Objective:To explore the occupational adaptability of psychiatric medical caregivers from the perspective of a composite ecosystem.Methods:Using purposive sampling combining with snowball sampling and based on ecosystem theory, an interview outline was set up to conduct semi-structured interviews with psychiatric medical caregivers from October to December 2023. The Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used to extract the themes.Results:Totally 15 psychiatric medical caregivers aged 44-61 years, 4 males and 11 females. There were three themes in the study: microsystems-changes in cognition, emotion, and physical and mental health; mid-level system-support and difficulties for families, hospitals, and nursing staff institutions; the macro system-social psychological support system was lacking.Conclusions:Psychiatric medical caregivers lack professional knowledge, have more negative emotions in their emotional experiences, and have a serious lack of mental health support systems. There are biases and misunderstandings towards them in society. It is recommended that managers pay attention to the physical and mental health of psychiatric caregivers and improve their work adaptability.

Objective:To investigate the extent and characteristics of parenting stress experienced by fathers of children aged 0-6 in three provinces of Eastern China, and to compare the quality of their marital relationships within each latent class, in order to provide reference for developing intervention strategies for different categories of fathers.Methods:Using cross-sectional survey methods, fathers with children aged 0-6 years were recruited using convenience sampling from December 2020 to March 2021 from Anhui province, Zhejiang province and Jiangsu province in Eastern China. Data were collected through a general information questionnaire, the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, and the Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale.Latent profile analysis was used to determine the classification, Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the difference of marital quality. Results:A total of 657 questionnaires were distributed and 604 valid questionnaires were recovered. The age of 604 fathers was (32.50 ± 6.26) years, the score of parenting stress was (89.70 ± 17.87) and the score of marriage quality was (108.36 ± 22.28). The characteristics of parenting stress among fathers of young children were categorized into three latent profile types: "high stress-negative parenting group" (88 people accounting for 14.6%), " medium stress- poor interaction group" (329 people accounting for 54.5%), and " low stress-positive parenting group" (187 people accounting for 30.9%). The scores of marriage quality were (99.94 ± 23.81), (106.52 ± 19.84), (115.56 ± 23.70) points among these three latent classes with significant differences ( H=35.89, P<0.05). Conclusions:The study identifies three latent classes of parenting stress among fathers of children aged 0-6, each associated with varying levels of marriage quality. Therefore, targeted interventions aimed at improving fathers′ parenting stress and marriage quality, and helping create family environments where children can grow up healthy.

Objective:To evaluate and summarize the best evidence for physical activity in patients with schizophrenia combined with diabetes, and to provide a reference for clinical practice.Methods:Through the evidence-based method and according to the "6S" evidence model system, evidence was retrieved from domestic and foreign databases, guideline networks and society networks, including best practices, guidelines, evidence summaries, systematic reviews, and expert consensus. Search period was from the establishment of the database to August 8, 2023. Two researchers evaluated the quality of the literature and extracted data and summarized evidence.Results:A total of 15 papers were included, including 4 clinical decisions, 3 guidelines, 5 systematic reviews and 3 expert consensuses. Thirty-four pieces of evidence from 9 aspects including multidisciplinary team management, assessment and monitoring, goal setting, time of initiation of activity, type of activity, intensity and frequency of activity, motivational elicitation, social support, and activity security.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence for physical activity in patients with schizophrenia combined with diabetes, which may promote standardized management of physical activity in these patients.

Objective:To explore the effect of non-invasive intervention on preventing maternal breast tenderness, and to provide references for clinicians to select the optimal non-invasive intervention for the prevention of maternal breast tenderness.Methods:Literature focused on the effect of different non-invasive interventions to prevent maternal breast tenderness by randomized controlled trials design was searched in the databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library, from inception to April 8, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the quality of the literature. Stata 16.0 was used to conduct a network Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 21 studies involving 2 298 women, covering 5 non-invasive interventions (low-frequency pulse electrotherapy, breast massage combined with low-frequency pulse electrotherapy, breast massage and acupoint massage, breast massage and acupoint massage combined with ear point pressure bean, breast massage and acupoint massage combined with external application of Chinese medicine). The network meta-analysis results showed that, compared with routine care, five non-invasive interventions had statistically significant differences in reducing the incidence of maternal breast tenderness ( OR values ranging from 0.20 to 0.39, all P<0.05). Breast massage combined with low-frequency pulse electrotherapy ranked first in terms of effectiveness on preventing of breast tenderness. Conclusions:All five non-invasive interventions are effective on preventing maternal breast tenderness, with breast massage combined with low-frequency pulse electrotherapy being the most effective.

Objective To explore the association between gut microbiota and liver cirrhosis in East Asian populations by using Mendelian randomization(MR)methods.Methods Genome wide association study(GWAS)datasets on gut microbiota were obtained from National GeneBank Big Data Platform and GWAS datasets on liver cirrhosis were obtained from IEU Open GWAS database,by using gut microbiota as the exposure factor and liver cirrhosis as the outcome variable.Inverse variance weighted(IVW)method was adopted as the main analytical method,with the constrained maximum likelihood and model averaging(cML-MA)method as a secondary analysis method,to verify the causal relationship between gut microbiota and liver cirrhosis.The robustness of the results were further validated through sensitivity analysis and leave-one-out analysis.Results The primary IVW analysis preliminarily identified 16 gut microbiota species associated with liver cirrhosis.An increased abundance of Clostridium L2-50,Marvinbryantia,Sulfate-reducing bacteria,Treponema socranskii,Coprococcus,Ruminococcaceae,Sanguinibacter,Vibrio funis,Thermanaerovibrio,and Mitsuokella was found to elevate the risk of liver cirrhosis.Conversely,an increased abundance of Desulfovibrio,Clostridium hathewayi,Propionibacterium,Allistipes,Bacteroides salanitiphilus,and Dyella was associated with a reduced risk of liver cirrhosis.The cML-MA analysis revealed statistical significance for Mitsuokella,Clostridium L2-50,Marvinbryantia,Coprococcus,and Dyella,indicating a strong correlation between these five gut microbiota species and liver cirrhosis.The heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy for 16 bacterial clusters showed P＞0.05,suggesting an absence of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy,and the leave-one-out analysis did not identify any abnormal single nucleotide polymorphism.Conclusion This research reveals an association between 16 gut microbiota and liver cirrhosis in the East Asian population,with 5 of these gut microbiota demonstrating a significant correlation with liver cirrhosis,and offering new genetic insights for the prevention and treatment of liver cirrhosis.

Objective To explore the peak moment characteristics of lower limb joints,as well as the contribution rate and compensation mechanism of lower limb joints when older adults with a history of falls cross obstacles at different paces.Methods Thirty healthy older adults and 30 eldely fallers were recruited.The Qualisys infrared high-speed motion capture system and the Kistler three-dimensional force platform were used to collect the biomechanical data of the older adults when they crossed an obstacle with a height of 15％of their height at three walking speeds(1.05,1.41,1.74 m/s).The data were then modeled and analyzed using Visual 3D software.Results As walking speed increased,the peak knee extension moment,peak ankle plantar flexion moment,and double peak value of hip flexion moment in healthy group all increased significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with healthy group,the double peak values of hip flexion moment in faller group were significantly smaller than those in healthy group(P＜0.05).During walking at moderate speed,the contribution rate of the left hip joint in faller group was significantly higher than that of healthy group(P=0.025),while the contribution rate of the ankle joint was significantly lower(P=0.044).The margin of stability in the anterior-posterior direction at the moment of ground contact of the stance leg and the stride leg increased with walking speed(P=0.007,P=0.002).Conclusions Compared with healthy older adults,the elderly fallers have lower peak torque,peak ground reaction force,and dynamic stability in the anterior-posterior direction.As the walking speed increases,the mechanical parameters and the margin of stability of older adults increase significantly,and walking stability is improved.Compared with healthy older adults,elderly fallers usually rely more on the contribution of hip joint movements and reduce the involvement of ankle joints.It is recommended to incorporate fast walking exercises into the daily fall prevention exercise program for older adults,with combination of coordinated training of the hip,knee,and ankle joints.

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of Slc1a2 overexpression on cognitive dysfunction in sleep-deprived mice.Methods A total of 130 mice were divided into five groups:normal sleep(NS),NS+ov-Slc1a2,sleep deprivation(SD),SD+ov-NC,and SD+ov-Slc1a2,with 26 mice in each group.The SD mice model was established using an automatic system based on a rotating rod,and overexpress Slc1a2 adenovirus was injected into the prefrontal cortex(PFC).Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of Slc1a2 in the mouse PFC.Electrophysiological tests were used to evaluate non-rapid eye movement(NREM)sleep time,rapid eye movement(REM)sleep time,and wakefulness time in mice.Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of glutamate(Glu)and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)metabolic enzymes in the mouse PFC.Whole-cell patch-clamp recording was used to detect the frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents(mEPSC)in mouse PFC.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the proportion of GABA-positive cells in the mouse PFC.The C11-BODIPY fluorescent probe was used to detect lipid reac-tive oxygen species(ROS)levels in mouse PFC.Commercial kits were used to detect Fe2+and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in the mouse PFC.Cognitive function in mice was evaluated using the open field,novel object recognition,and Y-maze tests.Results Compared with the NS group,the NREM sleep time,REM sleep time,central area stay time,recognition index,and novel wall selection index increased significantly,while wakefulness time decreased significantly in the NS+ov-Slc1a2 group(all P＜0.05).The percentage of Slc1a2+GFAP+cells,expression of Slc1a2 protein,expression of Glul,Slc6a1,and Abat mRNA,frequency and amplitude of mEPSC,and proportion of GABA-positive cells in the PFC increased significantly,whereas lipid ROS,Fe2+,and MDA levels decreased significantly(all P＜0.05).Compared with the NS group,the NREM sleep time,REM sleep time,central area stay time,recognition index,and novel wall selection index of the SD group and the SD+ov-NC group were significantly decreased,whereas wakefulness time was significantly increased(all P＜0.05).The percentage of Slc1a2+GFAP+cells,expression of Slc1a2 protein,expression of Glul,Slc6a1,and Abat mRNA,frequency and amplitude of mEPSC,and proportion of GABA-positive cells in the mouse PFC decreased significantly,whereas lipid ROS,Fe2+,and MDA levels increased significantly(all P＜0.05).Compared with the SD and SD+ov-NC groups,the NREM sleep time,REM sleep time,central area stay time,recognition index,and novel wall selection index of the SD+ov-Slc1a2 group increased significantly,whereas the wakeful-ness time decreased significantly(all P＜0.05).The percentage of Slc1a2+GFAP+cells,the expression of Slc1a2 protein,the expression of Glul,Slc6a1,and Abat mRNA,the frequency and amplitude of mEPSC,and the proportion of GABA-positive cells in the mouse PFC increased significantly,whereas lipid ROS,Fe2+,and MDA levels decreased significantly(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Ectopic overexpres-sion of Slc1a2 in the PFC can improve sleep disorders in SD mice,reduce the damage caused by SD to excitatory synaptic transmission and GABAergic neuron function in the PFC,and alleviate cognitive impairment and anxiety-like behavior in these mice.Its mechanism may be related to the improvement of Glu/GABA metabolic imbalance in the PFC and inhibition of ferroptosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of target oriented infusion guided by stroke volume variation(SVV)in elderly lumbar surgery.Method From January to December 2023,80 elderly patients undergoing elective general anesthesia for prone lumbar surgery were divided into two groups by random number table method:SVV guidance target-oriented infusion group(SVV group)and conventional infusion group(conventional group),with 40 cases in each group.The amount of infusion,blood loss,urine volume and use of vasoactive drugs in the two groups were recorded.MAP,HR,blood lactate concentration(Lac),base residual value(BE),and PaO2 were recorded at the time of entry(T1),before cuticle(T2),1 hour after prone position(T3),and after surgery(T4).Pulmonary ultrasound examinations were performed at 4,8,12 and 24 hours after surgery,and B-line scores were calculated,as well as the incidence of cardiac insufficiency,nausea,vomiting,delirium and hospital stay at 24 hours after surgery.Result Compared with normal group,in group SVV,intraoperative infusion volume[(1123+532)ml],vascular active drug utilization rate(15.0％),postoperative each point B line score[(1.55±1.32),(1.22±0.94),(1.01±0.93),(1.07±0.90)]were reduced(P＜0.05).HR at T2～T4[(67±8,71±11,73±12)times/min]、PaO2 at T3,T4[(438±41,423±44)mmHg]were increased,Lac and BE at T2～T4 were(0.3±0.5,1.4±0.5,1.4±0.3)mmol/L.(0.3±0.6,0.3±1.0,0.3±1.1)was decreased(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups in cardiac dysfunction,nausea,vomiting,delirium and hospital stay after a 24-hour postoperative period(P＞0.05).Conclusion SVV guided target oriented infusion in elderly lumbar surgery is beneficial to circulation stability and tissue perfusion,and reduces the production of lung water.

Objective To evaluate the effect of target oriented infusion guided by stroke volume variation(SVV)in elderly lumbar surgery.Method From January to December 2023,80 elderly patients undergoing elective general anesthesia for prone lumbar surgery were divided into two groups by random number table method:SVV guidance target-oriented infusion group(SVV group)and conventional infusion group(conventional group),with 40 cases in each group.The amount of infusion,blood loss,urine volume and use of vasoactive drugs in the two groups were recorded.MAP,HR,blood lactate concentration(Lac),base residual value(BE),and PaO2 were recorded at the time of entry(T1),before cuticle(T2),1 hour after prone position(T3),and after surgery(T4).Pulmonary ultrasound examinations were performed at 4,8,12 and 24 hours after surgery,and B-line scores were calculated,as well as the incidence of cardiac insufficiency,nausea,vomiting,delirium and hospital stay at 24 hours after surgery.Result Compared with normal group,in group SVV,intraoperative infusion volume[(1123+532)ml],vascular active drug utilization rate(15.0％),postoperative each point B line score[(1.55±1.32),(1.22±0.94),(1.01±0.93),(1.07±0.90)]were reduced(P＜0.05).HR at T2～T4[(67±8,71±11,73±12)times/min]、PaO2 at T3,T4[(438±41,423±44)mmHg]were increased,Lac and BE at T2～T4 were(0.3±0.5,1.4±0.5,1.4±0.3)mmol/L.(0.3±0.6,0.3±1.0,0.3±1.1)was decreased(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups in cardiac dysfunction,nausea,vomiting,delirium and hospital stay after a 24-hour postoperative period(P＞0.05).Conclusion SVV guided target oriented infusion in elderly lumbar surgery is beneficial to circulation stability and tissue perfusion,and reduces the production of lung water.

Objective To explore the peak moment characteristics of lower limb joints,as well as the contribution rate and compensation mechanism of lower limb joints when older adults with a history of falls cross obstacles at different paces.Methods Thirty healthy older adults and 30 eldely fallers were recruited.The Qualisys infrared high-speed motion capture system and the Kistler three-dimensional force platform were used to collect the biomechanical data of the older adults when they crossed an obstacle with a height of 15％of their height at three walking speeds(1.05,1.41,1.74 m/s).The data were then modeled and analyzed using Visual 3D software.Results As walking speed increased,the peak knee extension moment,peak ankle plantar flexion moment,and double peak value of hip flexion moment in healthy group all increased significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with healthy group,the double peak values of hip flexion moment in faller group were significantly smaller than those in healthy group(P＜0.05).During walking at moderate speed,the contribution rate of the left hip joint in faller group was significantly higher than that of healthy group(P=0.025),while the contribution rate of the ankle joint was significantly lower(P=0.044).The margin of stability in the anterior-posterior direction at the moment of ground contact of the stance leg and the stride leg increased with walking speed(P=0.007,P=0.002).Conclusions Compared with healthy older adults,the elderly fallers have lower peak torque,peak ground reaction force,and dynamic stability in the anterior-posterior direction.As the walking speed increases,the mechanical parameters and the margin of stability of older adults increase significantly,and walking stability is improved.Compared with healthy older adults,elderly fallers usually rely more on the contribution of hip joint movements and reduce the involvement of ankle joints.It is recommended to incorporate fast walking exercises into the daily fall prevention exercise program for older adults,with combination of coordinated training of the hip,knee,and ankle joints.