Objective To investigate the relationship between serum interleukin-1β(IL-1β),C-reactive pro-tein to albumin ratio(CAR)and heparin-binding protein(HBP)levels and secondary pulmonary Candida albi-cans infection during chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer.Methods A total of 175 patients with lung cancer admitted to this hospital from January 2018 to April 2022 were selected,and all patients were treated with chemotherapy.According to whether they had secondary pulmonary Candida albicans infection,they were divided into infection group(37 cases)and non-infection group(138 cases).The clinical data,serum levels of IL-1β,HBP and CAR were compared between the two groups.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of secondary pulmonary Candida albicans infection in patients with lung cancer during chemotherapy.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the pre-dictive value of serum IL-1β,CAR and HBP for secondary pulmonary Candida albicans infection during chemo-therapy,and the prognosis of lung cancer patients with different serum IL-1β,HBP levels and CAR were com-pared.Results There were significant differences in smoking,pathological stage,diabetes mellitus,chemo-therapy cycle,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and anatomical location between the infection group and the non-infection group(P＜0.05).The serum levels of IL-1β,HBP and CAR in the infection group were higher than those in the non-infection group(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking,diabetes,anatomical site,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,pathological stage,chemotherapy cycle and serum IL-1β,HBP,CAR were the influencing factors of secondary pulmonary Candida albicans infec-tion in patients with lung cancer during chemotherapy(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of serumIL-1β,CAR and HBP in predicting pulmonary Candida albicans infection was 0.779,0.732 and 0.796,respec-tively.The AUC of the combination of the three was 0.931,and the sensitivity and specificity were 86.49％and 90.58％,respectively.The survival rate of lung cancer patients with high levels of IL-1β,CAR and HBP was sig-nificantly lower than that of patients with low levels of Il-1β,CAR and HBP(P＜0.05).Conclusion The in-crease of serum IL-1β,CAR and HBP levels in patients with lung cancer is related to secondary pulmonary Candida albicans infection during chemotherapy.Detection of these serum Il-1β,CAR and HBP levels is helpful to predict the risk of pulmonary Candida albicans infection and death.

Objective To explore the relationship between haptoglobin gene polymorphism and disease se-verity and susceptibility in senile vascular dementia patients.Methods A total of 80 patients with senile vas-cular dementia admitted to the hospital from February 2018 to February 2023 were selected as the vascular de-mentia group,and 80 stroke patients with non-vascular dementia admitted to the hospital during the same pe-riod were selected as the control group.The genotype distribution and allele frequency of haptoglobin gene were measured using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers,and their relationship with the severity and susceptibility of vascular dementia patients was analyzed.Results The proportion of history of hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus and the levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride in vascular dementia group were higher than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The distribution of genotypes was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P＞0.05).The frequency of haptoglobin 2-2 genotype and haptoglobin 2 allele in vascular dementia group were higher than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the scores of mini-mental state examination and hachinski ischaemic score among patients with vascular dementia with different haptoglobin genotypes(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the carrier of hapto-globin 2-2 genotype and the carrier of haptoglobin 2 allele were independent risk factors for vascular dementia(P＜0.05).Conclusion Haptoglobin 2-2 genotype and haptoglobin 2 allele distribution frequency are associ-ated with the occurrence of vascular dementia after stroke,and those with high frequency of haptoglobin 2-2 genotype and haptoglobin 2 allele distribution suffer a severe disease,which can provide reference for early i-dentification and assessment of vascular dementia.

Objective:To evaluate left lateral position I-scope tracheal intubation for optimizing anesthesia time during the patient′s general anesthesia before endoscopic submucosal dissection.Methods:A total of 150 patients with early upper gastrointestinal cancer were enrolled in the study for endoscopic submucosal dissection in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from March to December 2018. Patients were randomly divided into three groups with 50 patients in each group. The SL group underwent I-scope tracheal intubation in the left lateral position, SS group underwent I-scope tracheal intubation in the supine position, and MS group underwent Macintosh laryngoscope tracheal intubation in the supine position. Preoperative non-essential anesthesia time (the time between successful intubation and operation), attempts for tracheal intubation and complications related to intubation were analyzed.Results:The preoperative non-essential anesthesia time was 8.55±2.16 min in SL group, 10.44±2.43 min in SS group, and 10.56±3.20 min in MS group, with significant difference among three groups ( F=9.08, P<0.001), and the time in SL group was shorter than that in SS group ( P<0.001) and MS group ( P<0.001). However, there was no statistical difference in non-essential anesthesia time between the SS group and MS group ( P=0.819). The success rate of first attempt intubation was 96.0% (48/50) in SL group, 90.0% (45/50) in SS group, and 92.0% (46/50) in MS group, with no significant differences among three groups ( χ2=2.601, P=0.627). The incidences of cough and expectoration, dry mouth and mucosal injury showed no statistical differences among three groups during transference to the ward after tracheal catheter removal (all P>0.05). The incidence of sore throat in MS group (38.0%, 19/50) was higher than that in SL group (18.0%, 9/50, P<0.05) and SS group (18.0%, 9/50, P<0.05), while the difference was not statistically significant between SL group and SS group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:I-scope tracheal intubation in the left lateral position may shorten the preoperative anesthesia time in patients undergoing general anesthesia for the operation in the left lateral position, and optimize overall anesthesia time.

Objective To summarize the medical security experience in first-aid and resuscitation for astronauts at the exit of capsule after the spacecraft returns to the main landing site in the process of human spaceflight in China,and thus to provide a powerful security measures for Chinese aerospace medicine.Methods The medical support experiences were summarized in human spaceflight from "Shenzhou V" to "Shenzhou X",relevant reports on emergency rescue and resuscitation were consulted in in-orbit process and after emergency return and landing for domestic and foreign astronauts,astronauts' physiological changes in cardiopulmonary resuscitation were analyzed during emergency return,and then,corresponding strategies were proposed and tested in practice (actual combat) by combining with the flight characteristics of the spacecraft "Shenzhou XI".Results On the basis of the original emergency treatment,the countermeasures for the cardiopulmonary resuscitation were proposed after the spacecraft returned to the main landing site in human spaceflight,the emergency equipment was adjusted,the emergency procedures were optimized,and anti-fog glidescopes were added,laryngeal masks were introduced to perform supraglottic ventilation as the quickest and most effective airway opening measure on site.In addition,ultrasound examination was applied in practice as an important treatment and assessment method for basic life support and advanced life support.All these could ensure the rescuing ability on cardiopulmonary resuscitation during their stay in space for the medium-term and after their return to the main landing site.Conclusions During the return of the astronauts of the spacecraft "Shenzhou XI" to the main landing site,the first aid and support program had been improved specifically and the process had been optimized to ensure the successful completion of medical security mission of China's human spaceflight.

Objective To ensure the medical security of the astronauts,new targeted strategies were adopted after summarizing the experience in Chinese astronauts rescue and medical aid at the main landing site,the specialty and characteristics of landing were analysied.Methods Search the publications about astronaut medical aid domestic and abroad,summarize the rescue and medical aid experiences from Shenzhou 5 to Shenzhou 10.In consideration of prolonged on-orbit time,the cold weather conditions at the landing zone of Shenzhou 11,new targeted strategies were presented.Results On the basis of the original helicopter emergency platform and first aid equipment,the emergency aid procedures were optimized,personal warm clothing,a heat preservation box,insulation blanket,self-heating pads and intraosseous rapid infusion system were used to ensure the medical security of astronauts in cold weather at the main landing site.Conclusions With the procedures optimized and the targeted strategies performed,the astronauts' s rescue and medical aid project was fully meet the cold and complex conditions at main landing site.

Objective To understand the empiric antimicrobial use in patients with pyelonephritis in a hospital,and pro-vide reference for clinical rational antimicrobial use.Methods Data of 620 patients with pyelonephritis admitted to the nephrology department of a hospital between January 2011 and September 2014 were collected,application of antimicrobial agents,coincidence between empiric antimicrobial use and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results in patients with different diseases and different ages were analyzed.Results Before antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were reported,620 pa-tients use 625 times of antimicrobial agents,5 of whom used two kinds of antimicrobial agents at the same time,8 varieties in 15 types of antimicrobial agents were involved,the most frequently used antimicrobial agents were third generation ceph-alosporins,cephamycins,and fluoroquinolones.The overall,partial,and non-coincidence rate between antimicrobial use and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were 64.32%(n=402),8.32%(n=52),and 27.36%(n=171)respective-ly.The overall coincidence rate in patients with acute pyelonephritis was higher than those with chronic pyelonephritis (77.61% [n=357]vs 58.79%[n=97],P <0.05).The overall coincidence rate in patients <50 years old and ≥50 years old were 68.12%(156/229)and 75.25%(298/396)respectively,there was no significant different between two groups (χ2 =2.93,P =0.09).Conclusion The non-coincidence rate between empiric antimicrobial use and antimicrobial suscepti-bility testing results is high,measures needs to be taken to improve the empiric antimicrobials use.

Objective:To analyze the therapeutical effect of Allicin for colitis mice induced by DSS and its possible mechanisms. Methods:A total of 24 male mice were randomly divided into Control group,DSS group(2. 5% DSS,7 days) and Allicin group [DSS treatment and Allicin,10 mg/(kg·d),7 d]. Disease activity index,inflammatory score,TUNEL and Western bolt were performed to analyze the effect of Allicin on colitis induced by DSS. Results: With DSS group, the Allicin group had lower disease activity score and inflammatory score(P<0. 05). Allicin group had a lower number of intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis than that of DSS group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0. 05). Western bolt analysis shown that Allicin treatment significantly depressed the expression of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 in intestinal mucosa when compared with these of DSS group ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion:Conclusion Allicin has significantly therapeutic effect on mice colitis induced by DSS, the possible mechanisms including anti-inflammatory effects,protected of the intestinal epithelial cells and inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways.

Objective To investigate the role of protein phosphorylation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) strains in response to stress triggered by mouse macrophages.Methods The strong cation exchange-immobilized metal affinity chromatography (SCX-IMAC) was performed to enrich phosphopeptides.The nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (nano LC-MS/MS) was carried out to identify and analyze phosphoproteome.Results Fourteen phosphopeptides from twelve proteins were identified within thirty-one phosphorylation sites on serine,threonine and tyrosine residues.Fifty percent of these phosphorylated proteins were membrane proteins,indicating that their phosphorylation modification was more critical for bacteria in response to the stress.In terms of biological process of Gene Ontology,these identified proteins were involved in stress response,iron transport,anaerobic respiration,response to hydrogen peroxide and signal transduction by phosphorylation,etc.Conclusion These phosphorylated proteins in P.aeruginosa strains are necessary for signal transduction and their response to harsh environment within the macrophages,such as iron limitation,hypoxia and oxidative stress.This study provides evidence for further investigation on virulence and pathogenesis of P.aeruginosa.

Objective To clone and express the Tp0453 antigen immuno-dominant epitope fragment of Treponema pallidum (Tp) in Escherichia coli,in an effort to develop serological tests with increased specificity for the diagnosis of syphilis.Methods The gene encoding Tp0453 recombinant outer membrane protein fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and inserted into expression vector pQE30 after T-A cloning,then confirmed by restriction map.The constructed recombinant plasmid pQE30-Tp0453 was transformed to E.coli M15 for expression induced by isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside.The expressed product was identified by Western blot,and purified by Ni2+-NTA agarose column chromatography.A double antigen sandwich enzymelinked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) was established by using the recombinant Tp0453 protein to test sera from 48 patients with positive Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TPPA),and 40 negative sera as control.Results The PCR amplicon of the target gene was about 490 bp.The recombinant plasmid pQE30-Tp0453 was correctly constructed and successfully expressed in E.coli M15.The expressed product,with a relative molecular of about 21 000,existed in a form of inclusion body,accounting for about 18％ of total somatic protein,and reached a purity of more than 95％ after purification.Western blot showed specific reaction of the expressed protein with Tp positive serum.The ELISA tests with the 88 clinical samples yielded a sensitivity of 97.9％ (47/48),and specificity of 100.0 ％ (40/40).The consistency of results between the ELISA test and the TPPA test was 98.9 ％ (87/88).Conclusion The expressed Tp0453 fragment has showed good immunoreactivity with serum from patients with syphilis,providing the foundation of further development of serological diagnostic kit with increased specificity for the diagnosis of TP infection.

Objective To discuss the experience of medical treatment and rescue of the ‘SHENZHOU' astronauts in the landing place in the past 10 years,and to establish more effective mobile ICU in medical helicopters to ensure ‘SHENJIU' astronauts safety.Methods The data collected from foreign nations and our country was reviewed.Formerly experience in first-aid and rescue astronauts of our team was summerized.The important reasons of accidental injuries of astronaut during aerospace flight were listed.More effective and reasonable prophylactic measurements and clinical treatments of the accidental injuries of astronauts were brought forward.Results we established three effective mobile ICU that could ensure the safety of the astronauts.The carriers of the ICU were helicopters,and damage control surgery can be performed there.Fine armature made us more effective.Conclusions Reasonable and effective prophylactic measurements and clinical treatments were the important aspect of the successful manned aerospace flight.The first-aid system in helicopters could realize the destination of swift response and first-aid.