BACKGROUND:3D-printed bone tissue engineering scaffolds have obvious advantages in the research and clinical treatment of bone defect repair.As one of the important raw materials for 3D printed bone scaffolds,poly-L-lactic acid has a great potential for application in performing bone defect repair,but clinical patients with different bone defect causative factors have different requirements for the comprehensive performance of poly-L-lactic acid bone scaffolds.OBJECTIVE:To summarize and review the development of 3D printing technology and poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds and the design strategies chosen for scaffolds for bone repair in the setting of bone diseases such as osteomyelitis,bone tumor,osteonecrosis,and osteoporosis.METHODS:Literature from CNKI,WanFang,PubMed,Science Direct,and Web of Science databases were searched and screened from 1994 to 2024.Search terms were"3D printing,polylactic acid,bone tissue engineering scaffold,osteomyelitis,bone tumor,osteonecrosis,osteoporosis,bone defect"in Chinese and English.The screened 62 articles were systematically summarized and analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Poly-L-lactic acid is considered to be an ideal raw material for artificial bone scaffold design due to its non-toxicity,processability,biocompatibility,and ability to self-degrade in the human environment.The application of 3D printing technology has enabled poly-L-lactic acid bone scaffolds to meet the multilayered and porous structural design requirements of biomimetic artificial bone repair materials,and to optimize the mechanical properties for better bone repair.(2)According to different bone disease microenvironments,timely adjustment of the functional design of poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds is important for the comprehensive osteogenic efficacy of the scaffolds.The article discusses the application of poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds in bone disease environments such as osteomyelitis,bone tumor,osteonecrosis,and osteoporosis,and highlights the importance of rationally grasping the timing of bone disease treatment and bone tissue regeneration for bone defects caused by different bone diseases.(3)Although poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds show potential in bone repair,there are still some problems,such as the need to further optimize the structural design of the scaffolds to fit new bone regeneration,enhance the bioactivity of the scaffolds,and take into account other functions(e.g.,antimicrobial,anti-tumor,and anti-osteoporosis)in order to adapt to the needs of bone tissue repair in different pathological environments.

BACKGROUND:3D-printed bone tissue engineering scaffolds have obvious advantages in the research and clinical treatment of bone defect repair.As one of the important raw materials for 3D printed bone scaffolds,poly-L-lactic acid has a great potential for application in performing bone defect repair,but clinical patients with different bone defect causative factors have different requirements for the comprehensive performance of poly-L-lactic acid bone scaffolds.OBJECTIVE:To summarize and review the development of 3D printing technology and poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds and the design strategies chosen for scaffolds for bone repair in the setting of bone diseases such as osteomyelitis,bone tumor,osteonecrosis,and osteoporosis.METHODS:Literature from CNKI,WanFang,PubMed,Science Direct,and Web of Science databases were searched and screened from 1994 to 2024.Search terms were"3D printing,polylactic acid,bone tissue engineering scaffold,osteomyelitis,bone tumor,osteonecrosis,osteoporosis,bone defect"in Chinese and English.The screened 62 articles were systematically summarized and analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Poly-L-lactic acid is considered to be an ideal raw material for artificial bone scaffold design due to its non-toxicity,processability,biocompatibility,and ability to self-degrade in the human environment.The application of 3D printing technology has enabled poly-L-lactic acid bone scaffolds to meet the multilayered and porous structural design requirements of biomimetic artificial bone repair materials,and to optimize the mechanical properties for better bone repair.(2)According to different bone disease microenvironments,timely adjustment of the functional design of poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds is important for the comprehensive osteogenic efficacy of the scaffolds.The article discusses the application of poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds in bone disease environments such as osteomyelitis,bone tumor,osteonecrosis,and osteoporosis,and highlights the importance of rationally grasping the timing of bone disease treatment and bone tissue regeneration for bone defects caused by different bone diseases.(3)Although poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds show potential in bone repair,there are still some problems,such as the need to further optimize the structural design of the scaffolds to fit new bone regeneration,enhance the bioactivity of the scaffolds,and take into account other functions(e.g.,antimicrobial,anti-tumor,and anti-osteoporosis)in order to adapt to the needs of bone tissue repair in different pathological environments.

Objective:Based on network pharmacology to study the mechanism of Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction in treating tension-type headache. Methods:Searched for the active ingredients and potential targets of Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction from TCMSP database, and adopted the targets of tension-type headache from GeneCards, DisGeNET, Drugbank and OMIM databases. Then obtained all the intersections of Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction and tension-type headache, and uploaded them to the STRING databases to construct a PPI network and conduct topological properties analysis. Finally, established a Chinese medicine regulatory network of Chinese medicine-components-target genes-disease by Cytoscape 3.6.1 software. To perform the GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG analysis on the core targets. Results:There were 51 intersections of Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction and tension-type headache. The topological properties analysis suggested that CASP3, JUN, HSP90AA1, MAPK1, STAT3, CCND1, ESR1, RELA, PTGS2, MAPK14 may be the potential targets for the treatment of tension-type headache in Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed 876 biological processes, 101 molecular functions and 62 cellular components. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed 25 related signaling pathways, including TNF signaling pathway, serotonergic synapse, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, Dopaminergic synapse and Sphingolipid signaling pathway. Conclusion:The treatment of tension-type headache by Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction verified the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway, which provided reference for the clinical medication.

Objective:To explore implementation of post training in Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD) based on Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation model (ADDIE model) , so as to explore its training effects.Methods:From January to August 2021, the development of post training courses for CSSD were completed according to ADDIE model, and 54 CSSD staff in the Second Hospital of Jilin University were selected by the convenient sampling method for post training. After the training, the Korotkoff evaluation method was used to evaluate the training effect from the aspects of CSSD staff satisfaction, theoretical assessment results and implementation rate of key technologies.Results:The satisfaction of CSSD staff with post training based on the ADDIE model was (88.44±4.01) , which was higher than the (79.72±4.90) of traditional training, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01) . After the post training based on the ADDIE model, the theoretical assessment score of CSSD staff was (90.07±6.09) , and the score before training was (81.30±7.28) , and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . In addition, the implementation rate of the key technologies of the posts was higher than before the training. Except for the sterilization post, there were statistically significant differences in the cleaning post, packaging post, distribution post and receiving post ( P<0.05) , and the frequency of adverse events was 0. Conclusions:Post training based on the ADDIE model can effectively improve the ability of CSSD staff and promote positive changes in their work behavior. Both CSSD staff and hospitals have a high degree of recognition for this training.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous quality improvement on subjective well-being quality of life and satisfaction of esophageal cancer patients. Methods A total of 120 esophageal cancer patients in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups, 60 cases in the observation group treated with continuous quality improvement while the other 60 cases in the control group treated with routine care. The two groups were compared in terms of subjective well-being,quality of life and nursing satisfaction. Results Before the intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups in view of the quality of life scale score and subjective well-being score (P>0.05). After the intervention, in view of symptoms, the scores on all the items in the boservation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), except constipation, economic difficulty and diarrhea and the function items were higher. The subjective satisfaction of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Continuous quality improvement care can promote the improvement of subjective well-being, improve the quality of life and satisfaction of patients with esophageal cancer.

Objective To explore the influence of elderly waist-hip ratio ( WHpR) on adiposity and vascular elasticity. Methods A total of 120 healthy middle aged and elderly people aged 40-60 years old were selected between February, 2015 and December, 2015. A number of 60 patients with normal ratio of WHpR were treated as a control group, while another 60 patients with higher ratio of WHpR as study group. Adiposity, arterial blood vessel elasticity, blood pressure, blood fat and blood glucose of two groups were compared. Results Normal rate of body fat and arterial blood vessel of the study group were lower than those of the control group. Adiposity, pulse wave velocity(PWV), body mass index of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, blood glucose, uric acid, three acyl glycerin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of the study group were higher than those of the control group, high density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower than that of the control group( P<0.05) . WHpR was positively associated with Adiposity, degree of elastic stiffness of blood vessels and body mass index (r=0.135, P=0.011;r=0.189, P=0.013;r=0.146, P=0.014). Degree of elastic stiffness of blood vessels was positively related with WHpR, adiposity, body mass index ( r=0. 189, P=0. 013;r=0. 123, P=0. 009;r=0.097,P=0.021) . Conclusions WHpR can be used as an early evaluation index of Adiposity and blood vessel elasticity for middle aged and elderly people.

Objective To evaluate quantitative examination of urinary sediment bacteria as a basic feasibility of screening indicators for urinary tract infection .Methods 191 outpatients and inpatient specimens were gathered firstly to implement a urine culture ,and then the rest of the urine were used for sediment bacteria quantitative testing .Meanwhile ,bacterial culture was conducted as the standard .According to the results of bacterial culture ,receiver operating characteristic(ROC) was drawn ,the threshold values of leukocyte and bacteria counts for diagnosis of urinary tract infection were found out and its sensitivity ,specificity ,positive / negative predictive value ,false positive/false negative rate and accuracy were calculated .Results The positive rate of urine culture was 39 .7% ,and the most common pathogen was Escherichia coli .The threshold value of bacteria and leukocyte counts for diagnosis of urinary tract infection was 1 024 .5/μL and 135 .8/μL respectively .When combined leukocyte and bacteria counts for urinary tract infection ,the optimum sensitivity was 62 .5% ,specificity was 98 .1% ,positive predictive value was 95 .7% ,negative predictive value was 79 .6% ,false positive rate was 1 .9% ,false negative rate was 37 .5% ,and accuracy was 83 .8% .Conclusion With UF‐1000i urinary sediment analyzer ,the combined determination of leukocyte and bacteria counts can remove the great mass of negative results ,Especially the results of bacterial culture positive predictability is higher ,but still can not replace of quantitative bacterial culture .

Objective To explore clinical value of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) rate in early evaluation of imaging tumor efficacy and prognosis of disease control for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before and after the second course of chemotherapy, and provide the basis for clinical adjustment chemotherapy regimens.Methods Patients in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were randomly collected in January 2007-September 2014 during the pathological diagnosis of 130 cases for advanced NSCLC, who had an elevated serum CEA level, including pre-chemotherapy and prochemotherapy, were collected.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to evaluate efficacy of CEA change in evaluation of early disease control (DC).SPSS 18.0 was used to analyze the relationship between CEA change and prognosis.Results After two chemotherapy cycles, the area under the ROC curve was 70.6％.When the cut-point of the change rates of CEA levels was 2.05％ , the Youden index reaches the maximum.Adenocarcinoma group and squamous cell carcinoma patients after 2 courses of CEA change rate evaluation, which area under the ROC curve was 72.0％ (95％ CI :61.4％ ～ 82.5％), and 70.1％ (95％ CI:45.8％ ～94.5％).Survival was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method, which showed the change rates of CEA levels were all the influencing factors of progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced NSCLC(P ＜ 0.05).While the change rates of CEA levels were not predictive overall survival (OS) (P =0.715).Conclusions It prompts effective chemotherapy, and patients have the extended PFS, when CEA levels before and after chemotherapy dropped to a certain degree.

Objective To investigate the changes and significances of vaginal microecology in elderly postmenopausal women.Methods 50 postmenopausal women and 68 reproductive age women with no subjective symptoms and normal vaginal microecological who had health examination in Beijing Hospital were selected.The contents and strains of vaginal lactobacilli in both groups were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and their differences between the two groups were analyzed.Results 92％ (46 cases) of postmenopausal women had only one vaginal lactobacillus strain in vaginal,and 8％(4 cases) of them had two lactobacillus strains in vaginal.But 4％(3 cases) of reproductive-age women had only one vaginal lactobacillus strain in vaginal,and 96％ (65 cases) of them had two and more lactobacillus strains in vaginal.There was a significant difference in the strains of vaginal lactobacilli between the two groups (x2=91.035,P=0.000).The strains of vaginal lacmbacilli ranking top 4 detection rate was Lactobaeillus jensenii (30.0％),Lactobacillus gasseri (22.6％),Lactobacillus crispatus (16.9％) and Lactobacillus inert (13.2％) in postmenopausal women,while Lactobacillus inert (80.8 ％),Lactobacillus crispatus (70.5 ％),Lactobacillus gasseri (67.6％) and Lactobacillus jensenii (39.7％) in reproductive-age women.The content of 16s rDNA from vaginal lactobacillus was more in reproductive age women than in postmenopausal women [(87.3 ±0.8) ng/g total DNA vs.(35.1±3.6) ng / g total DNA,t=6.514,P=0.048].Conclusions Lactobacillus strains colonizing in vaginal are different between postmenopausal women and reproductive age women,and the content of the vaginal lactobacillus is reduced significantly in postmenopausal women.