in the various components and overall"imprinting template"between Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle).It is speculated that the substitution of honeysuckle and wild honeysuckle will not affect the pharmacological properties of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid,but there may be differences in the intensity of pharmacological effects,with Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)being the most effective.

Objective To establish the fingerprints of Buyang Huanwu Decoction;To find the quality markers of Buyang Huanwu Decoction by integrating the total statistical moment method,factor analysis and chemical pattern recognition;To provide a reference for its quality control and evaluation methods.Methods Under the conditions of an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm),the fingerprint chromatogram was developed.The fingerprints of 15 batches of Buyang Huanwu Decoction were established under the conditions of acetonitrile-0.4%phosphoric acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase;the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min;column temperature was 40℃;detection wavelength was 235 nm.Information entropy,information quantity,total statistical moment and similarity parameters were calculated.The quality stability of different batches of Buyang Huanwu Decoction was evaluated from a macroscopic perspective;the samples were comprehensively ranked by combining factor analysis,and further screened for the components of quality difference by using hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA),principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).Results Fingerprint patterns for 15 Buyang Huanwu Decoction batches were established.The information quantity,total zero-order moment and number of peaks varied greatly among the samples of each batch(RSD values of 32.788%,24.976%and 22.882%),whereas the information entropy,total first-order moment and second-order moment did not vary much(RSD values of 20.697%,18.544%and 9.413%),which indicated that the chemical constituents of each batch content was significantly different,and the composition ratio of components did not differ much.The overall statistical moments exhibited a similarity exceeding 0.727,in which the similarity of the two batches of samples,S2 and S7,was lower;the results of the composite scores from the factor analysis method showed that the top 5 samples of each batch of the quality ranking were S2>S7>S1>S15>S10;HCA and PCA could classify the 15 batches of samples into 2 categories;PLS-DA showed that paeoniflorin,ferulic acid and hydroxy saffron yellow pigment A were the three constituents that contributed more to the batch variation of Buyang Huanwu Decoction.Conclusion The multidimensional quality evaluation method integrated in this study is accurate,efficient and comprehensive,which can provide an objective basis for the overall quality control of Buyang Huanwu Decoction.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of Astragalus injection combined with meropenem in the treatment of severe infection patients and its influence on T lymphocyte subsets and inflammatory factors in peripheral blood. Methods: From January 2016 to December 2018, 80 patients with severe infections in Yiwu Fuyuan Private Hospital were selected and divided into observation group (n=40) and control group (n=40) according to single blind random table method.The observation group was treated with Astragalus injection combined with meropenem, while the control group was treated with meropenem.Both two groups were treated for 10 days.The therapeutic effects, changes of body temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate, changes of T lymphocyte subsets and inflammatory factors in peripheral blood, and negative time of bacterial culture before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group (92.50%) was higher than that of the control group (70.00%) (χ²=6.646, P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CD₃⁺ [(62.38±4.51)%], CD₄⁺ [(40.63±2.15)%] and CD₄⁺ /CD₈⁺ (1.63±0.18) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(57.27±3.19)%, (35.47±1.93)% and (1.30±0.21)] (t=5.850, 11.296, 7.546, all P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CRP [(28.79±8.74)mg/L], PCT [(0.56±0.12)g/L] and TNF-α [(157.93±20.47)pg/mL] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(43.71±12.67)mg/L, (1.10±0.23)g/L and (247.16±34.64)pg/mL] (t=13.640, 13.165, 14.026, all P<0.05). The negative turning time of bacterial culture in the observation group [(4.36±1.29)d] was shorter than that in the control group [(7.43±1.57)d] (t=9.493, P<0.05). Conclusion Astragalus membranaceus injection combined with meropenem has significant clinical effect in the treatment of patients with severe infections.It can improve cellular immune function and reduce inflammatory reaction, which is worthy of clinical reference.

Objective To study the mechanism of differentiation of high glucose induced M2 macrophages used by high glucose medium stimulation. Methods Raw264.7 (murine macrophage cell line)was cultured and stimulated by 4. 25% glucose medium, and mannitol medium was used as osmotic pressure control. Cells were harvested at 0h,4h,8h and 12h to examine the expression of CD206 and Arg-1 and the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. After blocking the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by LY294002(the specific inhibitor of PI3K),the expression of Arg-1 was examined by western blot. Results The expression of Arg-1 was increased from 8h while CD206 reached the peak at 12h induced by high glucose which indicated the activation of M2 in a time-dependent manner. Akt was phosphorylated at 8h stimulated by high glucose medium. The specific inhibitor of PI3K reduced the expression of Arg-1 by blocking the phosphorylation of Akt. Conclusion High glucose, rather than high osmotic pressure,induced macrophages polarized into M2 via activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect of tripterygium glycosides on the resistance to immune rejection after allogeneic islet transplantation in mice.Methods Twenty C57BL/6 mice were treated with STZ diabetes mellitus and transplanted the islets from Balb/c mice donor,then recipient mice were randomly divided into two groups:triptolide group and model control group(n=10),and were intraperitoneal injected with tripterygium glycoside solutin and equivalent solvent of 5 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 14 days.Blood glucose and body weight were measured within 4 weeks after transplantation.Two weeks later,two groups of grafted islets were stained by HE staining and immunohistochemical staining,the expression of IL-2 protein were detected by Western blotting.Results The level of blood glucose were decreased to normal in the triptolide group and model control group after islet transplantation,but blood glucose gradually increased in the model control group after two weeks.Compared with the model control group,the inflammatory cells were less infiltrated and the immunohistochemical staining of insulin was deeper in the triptolide group.The expression of IL-2 in the triptolide group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Tripterygium glucoside could significantly decrease the inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammation factor expression in the allogeneic islet recipients to reduce the immune rejection and improve graft survival.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of nano-lead exposure on learning and memory and iron homeostasis in the brain of the offspring rats on postnatal day 21 (PND21) and postnatal day 42 (PND42).

METHODSTwenty adult pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and nano-lead group. Rats in the nano-lead group were orally administrated 10 mg/kg nano-lead, while rats in the control group were administrated an equal volume of normal saline until PND21. On PND21, the offspring rats were weaned and given the same treatment as the pregnant rats until 42 days after birth. The learning and memory ability of offspring rats on PND21 and PND42 was evaluated by Morris water maze test. The hippocampus and cortex s amples of offspring rats on PND21 and PND42 were collected to determine iron and lead levels in the hippocampus and cortex by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The distributions of iron in the hippocampus and cortex were observed by Perl's iron staining. The expression levels of ferritin, ferroportin 1 (FPN1), hephaestin (HP), and ceruloplasmin (CP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTSAfter nano-lead exposure, the iron content in the cortex of offspring rats on PND21 and PND42 in the nano-lead group was significantly higher than those in the control group (32.63 ± 6.03 µg/g vs 27.04 ± 5.82 µg/g, P<0.05; 46.20 ±10.60 µg/g vs 36.61 ± 10.2µg/g, P<0.05). The iron content in the hippocampus of offspring rats on PND42 in the nano-lead group was significantly higher than that in the control group (56.9 ± 4.37µg/g vs 37.71 ± 6.92µg/g, P<0.05). The Perl's staining showed massive iron deposition in the cortex and hippocampus in the nano-lead group. FPNl level in the cotfex of offspring rats on PND21 in the nano-lead group was significantly lower than that in the control group (3.64 ± 0.23 ng/g vs 4.99 ± 0.95 ng/g, P<0.05). FPN1 level in the hippocampus of offspring rats on PND42 in the nano-lead group was significantly lower than that in the control group (2.28 ± 0.51 ng/g vs 3.69 ± 0.69 ng/g, P<0.05). The escape latencies of offspring rats on PND21 and PND42 in the nano-lead group were longer than those in the control group (15.54 ± 2.89 s vs 9.01 ± 4.66 s; 6.16 ± 1.42 s vs 4.26 ± 1.51 s). The numbers of platform crossings of offspring rats on PND21 and PND42 in the nano- lead group were significantly lower than those in the control group (7.77 ± 2.16 times vs 11.2 ± 1.61 times, P<0.05; 8.12 ± 1.51 times vs 13.0 ± 2.21 times, P<0.05).

ONCLUSIONn Nano-lead exposure can result in iron homeostasis disorders in the hippocampus and cortex of offspring rats and affect their learning and memory ability.

Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Female ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Iron ; metabolism ; Lead ; toxicity ; Learning ; drug effects ; Maternal Exposure ; adverse effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To study microsurgery for craniopharyngioma and factors of influencing prognosis . Methods 62 cases with craniopharyngioma through microsurgery were enrolled as research subjects .According to the tumor characteristics,they were used through pterional,subfrontal approach,endplate and a lateral frontal approach . Results The tumor resection was 40 cases,12 cases of subtotal resection ,10 cases of subtotal .38 cases of pituitary stalk were reserved,cutting 9 cases,not-identified 15 cases.Postoperative blood electrolyte imbalance was 33 cases, 15 cases of mild to moderate diabetes insipidus ,seizures 1 case,1 case of persistent fever coma .Postoperative follow-up 6 months to 72 months,57 cases was followed up,5 cases were lost.56 cases could have normal life ,study and work.Vision was restored in 53 cases,2 cases unchanged ,down 1 case.A total of 9 cases were recured during follow-up,no recurrence total resection ,subtotal resection recurrence in 2 cases,subtotal resection recurrence seven cases (to-tal resection and subtotal resection χ2 =4.28,P<0.05;subtotal gastrectomy and subtotal resection ,χ2 =6.27,P<0.05).Follow-up of 37 cases of purely suprasellar tumor recurrence in 4 cases,the saddle 20 cases,5 cases of recur-rence,there was a significant difference between the two groups (t=5.08,P<0.05).57 patients preoperatively ele-vated CRP 32 cases,6 cases of recurrence,CRP normal 25 cases,3 cases of recurrence,there was a significant differ-ence between the two groups(t=4.96,P<0.05).Conclusion Selecting the appropriate surgical approach and pro-tecting the hypothalamus and pituitary stalk during the surgery were critical .Resection,tumor location,and tumor in-flammation were prognostic factors .

Porous surfaces have an important effect on bioactivity of titanium implants. In this study, two micro/nanostructural titanium surfaces were prepared by chemical and electrochemical method. The two samples had different diameters of nanotubes. Tests of biomineralization and codeposition in simulated body fluid and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were carried out in order to evaluate the bioactivity of micro/nanostructural titanium surfaces. The information of the surfaces was detected using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer. The results showed that the bioactivity of micro/nanostructural titanium increased with the diameter of nanotubes. Furthermore, the existence of BSA can accelerate biomineralization and decrease the crystallinity of hydroxyapatite coating.
Biocompatible Materials ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; Materials Testing ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microtechnology ; Nanostructures ; chemistry ; Porosity ; Prostheses and Implants ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; chemistry