AIM: To investigate variation patterns of corneal biomechanical parameters and binocular symmetry among children of different genders aged 8-16 years.METHODS:A retrospective study was conducted, and children who underwent optometric examinations at the ophthalmology department of our hospital were enrolled between January 2022 and December 2024. Measurements included the flat keratometry(K1), steep keratometry(K2), and mean curvature(Km)of the anterior corneal surface, horizontal visible iris diameter(HVID), central corneal thickness(CCT), corneal endothelial cell density(CECD), average cell size(ACS), coefficient of variation(CV), and hexagonality(HEX). Corneal parameters and binocular differences were compared between genders and across age groups.RESULTS:A total of 621 children(1 242 eyes)were enrolled in this study, including 284 males(568 eyes), 337 females(674 eyes), 528 children aged 8-12 years(1 056 eyes), and 93 children aged 13-16 years(186 eyes). In children aged 8-16 years, the K1, K2, Km and CV of both eyes, as well as the interocular CCT differences in boys were significantly lower than those in girls(all P<0.05), while the HVID and HEX of both eyes, as well as the CCT of the left eye in boys were significantly higher than those in girls(all P<0.05). Children aged 8-12 years had significantly higher K1, Km, CECD and HEX in both eyes, and significantly lower ACS in both eyes than those aged 13-16 years(all P<0.05). K1, K2, Km, CECD and HEX in both eyes were negatively correlated with age(P<0.05); ACS in both eyes was positively correlated with age(P<0.001); K1 and Km of the right eye were positively correlated with the CECD of the right eye(P<0.05), and K1 and CCT of the left eye were positively correlated with the CECD of the left eye(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Significant gender differences exist in corneal parameters among children aged 8 to 16 years, while binocular symmetry remained stable.

This study aims to investigate the ameliorating effect of Corni Fructus(CF) on the myocardial ischemic injury and the pharmacokinetic properties of characteristic components of CF. The mouse model of isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia was established and administrated with the aqueous extract of CF. The general efficacy of CF in ameliorating the myocardial ischemic injury was evaluated based on the cardiac histopathology and the levels of myocardial injury markers: creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I(cTn-I). The metabolomics analysis was carried out for the heart and serum samples of mice to screen the biomarkers of CF in ameliorating the myocardial ischemic injury and then the predicted biomarkers were submitted to metabolic pathway enrichment. The pharmacokinetic analysis was performed for morroniside, loganin, and cornuside Ⅰ in mouse heart and serum samples to obtain the pharmacokinetic parameters of these components. The pharmacokinetic parameters were then integrated on the basis of self-defined weighting coefficients to simulate an integrated pharmacokinetic profile of CF iridoid glycosides in the heart and serum of the mouse model of myocardial ischemia. The results indicated that CF reduced the pathological damage to cardiac cells and tissue(hematoxylin-eosin staining) and lowered the levels of CK-MB and cTn-I in the serum of the mouse model of myocardial ischemia(P<0.01). Metabolomics analysis screed out 31 endogenous metabolites in the heart and 35 in the serum as biomarkers of CF in ameliorating the myocardial ischemic injury. These biomarkers were altered by modeling and restored by CF. Six metabolic pathways in the heart and 5 in the serum were enriched based on these metabolic markers. The main integrated pharmacokinetic parameters of CF iridoid glycosides were T_(max)=1 h, t_(1/2)=(1.52±0.05) h in the heart and T_(max)=1 h, t_(1/2)=(1.56±0.50) h in the serum. Both concentration-time curves showed a double-peak phenomenon. In conclusion, CF demonstrated the cardioprotective effect by regulating metabolic pathways such as taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and pantothenic acid and coenzyme A biosynthesis. The integrated pharmacokinetics reflect the general pharmacokinetic properties of characteristic components in CF.
Animals ; Cornus/chemistry* ; Mice ; Metabolomics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia/metabolism* ; Humans ; Troponin I/metabolism* ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Biomarkers/metabolism* ; Creatine Kinase, MB Form/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: To explore the displacement and pressure distribution of American Chiropractic in a model of third lumbar syndrome based on finite element analysis. METHODS: On March 2021, CT and MRI images of a 23-year-old male patient with right third lumbar syndrome were selected. A 3D stl model was established using Mimics and CATIA, and the data was imported into Hypermesh, Abaqus & ANSYS. The elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the affected side material were adjusted to establish its finite element model. Based on the comparison of the operating positions and routines of the American Chiropractic and the lumbar spine oblique pull method, but with differences in the focus and direction of force, the experimental group simulated the American Chiropractic with the healthy side (left side) lying position of the model. The upper endplate of L₃ and the lower part below L₃ twisted accordingly with the body position, we applied a vertical forward thrust of 246 N to the plane formed by the L₄, L₅ spinous processes and L₄ upper articular processes;The control group simulates the oblique pull method of the lumbar spine, requiring the model to lie on the healthy side (left side), fix the upper endplate of L₄, and perform a horizontal rotation along the longitudinal axis of L₃ vertebral body. At this time, the contact force in the upward direction is also set to 246 N. Compare the displacement and stress differences between the L₁-L₅ intervertebral bodies, intervertebral discs, articular processes, and transverse process muscles in two intervention models. RESULTS: ① Under safe load conditions, a test force of 246 N was applied to the model, and the maximum vertebral displacement occurred on the right side of the L₃ vertebral body (1.197 mm) after manual intervention in the control group. The vertebral displacement between L₁-L₅ induced by manual intervention in the experimental group was smaller than that of the control group's manual intervention (P<0.05). ② The maximum vertebral body stress occurred on the right side of the L₃ vertebral body after manual intervention in the control group (98.425 MPa). The stress on each vertebral body formed by the experimental group's manual intervention was lower than that of the control group's manual intervention (P<0.05). ③The maximum intervertebral disc stress occurred on the right side of the L_2,3 intervertebral disc (6.282 MPa) after manual intervention in the control group. ④ The maximum joint process stress occurred on the right side of the L₄ upper joint process after manual intervention in the experimental group (1.587 MPa). The joint process stress on the left side below L₁ and the left side above and below L₂ induced by manual intervention in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). ⑤The maximum stress on the intertransverse process muscle was observed at the right lateral L₃ process end (31.960 MPa) of L_3,4 in the control group after manual intervention. The stress on the L_2,3 and L_4,5 segments of the intertransverse process muscle induced by manual intervention in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group's manual intervention (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The mechanical feedback of the L₁-L₅ vertebral body, the lower left side of the articular process L₁, the upper and lower left side of the articular process L₂, and the L_2,3 and L_4,5 segments of the transverse process muscle in the model indicates that performing American Chiropractic for the treatment of third lumbar transverse process syndrome can accurately hit the target pain point and allow the patient's tissue to form a low stress and low tension state after manual operation, thereby reducing the possibility of tissue damage caused by hypertonia after intervertebral joint movement, making it relatively safe. The application of American Chiropractic will be a new supplement to the traditional treatment plan for third lumbar transverse process syndrome.
Humans ; Finite Element Analysis ; Male ; Lumbar Vertebrae/physiopathology* ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Young Adult ; Manipulation, Chiropractic ; Adult ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL). METHODS: The clinical data of 17 patients with PPL admitted to Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 2013 to June 2023 were collected, and their clinical characteristics and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed and summarized. RESULTS: The median age of the 17 patients was 56 (29-73) years old. There were 8 males and 9 females. According to Ann Arbor staging system, there were 9 patients with stage I-II and 8 patients with stage III-IV. There were 14 patients with IPI score of 0-2 and 3 patients with IPI score of 3-4. All 17 patients had symptoms at the initial diagnosis, most of the first symptoms were cough, and 6 patients had B symptoms.Among the 17 patients, there were 8 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 5 cases of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, 1 case of gray zone lymphoma (GZL), and 3 cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). 15 patients received chemotherapy, of which 3 cases received autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(ASCT) and 3 cases received radiotherapy; 2 patients did not receive treatment. The median number of chemotherapy courses was 6(2-8). The short-term efficacy was evaluated, 12 patients achieved complete remission (CR) and 3 patients achieved partial remission (PR). The age, pathological subtype, sex, Ann Arbor stage, β₂-microglobulin(β₂-MG) level, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) level were not correlated with CR rate (P >0.05), while IPI score was correlated with recent CR rate (P < 0.05 ). The median follow-up time was 31(2-102) months. One of the 12 CR patients died of COVID-19, and the rest survived. Among the 3 patients who did not reach CR, 1 died after disease progression, while the other 2 survived. One of the 2 untreated patients died one year after diagnosis. Both the median progression-free survival (PFS) time and overall survival (OS) time of the 17 patients were both 31 (2-102) months. CONCLUSION The incidence of PPL is low, and the disease has no specific clinical manifestations, which is easily missed and misdiagnosed. The pathological subtypes are mainly MALT lymphoma and DLBCL, and the treatment is mainly combined chemotherapy. The IPI score is related to the treatment efficacy.
Humans ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Prognosis ; Aged ; Lung Neoplasms/therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Neoplasm Staging ; Lymphoma/therapy* ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse

OBJECTIVE: By analyzing the hormone secretion of the adenohypophysis, thyroid glands, gonads, and adrenal cortex in patients with hematological diseases before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), this study aims to preliminarily explore the effect of HSCT on patients' hormone secretion and glandular damage. METHODS: The baseline data of 209 hematological disease patients who underwent HSCT in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2023, as well as the data on the levels of hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis, thyroid glands, gonads and adrenal cortex before and after HSCT were collected, and the changes in hormone levels before and after transplantation were analyzed. RESULTS: After allogeneic HSCT, the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and estradiol (E2) decreased, while the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) increased. The T3 level of patients with decreased TSH after transplantation was lower than that of those with increased TSH after transplantation. In female patients, the levels of prolactin (PRL), progesterone (Prog), and testosterone (Testo) decreased after HSCT. Testo and PRL decreased when there was a donor-recipient sex mismatch, and the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (COR) decreased when the HLA matching was haploidentical. The levels of T3, FT3, and PRL decreased after autologous HSCT. In allogeneic HSCT patients, the levels of TSH, T4, T3, FT3, and ACTH in the group with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were significantly lower than those in the group without GVHD. Logistic regression analysis showed the changes in hormone levels after transplantation were not correlated with factors such as the patient's sex, age, or whether the blood types of the donor and the recipient are the same. CONCLUSION HSCT can affect the endocrine function of patients with hematological diseases, mainly affecting target glandular organs such as the thyroid, gonads, and adrenal glands, while the secretory function of the adenohypophysis is less affected.
Humans ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Female ; Male ; Hematologic Diseases/blood* ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood* ; Triiodothyronine/blood* ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood* ; Thyroid Gland/metabolism* ; Estradiol/blood* ; Thyrotropin/blood* ; Gonads/metabolism* ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood* ; Hormones/metabolism* ; Adrenal Cortex/metabolism* ; Prolactin

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of HIV pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) and the transmission clusters associated with PDR-related mutations in newly diagnosed, treatment-naive patients between 2020 and 2023 in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province, China. METHODS: Demographic information and plasma samples were collected from study participants. PDR was assessed using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. The Tamura-Nei 93 model within HIV-TRACE was employed to compute pairwise matches with a genetic distance of 0.015 substitutions per site. RESULTS: Among 948 treatment-naive individuals with eligible sequences, 36 HIV subtypes were identified, with unique recombinant forms (URFs) being the most prevalent (18.8%, 178/948). The overall prevalence of PDR was 12.4% (118/948), and resistance to non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), and protease inhibitors (PIs) was 10.7%, 1.3%, and 1.6%, respectively. A total of 91 clusters were identified, among which eight showed evidence of PDR strain transmission. The largest PDR-associated cluster consisted of six CRF01_AE drug-resistant strains carrying K103N and V179T mutations; five of these individuals had initial CD4+ cell counts < 200 cells/μL. CONCLUSION The distribution of HIV subtypes in Dehong is diverse and complex. PDR was moderately prevalent (12.4%) between 2020 and 2023. Evidence of transmission of CRF01_AE strains carrying K103N and V179T mutations was found. Routine surveillance of PDR and the strengthening of control measures are essential to limit the spread of drug-resistance HIV strains.
Humans ; HIV Infections/virology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Middle Aged ; HIV-1/genetics* ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use* ; Myanmar/epidemiology* ; Young Adult ; Prevalence ; Adolescent ; Mutation

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of severe congenital heart dis-ease in Chongqing City during 2007-2023 to provide a basis for its comprehensive prevention and control measures.Methods Based on hospital monitoring data,453 children patients with severe congenital heart dis-ease monitored by the birth defects monitoring institutions in Chongqing city from January 2007 to December 2023 were included in the study.They were grouped by year,perinatal infants gender,maternal permanent res-idence(urban/rural),maternal age,different regions and other categories.The χ2 test was used to analyze the difference in the incidence rate of different categories of severe congenital heart diseases,and the Joinpoint re-gression model was used to analyze the change trend.Results A total of 1 468 005 perinatal neonates were monitored in Chongqing City during 2007-2023 and 453 cases of severe congenital heart disease were found,with an incidence rate of 3.09/10 000,in which the incidence rate of atrioventricular septal defect was 2.16/10 000,the incidence rate of tetralogy of fallot was 0.66/10 000 and the incidence rate of transposition of great ar-teries was 0.27/10 000.The total incidence rate of cities and towns was higher than that in the countryside(χ2=64.08,P<0.001),the urban area was higher than the Chongqing southeast and Chongqing northeast towns cluster(χ2=49.34,P<0.001),the female was higher than the male(χ2=5.63,P=0.018).The inci-dence rates in different ages groups showed the U shape distribution(χ2=31.63,P<0.001).The incidence rate of the pregnant women<20 years old group and pregnant women≥35 years old group was higher,which of the 25-29 years old group was lower.The incidence rate of severe congenital heart disease in Chongqing City during 2007-2023 appeared the turning point,which during 2007-2016 was gradually increased(APC=-15.95),and which during 2016-2023 was gradually decreased(APC=-15.36).Conclusion The incidence rate of severe congenital heart disease in Chongqing city during 2007-2023 was increased first and then de-creased,moreover there were differences in time,region and population.

Objective To evaluate the bioequivalence and safety of ibuprofen arginine granules test and reference formulations in Chinese healthy volunteers under fasting and postprandial conditions,and to provide evidence for consistency evaluation and clinical application of the drugs.Methods A single-center,single-dose,randomized,open-label,fasting and postprandial,two-period,two-crossover trial design was used.Twenty-four healthy Chinese volunteers were enrolled in the fasting and postprandial trial,respectively.The test preparation and reference preparation of ibuprofen arginine granules 0.4 g were taken orally in a randomized crossover single dose.Data analysis was performed using Phoenix WinNonlin 8.3.Results In the fasting group,the main pharmacokinetic parameters of ibuprofen in plasma after administration of the test and reference formulations of ibuprofen arginine granules were as follows:Cmax were(51.07±7.43)and(50.10±7.64)μg·mL-1;AUC0-,were(122.78±20.62)and(119.94±21.03)μg·h·mL-1;AUC0_∞ were(125.84±21.31)and(122.64±21.87)μg·h·mL-1,respectively.In the postprandial group,the main pharmacokinetic parameters of ibuprofen in plasma after administration of the test and reference formulations of ibuprofen arginine granules were as follows:Cmax were(17.47±3.56)and(17.89±4.47)μg·mL-1;AUC0-twere(114.33±17.12)and(122.13±29.46)μg·h·mL-1;AUC0_∞ were(134.04±36.72)and(133.96±30.35)μg·h·mL-1,respectively.The 90％confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratio of the two preparations were as follows:Cmax 97.96％-106.02％,AUC0_t 98.77％-105.14％,AUC0-∞ 99.34％-105.19％in fasting group;in postprandial group,Cmax was 92.37％-103.05％,AUC0-t was 93.31％-99.56％,AUC0-∞ was 93.89％-102.91％.Conclusion The test preparation and reference preparation of ibuprofen arginine granules in this study are bioequivalent in healthy adult Chinese volunteers.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and hearing loss of endolymphatic sac decompression(ESD)combined with one or two semicircular canal obstruction(SCO)in treating the patient with stage Ⅲ or stageⅣ Meniere disease.Methods Forty-three patients with stage Ⅲ or stage Ⅳ Meniere disease,who failed to respond to conventional conservative treatment and had the expectation of preserving residual hearing function,were enrolled in the study.They were divided into three groups according to the operation they underwent:ESD combined with lateral and posterior semicircular canal obstruction(ESD+LPSCO)13 cases,ESD combined with lateral semicircu-lar canal obstruction(ESD+LPSCO)14 cases,and ESD only 16 cases.Data of vertigo,ear fullness and tinnitus be-fore and after operation was collected,analyzed and compared.Hearing function before and after the operation was also evaluated.Results The number of vertigo attacks in the three groups(ESD+LPSCO,ESD+LSCO,and ESD)were all significantly reduced after operation.The vertigo control rate were 92.3％,78.6％and 62.5％re-spectively.Compared with pre-operation,the vertigo severity post-operation in the three groups were also signifi-cantly reduced.And the improvement rate of vertigo severity after ESD+LPSCO and ESD+LSCO were both 100％,which were significantly higher than that of ESD(68.8％).The discomfort of tinnitus and ear fullness in the three groups were significantly improved compared with that of pre-operation.The improvement rates of tinnitus in the three groups were 46.2％,50.0％and 43.8％respectively,with no significant difference.The improvement rate of ear fullness in the three groups were 61.5％,57.1％and 50.0％respectively,with no significant difference either.The proportion of patients with decreased hearing after operation in the three groups was 15.4％,7.1％and 18.8％,respectively,and the differences were insignificant.Conclusion ESD combined with one or two SCO can effectively control vertigo and other symptoms of patients with stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ Meniere's disease who had failure to conventional conservative treatment,and can preserve the residual hearing function in considerable extent.

Objective To deeply explore the principles of drug combinations in the treatment of vitiligo by traditional Chinese medicine master XUAN Guo-Wei by data mining technology,and to analyze the potential mechanism of action of the core drug pairs by network pharmacology.Methods The original case records of Professor XUAN Guo-Wei in treating vitiligo were compiled,and then TCM inheritance Computing Platform was used to analyze the frequency of drugs in the prescriptions,the association rules between drugs,and the core combinations of drugs by the association rule method,and the core drug pairs of Professor XUAN Guo-Wei's treatment of vitiligo were obtained based on the results of the data mining,additionally,the mechanism of the core pairs of drugs was analyzed by using the method of network pharmacology.Results A total of 243 prescriptions were collected,among which the high-frequency drugs were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Tribuli Fructus,Ecliptae Herba,Cuscutae Semen,Scrophulariae Radix,Angelicae Dahuricae Radix,etc.,and the core pair was Tribuli Fructus-Ecliptae Herba.The main components of Tribuli Fructus-Ecliptae Herba for the treatment of vitiligo were quercetin,kaempferol,etc.,there were 47 targets for the intersection of the active ingredients with the disease,among which TP53,TNF,IL-1β,CASP3,VEGFA,PTGS2,IL10,IL2,IFNG,and IL4 may be the core targets for the treatment of vitiligo by Tribuli Fructus-Ecliptae Herba.The main pathways of Tribuli Fructus-Ecliptae Herba drug pairs against the disease were PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,NF-κB signaling pathway,JAK-STAT signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway.Conclusion The core drug pair of Professor XUAN Guo-Wei in the treatment of vitiligo is Tribuli Fructus-Ecliptae Herba,which involves targets such as TP53,TNF,IL-1β,CASP3,VEGFA,PTGS2,IL10,IL2,IFNG,IL4,etc.,Tribuli Fructus-Ecliptae Herba drug pair maybe exert an effect in the treatment of vitiligo through PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,NF-κB signaling pathway,JAK-STAT signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway.