Polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder among women of reproductive age. Hyperandrogenism （HA）， one of its core pathological features， is closely associated with the clinical manifestations and metabolic complications of the disease. Current western medical treatments for PCOS-HA mainly include anti-androgen therapy and ovulation induction， such as short-acting oral contraceptives like Diane-35 and Yasmin. However， long-term use of these medications may result in adverse reactions like increasing the risk of liver dysfunction and exacerbating lipid metabolism disorders， with unsatisfactory long-term efficacy when used alone. Traditional Chinese medicine offers unique advantages in the treatment of PCOS-HA due to its holistic approach and multi-target regulatory mechanisms. In the view of traditional Chinese medicine， PCOS-HA is classified under the categories such as "delayed menstruation"， "amenorrhea"， and "infertility"， with kidney deficiency as the root， as well as liver stagnation and spleen deficiency as the manifestations. Phlegm and blood stasis are considered to be intertwined throughout the disease course. Modern studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine is significantly effective in improving the androgen levels， restoring ovulation， and improving insulin resistance in PCOS-HA patients. Representative prescriptions， such as Erxian Tang， Jiawei Xiaoyaosan， Guizhi Fulingwan， and Cangfu Daotantang， exert therapeutic effects through various mechanisms including regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis， reduction of ovarian androgen synthase activity， improvement of insulin signaling pathways， and inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress， which demonstrates the characteristics of comprehensive treatment with traditional Chinese medicine. Based on the perspectives of etiology and pathogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine， modern medical cognition， typical prescriptions， and action mechanisms， this paper reviewed the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of PCOS-HA， aiming to provide a reference for in-depth research and clinical applications in this field.

Polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder among women of reproductive age. Hyperandrogenism （HA）， one of its core pathological features， is closely associated with the clinical manifestations and metabolic complications of the disease. Current western medical treatments for PCOS-HA mainly include anti-androgen therapy and ovulation induction， such as short-acting oral contraceptives like Diane-35 and Yasmin. However， long-term use of these medications may result in adverse reactions like increasing the risk of liver dysfunction and exacerbating lipid metabolism disorders， with unsatisfactory long-term efficacy when used alone. Traditional Chinese medicine offers unique advantages in the treatment of PCOS-HA due to its holistic approach and multi-target regulatory mechanisms. In the view of traditional Chinese medicine， PCOS-HA is classified under the categories such as "delayed menstruation"， "amenorrhea"， and "infertility"， with kidney deficiency as the root， as well as liver stagnation and spleen deficiency as the manifestations. Phlegm and blood stasis are considered to be intertwined throughout the disease course. Modern studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine is significantly effective in improving the androgen levels， restoring ovulation， and improving insulin resistance in PCOS-HA patients. Representative prescriptions， such as Erxian Tang， Jiawei Xiaoyaosan， Guizhi Fulingwan， and Cangfu Daotantang， exert therapeutic effects through various mechanisms including regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis， reduction of ovarian androgen synthase activity， improvement of insulin signaling pathways， and inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress， which demonstrates the characteristics of comprehensive treatment with traditional Chinese medicine. Based on the perspectives of etiology and pathogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine， modern medical cognition， typical prescriptions， and action mechanisms， this paper reviewed the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of PCOS-HA， aiming to provide a reference for in-depth research and clinical applications in this field.

Objective To evaluate the value of serum Mac-2 binding protein (M2BP) for assessment of the severity of schisto somiasis-induced liver fibrosis, so as to provide insights into non-invasive diagnosis and disease surveillance of liver fibrosis caused by schistosomiasis. Methods A total of 234 individuals with a history of Schistosoma japonicum infection were sampled from Xinhua Village, Lushan City, Jiangxi Province from 2019 to 2020, and 234 serum samples were collected from all participants. All participants received B-ultrasound examinations of the liver. Serum samples were categorized into four groups (grades 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis groups) according to B-ultrasound examination results, and then, each group was randomly divided into a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve group and an efficacy assessment group at a ratio of 7∶3. Serum M2BP concentration was measured in four groups using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and differences in serum M2BP concentrations were compared with analysis of variance and Spearman correlation analysis. Serum M2BP concentration was subjected to ROC curve analysis among individuals with different grades of schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis in the ROC curve group to determine the optimal diagnostic threshold of M2BP concentration at different fibrosis grades, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic performance. The diagnostic accuracy was verified by comparing the accordance rate and Kappa consistency test in the efficacy assessment group. Results Among 234 serum samples, there were 79 samples with grade 0 schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis, 87 samples with Grade Ⅰ, 46 samples with Grade Ⅱ and 22 samples with Grade Ⅲ according to the B-ultrasound examinations. The mean serum M2BP concentrations were (0.40 ± 0.31) [95% confidence interval (CI): (0.33, 0.47)], (0.64 ± 0.48) [95% CI: (0.53, 0.74)], (1.76 ± 0.58) [95% CI: (1.59, 1.93)] μg/mL and (2.56 ± 0.93) [95% CI: (2.14, 2.97)] μg/mL in the four groups, respectively (F = 150.796, P < 0.001), and the severity of schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis significantly positively correlated with serum M2BP concentration (rs = 0.715, P < 0. 001). The sample sizes of grades 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis sera were randomly allocated as follows: 55 versus 24, 61 versus 26, 32 versus 14, and 15 versus 7 in the ROC curve and efficacy assessment groups, respectively, and the serum M2BP concentrations were (0.39 ± 0.29) μg/mL and (0.42 ± 0.36) μg/mL (F = 0.196, P > 0.05), (0.59 ± 0.47) μg/mL and (0.75 ± 0.51) μg/mL (F = 1.967, P > 0.05), (1.73 ± 0.59) μg/mL and (1.85 ± 0.57) μg/mL (F = 0.417, P > 0.05), and (2.46 ± 0.64) μg/mL and (2.76 ± 1.41) μg/mL (F = 0.491, P > 0.05), respectively. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal diagnostic thresholds of serum M2BP concentration were 0.347 86 μg/mL (AUC = 0.635, P < 0.05), 1.188 83 μg/mL (AUC = 0.938, P < 0.000 1) and 2.021 21 μg/mL (AUC = 0.821, P < 0.000 1) for grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis. In addition, the accordance rates between the optimal diagnostic threshold of serum M2BP and B-ultrasound examinations for predicting grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induceed liver fibrosis were 69.23%, 85.71% and 71.43% (χ2 = 1.340, P > 0.05), and the overall Kappa consistency test showed moderate consistency [Kappa = 0.608, 95% CI: (0.428, 0.788); Z = 6.609, P < 0.000 1]. Conclusions Serum M2BP may serve as a potential biomarker for assessing moderate to advanced schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis; however, its diagnostic value for early-stage schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis remains limited.

Objective: To examine the impacts of chemotherapy/radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and combined treatment on the quality of life in patients with intermediate and advanced lung cancer. Methods: The patients with intermediate and advanced lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy/radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and combined treatment for the first time were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Weifang City, Shandong Province, using a quota sampling method in September 2023. Basic information was collected using a general information questionnaire, and the quality of life was assessed using the Chinese version of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General. The investigation started on the 7th day of treatment, and the follow-ups were conducted at 3 and 6 months. The quality of life in patients with different treatment regimens and at different treatment time were compared using repeated measure analysis of variance. Results: There were 26 chemotherapy/radiotherapy patients, 32 targeted therapy patients, and 95 combination therapy patients. There were no significant differences in age, gender, place of residence, education level, self-rated economic status, medical insurance, pathological type and disease stage among the three treatment regimens (all P>0.05). The repeated measure analysis of variance showed an interaction effect between time and group among patients receiving the three treatment regimens (P<0.05). The quality of life scores of patients receiving combination therapy decreased with extended treatment time (all P<0.05). The quality of life scores of patients receiving targeted therapy at 3 and 6 months were lower than those treated for 7 days (both P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in quality of life scores among chemotherapy/radiotherapy patients with different treatment durations (all P>0.05). At 3 and 6 months, patients receiving combination therapy had lower quality of life scores compared to those receiving chemotherapy/radiotherapy or targeted therapy (all P<0.05). Conclusion The decline in quality of life for patients with intermediate and advanced lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy/radiotherapy and targeted therapy is less than that for patients receiving combined therapy.

Objective: To analyze the change trends in the body shape indicators and proportions of students in Harbin from 2010 to 2024, and to investigate ergonomic compatibility of functional dimensions of school desks and chairs with current student shape indicators, so as to provide a reference for revising furniture standards of desks and chairs. Methods: Between September and November of both 2010 and 2024, a combination of convenience sampling and stratified cluster random sampling was conducted across three districts in Harbin, yielding samples of 6 590 and 6 252 students, respectively. Anthropometric shape indicators cluding height, sitting height, crus length, and thigh length-and their proportional changes were compared over the 15-year period. The 2024 data were compared with current standard functional dimensions of school furniture. The statistical analysis incorporated t-test and Mann-Whitney U- test. Results: From 2010 to 2024, average height increased by 1.8 cm for boys and 1.5 cm for girls; sitting height increased by 1.5 cm for both genders; crus length increased by 0.3 cm for boys and 0.4 cm for girls; and thigh length increased by 0.5 cm for both genders. The ratios of sitting height to height, and sitting height to leg length increased by less than 0.1 . The difference between desk chair height and 1/3 sitting height ranged from 0.4-0.8 cm. Among students matched with size 0 desks and chairs, 22.0% had a desk to chair height difference less than 0, indicating that the desk to chair height difference might be insufficient for taller students. The differences between seat height and fibular height ranged from -1.4 to 1.1 cm; and the differences between seat depth and buttock popliteal length ranged from -9.8 to 3.4 cm. Among obese students, the differences between seat width and 1/2 hip circumference ranged from -20.5 to -8.7 cm, while it ranged from -12.2 to -3.8 cm among non obese students. Conclusion Current furniture standards basically satisfy hygienic requirements; however, in the case of exceptionally tall and obese students, ergonomic accommodations such as adaptive seating allocation or personalized adjustments are recommended to meet hygienic requirements.

The historical development of endogenous wind （内风） is traced with time as the thread， based on the progression of factors such as syndromes， causes of disease， and pathogenesis. It is believed that the concept of wind syndrome originated in The Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor （《黄帝内经》）， encompassing both exogenous wind （外风） and endogenous wind syndrome. Over time， exogenous wind syndrome gradually evolved into mild syndromes and severe syndromes， while endogenous wind syndrome emerged from severe syndromes of exogenous wind. Endogenous wind syndrome has both syndrome and pathogenic attributes， and its theoretical system has gradually become more refined. Based on the theories of ancient and modern medical practitioners， and combining the holistic perspectives with Xiang （象） thinking， it is proposed that endogenous wind has both physiological and pathological distinctions. The physiological endogenous wind refers to the liver's moderate dispersing and regulating function， which helps to distribute qi （气）， blood， and body fluids， while pathological endogenous wind arises from abnormal liver dispersal. Therefore， in clinical practice， different treatment methods， such as tonifying， unblocking， and warming， can be applied according to the differentiation of deficiency and excess in the pathogenesis.

Recent advancements have integrated indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging in thyroid surgeries, significantly enhancing the identification and preservation of parathyroid glands. This article reviewed the advancements and applications of ICG fluorescence imaging in locating and assessing the functionality of parathyroid glands in thyroid surgery, outlined the physicochemical characteristics of ICG and its historical utilization in medicine, introduced ICG fluorescence imaging in thyroid surgery, including traditional open thyroid surgery, endoscopic thyroid surgery, and robot-assisted thyroid surgery, and discussed the dosage of ICG, the methodologies for fluorescence scoring, and the enhancement of diagnostic precision through quantitative analysis.

Objective To investigate the effect of field angle on the results of in vivo dose validation of electronic portal imaging device(EPID)in patients.Methods Design the mold test and analyze the influence of different mold thicknesses and different frame angles on the 2D γ pass rate.Twenty-three patients who un-derwent radiotherapy in the Department of Radiotherapy of Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital from January to June 2023 were selected as the research object.In vivo dose verification was carried out during treatment to obtain 2D γ pass rate using same-day sector beam CT(FBCT)of planned CT and executive image guided(IG-RT)as reference images,and the influence of field angle on pass rate was analyzed.Results When the frame angle was unchanged,the area of the shooting field was larger than 17 cm×17 cm,and the 2D γ passing rate decreased with the increase of the thickness.The frame angle had no effect on the 2D γ pass rate when the mold thickness was constant.In clinical treatment data,the passage rate of 2D γ near 0°/180° was higher than that near 90°/270°(P＜0.05),and the passage rate near 90°/270° in the FBCT group was higher than that in the IGRT group(P＜0.05).The median passing rate of 3 mm 2D γ was 97.97％in 3％of the 23 patients.The non-IGRT group was 96.81％,the IGRT group was 97.89％,the FBCT group was 98.94％.There was a statistically significant difference in 2D γ passing rate between the non-IGRT group and the IGRT group(Z=-5.083,P＜0.05),and there was a statistically significant difference in 2D γ passing rate between the IGRT group and the FBCT group(Z=-10.657,P＜0.05).Conclusion Clinically,the difference of pass rate in vi-vo dose verification at different rack angles is mainly due to the difference of images within and between ses-sions.Using same-day FBCT as the reference image for in-vivo dose verification can improve the accuracy of pass rate and eliminate the influence of image difference between sessions.

Based on medical rescue operations aboard simulated hospital ships,this paper explores the medical care practice mode employed during maritime rescue missions,points out the deficiencies in current medical practices during rescue operations,and puts forward countermeasures to improve the practice based on past casualty reception and rescue training exercise.With a comprehensive analysis of casualty reception team practices on simulated hospital ships,this paper aims to provide insights for the continuous optimization of maritime medical care.

Objective To explore the mechanism of myocardial toxicity caused by N-methyl-3,4-methyle-nedioxyamphetamine(MDMA),the changes of intracellular calcium oscillation mode and calcium han-dling proteins during acute exposure to different concentrations of MDMA were detected,and the in-volvement of nuclear factor κB(NF-κB)and its effect on calcium handling proteins were investigated.Methods Primary rat cardiomyocytes were cultured to establish MDMA acute exposure model,and a control group was set up.The MDMA poisoning model was divided into three concentration groups of 10,100 and 1 000 μmol/L.After 1 h of exposure,the morphological changes of cardiomyocytes were ob-served,the cytotoxicity and changes in calcium signals were measured,and the changes in calcium handling proteins RyR2,SERCA2a,PLN,NCX1 and Cav1.2 were detected.The changes of NF-κB activity and the expression of nucleoprotein p-p65(Ser311)and PKCζ after MDMA exposure,and the intervention of NF-κB inhibitors pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate ammonium(PDTC)and protein kinase C(PKC)inhibitor chelerythrine(CHE)were detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA)and Western blotting.The effects of PDTC intervention on calcium signals,and the expressions of RyR2,SERCA2a,PLN,NCX1 and Cav1.2 after acute MDMA exposure were also observed.Results No obvious changes were observed in the morphology of cardiomyocytes after acute exposure to MDMA,whereas the oscillation waveform of intracytoplasmic calcium ion showed irregular changes with increased oscillation amplitude,intense fluctuations,irregular frequency,and increased fluctuation range of relative optical density values.The expression of RyR2,SERCA2a and NCX1 increased,while the expression of Cav1.2 and PLN de-creased.Acute MDMA exposure could increase NF-κB activity,while PDTC and CHE intervention could inhibit NF-κB activity.In MDMA exposed group,the expression of PKCζ and nucleoprotein p-p65(Ser311)both increased and could be inhibited by CHE.After the intervention of PDTC to block NF-κB,the amplitude of calcium oscillation was lower than that of the MDMA exposed group,and the expres-sion of RyR2,SERCA2a and NCX1 decreased.There was no significant change in PLN,while the ex-pression of Cav1.2 increased.Conclusion MDMA can lead to an increase of calcium ion concentration in cardiomyocytes.Calcium ions are involved in myocardial toxicity of MDMA.The mechanism is re-lated to changes in calcium handling proteins,mainly associated with the increased expression of RyR2.MDMA can up-regulate the intracellular activity of NF-κB through the PKCζ-NF-κB pathway and affect calcium handling proteins,which aggravate intracellular calcium overload during acute MDMA exposure.