Objective To investigate the correlation between gut microbiota characteristics and immunotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced microsatellite stable (MSS) advanced gastrointestinal tumors. Methods Thirty patients with advanced MSS gastrointestinal tumors, including fourteen cases of gastric cancer and sixteen cases of colorectal cancer, who were admitted from November 1, 2022, to July 31, 2025 were enrolled. All patients underwent gut microbiota testing and received corresponding interventions on the basis of the results, followed by treatment with antiangiogenic agents combined with immunotherapy. Some patients additionally received probiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation. The primary endpoints were disease control rate (DCR) and objective response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to assess potential prognostic factors. Results Among the thirty patients, no complete response was observed. Two cases of partial response (PR), twelve cases of stable disease, and sixteen cases of progressive disease were recorded. The ORR was 6.7%, and the DCR was 46.7%. The median PFS was 6.4 months, and the median OS was 8.3 months. Both PR patients were classified as having a medium risk of gut microbiota dysbiosis and exhibited a Bacteroides-dominated enterotype. Multivariate analysis indicated that tumor type, liver metastasis, and bone metastasis were potential prognostic factors for PFS and OS. Conclusion Patients with a medium risk of gut dysbiosis may exhibit a relatively favorable response to immunotherapy, suggesting that gut microbiota status could serve as a potential biomarker for predicting treatment efficacy in advanced MSS gastrointestinal tumors.

BACKGROUND:The plantarflexor weakness is a common muscle defect in patients with spastic cerebral palsy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth,which clinically manifests abnormal gaits,and the relationship between plantarflexor weakness and abnormal gaits is unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the biomechanical behavior of the lower limb under the action of a single factor of plantarflexor weakness to reveal the mechanism of abnormal gait induced by plantarflexor weakness and to provide guidance for the rehabilitation training of patients with plantarflexor weakness. METHODS:A predictive framework of musculoskeletal multibody dynamics in the sagittal plane was established based on OpenSim Moco to predict lower limb joint angles and muscle activation changes during walking in normal subjects.The validity of the framework was verified by combining the inverse kinematics and electromyogram activation time of the experimental data.Reduced isometric muscle forces were used to model plantarflexor weakness and to compare predicted lower extremity joint angles,joint moments,and muscle energy expenditure with normal subjects to analyze the effects of plantarflexor weakness on lower extremity biomechanics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The Moco-based prediction framework realistically predicted the biomechanical changes of the lower limbs during walking in normal subjects(joint angles:normalized correlation coefficient≥0.73,root mean square error≤7.10°).(2)The musculoskeletal model used a small stride support phase to increase the"heel-walking"gait during plantarflexor weakness.When the plantarflexor weakness reached 80%,the muscle energy expenditure was 5.691 4 J/kg/m,and the maximum activation levels of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were 0.72 and 0.53,which might cause the plantarflexor weakness patients to be more prone to fatigue when walking.(3)Muscle energy expenditure was significantly higher when the weakness of plantarflexors exceeded 40%,and the joint angles and moments of the lower limbs deteriorated significantly when the weakness of plantarflexors exceeded 60%,suggesting that there may be a"threshold"for the effect of plantarflexor weakness on gait,which may correspond to the point at which health care professionals should intervene in the clinical setting.

Objective To investigate the status of population dynamics and distribution changes of Aedes aegypti in Guangdong Province.Methods Continuous monitoring was conducted from May 2018 to July 2024 in Wushi Town and Qishui Town,Leizhou City,Zhanjiang City,Guangdong Province.Additionally,a survey of the distribution of Ae.aegypti along the Leizhou Peninsula coast was carried out.Results The density of Ae.aegypti in Zhanjiang showed a gradual decline from 2018 to 2024.The last detection of adult Ae.aegypti in Wushi Town was in September 2021,and the last larva was found in October 2023.No Ae.aegypti was detected in Qishui Town during surveys from 2021 to 2024.A survey of 18 coastal villages in the Leizhou Peninsula revealed no detections of Ae.aegypti.Conclusions This study provides a basis for understanding the distribution and population density fluctuations of Ae.aegypti,assessing its invasion risk,and scientifically conducting relevant prevention and control efforts.

Polygonati Rhizoma demonstrates significant potential for addressing both chronic and hidden hunger. The supply of high-quality seedlings is a primary factor influencing the development of the Polygonati Rhizoma industry. Warm water soaking is often used in agriculture to promote the rapid germination of seeds, while its application and molecular mechanism in Polygonati Rhizoma have not been reported. To rapidly obtain high-quality seedlings, this study treated Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium seeds with sand storage at low temperatures, warm water soaking, and cultivation temperature gradients. The results showed that the culture at 25 ℃ or sand storage at 4 ℃ for 2 months rapidly broke the seed dormancy of P. kingianum var. grandifolium, while the culture at 20 ℃ or sand storage at 4 ℃ for 1 month failed to break the seed dormancy. Soaking seeds in 60 ℃ warm water further increased the germination rate, germination potential, and germination index. Specifically, the seeds soaked at 60 ℃ and cultured at 25 ℃ without sand storage treatment(Aa25) achieved a germination rate of 78. 67%±1. 53% on day 42 and 83. 40%±4. 63% on day 77. The seeds pretreated with sand storage at 4 ℃ for 2 months, soaked in 60 ℃ water, and then cultured at 25 ℃ achieved a germination rate comparable to that of Aa25 on day 77. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that warm water soaking might promote germination by triggering reactive oxygen species( ROS), inducing the expression of heat shock factors( HSFs) and heat shock proteins( HSPs), which accelerated DNA replication, transcript maturation, translation, and processing, thereby facilitating the accumulation and turnover of genetic materials. According to the results of indoor controlled experiments and field practices, maintaining a germination and seedling cultivation environment at approximately 25 ℃ was crucial for the one-year seedling cultivation of P. kingianum var. grandifolium.
Germination ; Seedlings/genetics* ; Water/metabolism* ; Seeds/metabolism* ; Polygonatum/genetics* ; Temperature ; Plant Proteins/genetics* ; Plant Dormancy

To evaluate the therapeutic effect of a modified Devine procedure with a subcutaneous sliding fixation method for the treatment of congenital concealed penis, we retrospectively selected 45 patients with congenital concealed penises who were admitted to General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University (Yinchuan, China) between September 2020 and November 2023. In all cases, the penis was observed to be short, and retracting the skin at the base revealed a normal penile body, which immediately returned to its original position upon release. All patients underwent the modified Devine procedure with subcutaneous sliding fixation and completed a 12-week postoperative follow-up. A statistically significant increase in penile length was observed postoperatively, with the median length increasing from 4.0 (interquartile range [IQR]: 3.5-4.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.9-4.4) cm to 8.0 (IQR: 7.8-8.0; 95% CI: 7.7-7.9) cm, with P < 0.001. The parents were satisfied with the outcomes, including increased penile length, improved hygiene, and enhanced esthetics. Except for mild foreskin edema in all cases, no complications (such as infections, skin necrosis, or penile retraction) were observed. The edema was resolved within 4 weeks after the operation. This study demonstrates that the modified Devine procedure utilizing the subcutaneous sliding fixation method yields excellent outcomes with minimal postoperative complications, reduced penile retraction, and high satisfaction rates among patients and their families.
Humans ; Male ; Penis/abnormalities* ; Retrospective Studies ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male/methods* ; Treatment Outcome ; Child ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods*

3D printing technology, with a layer-by-layer construction method, enables the fabrication of intricately shaped and customizable bolus. In contrast to traditional preparation methods, 3D printing technology addresses challenges such as poor bolus fit and cumbersome production processes, offering a novel approach to efficient and personalized bolus fabrication. This article discusses the research progress of 3D printing technology in radiotherapy bolus from aspects such as the preparation process, clinical application, and research advancements, combined with the actual printing experience of Department of Radiation Oncology in Chongqing University Cancer Hospital.
Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Humans ; Radiotherapy/methods*

Objective:To construct an evaluation index system for risk cognition and protection capability of interns at department of radiology for ionizing radiation,and explore its value in assessing risk cognition and protection capability of interns at department of radiology for ionizing radiation.Methods:Guided by the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(KAP)theory,the relevant literatures that were published between January 1,2014,and December 31,2024 were searched from Chinese and English databases included China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang,VIP Chinese Scientific Journals Database(VIP)and PubMed by using keywords such as"intern,""ionizing radiation and protection,""teaching,""indicator,""Delphi method,"and"KAP theory".Preliminary evaluation indicators were drafted based on interviews with 10 staff at department of radiology of Peking University People's Hospital.The Delphi method involving 21 experts from different provinces and cities of China was conducted over two rounds to finalize the index system.An online questionnaire survey by using Questionnaire Star was adopted to distribute questionnaires with evaluation index system for risk knowledge and protection capability of interns at department of radiology for ionizing radiation,and a total of 50 interns at department of radiology from Heilongjiang,Beijing,and Guangdong were investigated by the questionnaire.Results:Both the response and validity rates of the expert inquiry letters of two rounds for evaluation index system for risk knowledge and protection capability of interns at department of radiology for ionizing radiation were 100%.Experts'authority coefficients of two rounds were respectively 0.910 and 0.928,and the coordination coefficients of experts'opinions were respectively 0.318 and 0.342.The finalized evaluation index system comprised of 3 first-level indicators(theoretical knowledge,safety culture of ionizing radiation,and operational behavior),and 10 second-level indicators,and 46 third-level indicators.The scores of interns at department of radiology for the survey questionnaire of risk knowledge and protection capability about ionizing radiation was(177.57±29.68 points),indicating they were moderate level for risk knowledge and protection capability about ionizing radiation.Conclusion:The evaluation index system for risk knowledge and protection capability of interns at department of radiology for ionizing radiation has higher scientific nature and reliability,which can provide references for assessing the relevant theoretical and operational capability of interns,and conducting training with target.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of new-generation snapshot freeze(NG SSF)technology for improving image quality of coronary CT angiography(CCTA)in patients with different heart rate(HR).Methods CCTA data of 164 patients obtained with a 256-row CT scanner and voltages of 80,100 and 120 kV,respectively,in one cardiac cycle were retrospectively analyzed.Smart electrocardiogram(ECG)gating technology was used to calculate patient's HR and choose automatic exposure phase.For these with HR≤65 beats/min(low HR group),the exposure time window was set between 70%—80%R-R interval,for 65 beats/min＜HR≤85 beats/min(medium HR group)was set between 40%—80%R-R interval,while for those HR＞85 beats/min(high HR group)was set between 40%—60%R-R interval.Standard reconstruction(STD),the first-generation snapshot freeze(SSF1)and NG SSF were performed to reconstruct CCTA images,respectively.Subjective scoring of each segment of right coronary artery(RCA),left anterior descending(LAD)and left circumflex artery(LCX)shown on CCTA were performed based on Likert scale.Results In low HR group,the scores of middle and distal segments of LAD and all segments of RCA and LCX on NG SSF CCTA were significantly higher than on STD,and of middle segment of RCA and distal segment of LAD were both higher than on SSF1(all P＜0.05).In medium HR group,the scores of all branches on NG SSF CCTA were significantly higher than on STD or SSF1 CCTA(all P＜0.05).In high HR group,the scores of coronary branches showed on NG SSF CCTA were all significantly higher than on STD CCTA,while of the proximal and distal segments of RCA,middle and distal segments of LAD and all segments of LCX were significantly higher than on SSF1 CCTA(all P＜0.05).Conclusion NG SSF could effectively enhance image quality of prospective ECG-gated CCTA in patients with varying HR.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Asteris Radix et Rhizoma and their anti-inflammatory activities.METHODS The extract from Asteris Radix et Rhizoma was isolated and purified by column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.Their anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by RAW264.7 model.RESULTS Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as(Z)-9,10,11-trihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid(1),tianshic acid(2),6,6-dimethyl-2-methlenebicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-O-(6-O-apiofuranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),ent-16β,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid(4),ent-17-hydroxy-19-kauranoic acid(5),7β,17-dihydroxy-16α-ent-kauran-19-oic acid 19-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ester(6),paniculoside Ⅳ(7),thomimarine A(8),cyclo-(S-Pro-R-Leu)(9),4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid 1-methyl ether(10),methyl 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate(11),5-acetyl-3β-hydroxy-2β-(1-hydroxyisopropyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofurane(12),4-ally-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl glucoside(13).Compounds 1 and 3-12 had inhibition on the release of NO in RAW264.7 cells,and 4-6,8,10-12 were better than the positive control.CONCLUSION Compounds 1,6,8-9 are isolated from Compositae family for the first time,and 2-5,7,10 and 11-13 are first isolated from this plant.Compounds 1,3-12 have anti-inflammatory activities.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Asteris Radix et Rhizoma and their anti-inflammatory activities.METHODS The extract from Asteris Radix et Rhizoma was isolated and purified by column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.Their anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by RAW264.7 model.RESULTS Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as(Z)-9,10,11-trihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid(1),tianshic acid(2),6,6-dimethyl-2-methlenebicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-O-(6-O-apiofuranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),ent-16β,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid(4),ent-17-hydroxy-19-kauranoic acid(5),7β,17-dihydroxy-16α-ent-kauran-19-oic acid 19-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ester(6),paniculoside Ⅳ(7),thomimarine A(8),cyclo-(S-Pro-R-Leu)(9),4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid 1-methyl ether(10),methyl 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate(11),5-acetyl-3β-hydroxy-2β-(1-hydroxyisopropyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofurane(12),4-ally-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl glucoside(13).Compounds 1 and 3-12 had inhibition on the release of NO in RAW264.7 cells,and 4-6,8,10-12 were better than the positive control.CONCLUSION Compounds 1,6,8-9 are isolated from Compositae family for the first time,and 2-5,7,10 and 11-13 are first isolated from this plant.Compounds 1,3-12 have anti-inflammatory activities.