Objective:To explore the potential categories of emotional behavior and its influencing factors in obese junior high school students.Methods:A total of 1 841 obese junior high school students were selected by convenient sampling method and surveyed by basic information scale, co-residence (CRS), online time (OT), outdoor exercise intensity (OEI) and subjective socioeconomic status scale for adolescent(SSS-A) score, Chinese version of perceived stress scale(CPSS), short grit scale(Grit-S), adolescent mental health literacy assessment questionnaire(AMHLAQ) and strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ).Statistical analysis were conducted by SPSS 26.0 software and Mplus 8.3 software.The latent class analysis was used to group the students according to the SDQ scores, and the disordered multivariate Logistic regression was used to explore the influencing factors of each category.Results:There were 4 latent categories of emotional behavior in obese junior high school students, which were anxiety-independence group (22.49%), depression-passive group (28.25%), contradiction-affinity group(24.72%) and stability-sociability group (24.55%).Students with low CPSS, Grit-S, AMHLAQ and SSS-A scores were more likely to enter the anxiety-independence group with stability-sociability group as a reference( B=0.893, OR=2.442, 95% CI=1.083-5.509; B=-1.645, OR=0.193, 95% CI=0.067-0.553; B=0.030, OR=1.031, 95% CI=1.007-1.055; B=-0.177, OR=0.883, 95% CI=0.812-0.953; B=-0.066, OR=0.934, 95% CI=0.899-1.081; B=-0.302, OR=0.739, 95% CI=0.695-0.786), living with one parent, and having low CPSS, Grit-S, and AMHLAQ scores; students with OT<1 h OEI≥4 d and low Grit-S total score were more likely to enter the depression-passive group( B=0.930, OR=2.715, 95% CI=1.206-5.945; B=-0.447, OR=0.572, 95% CI=0.363-0.953; B=-0.201, OR=0.818, 95% CI=0.793-0.844); students with high CPSS total score and low Grit-S and AMHLAQ total scores were easy to enter the contradiction-affinity group( B=-1.752, OR=0.174, 95% CI=0.054-0.562; B=0.087, OR=1.091, 95% CI=1.065-1.118; B=-0.273, OR=0.783, 95% CI=0.752-0.871; B=-0.036, OR=0.965, 95% CI=0.938-0.991); OEI≥4 d and OT <1 h were the protective factors of the stability-sociability group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:There is heterogeneity in the emotional and behavioral characteristics of obese junior high school students, which can be divided into four categories.Living with parents, controlling the length of time on the internet, maintaining a certain intensity of outdoor sports, strengthening stress management and perseverance quality training, and improving mental health literacy can help prevent emotional and behavioral problems.

Objective:To explore the potential categories of emotional behavior and its influencing factors in obese junior high school students.Methods:A total of 1 841 obese junior high school students were selected by convenient sampling method and surveyed by basic information scale, co-residence (CRS), online time (OT), outdoor exercise intensity (OEI) and subjective socioeconomic status scale for adolescent(SSS-A) score, Chinese version of perceived stress scale(CPSS), short grit scale(Grit-S), adolescent mental health literacy assessment questionnaire(AMHLAQ) and strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ).Statistical analysis were conducted by SPSS 26.0 software and Mplus 8.3 software.The latent class analysis was used to group the students according to the SDQ scores, and the disordered multivariate Logistic regression was used to explore the influencing factors of each category.Results:There were 4 latent categories of emotional behavior in obese junior high school students, which were anxiety-independence group (22.49%), depression-passive group (28.25%), contradiction-affinity group(24.72%) and stability-sociability group (24.55%).Students with low CPSS, Grit-S, AMHLAQ and SSS-A scores were more likely to enter the anxiety-independence group with stability-sociability group as a reference( B=0.893, OR=2.442, 95% CI=1.083-5.509; B=-1.645, OR=0.193, 95% CI=0.067-0.553; B=0.030, OR=1.031, 95% CI=1.007-1.055; B=-0.177, OR=0.883, 95% CI=0.812-0.953; B=-0.066, OR=0.934, 95% CI=0.899-1.081; B=-0.302, OR=0.739, 95% CI=0.695-0.786), living with one parent, and having low CPSS, Grit-S, and AMHLAQ scores; students with OT<1 h OEI≥4 d and low Grit-S total score were more likely to enter the depression-passive group( B=0.930, OR=2.715, 95% CI=1.206-5.945; B=-0.447, OR=0.572, 95% CI=0.363-0.953; B=-0.201, OR=0.818, 95% CI=0.793-0.844); students with high CPSS total score and low Grit-S and AMHLAQ total scores were easy to enter the contradiction-affinity group( B=-1.752, OR=0.174, 95% CI=0.054-0.562; B=0.087, OR=1.091, 95% CI=1.065-1.118; B=-0.273, OR=0.783, 95% CI=0.752-0.871; B=-0.036, OR=0.965, 95% CI=0.938-0.991); OEI≥4 d and OT <1 h were the protective factors of the stability-sociability group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:There is heterogeneity in the emotional and behavioral characteristics of obese junior high school students, which can be divided into four categories.Living with parents, controlling the length of time on the internet, maintaining a certain intensity of outdoor sports, strengthening stress management and perseverance quality training, and improving mental health literacy can help prevent emotional and behavioral problems.

Abstract Psychological stress is a significant contributing factor for the decline in male sperm quality. In terms of the psychological mechanism, the decline of sperm quality due to psychological stress is associated with increased perceived stress and different coping strategies. External sources of stress can elevate stress perception, then affect sperm quality, while coping strategies may modulate the impact of stress perception on sperm quality. In terms of the physiological mechanism, psychological stress disrupts the normal functioning of the sympathoadrenal system, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to disturbances in the essential endocrine environment for sperm production. This review synthesizes the psychological and physiological mechanisms through which psychological stress influences male sperm quality, providing insights into the prevention and treatment of male infertility.

Objective: To investigate the associations of deficits in prepotent response inhibition with attention deficit and impulsive behavior in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), so as to provide insights into response inhibition training in ADHD to relieve clinical symptoms. Methods: From March to December 2022, 57 children with ADHD were selected from the clinical psychology department of a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou City as the ADHD group, and 55 normal children matched by age and gender were selected from a primary school as the control group. Prepotent response inhibition, attention deficit and impulsive behavior were assessed by inhibition conflict task, visual continuous performance test (CPT) and matching familiar figures test (MFFT), respectively. The associations of deficits in prepotent response inhibition with attention deficit and impulsive behavior were analyzed using multiple linear regression model, and the predictive value of deficits in prepotent response inhibition on ADHD was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The children included in the ADHD group had a mean age of (8.77±1.60) years and 44 males (77.19%), and the children included in the control group had a mean age of (9.20±1.77) years and 42 males (76.36%). The error rate of inhibition conflict task, missing report rate of visual CPT and the number of MFFT errors were higher in the ADHD group than in the control group [22.50% (12.50%) vs. 8.75% (7.00%), 24.00% (30.00%) vs. 7.50% (7.00%), 8.67±3.32 vs. 4.47±3.16; all P<0.05]. Multiple linear regression model showed that the error rate of inhibition conflict task was positively associated with the missing report rate of visual CPT (R2=0.135, β=0.091, P<0.001) and the number of MFFT errors (R2=0.092, β=0.009, P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.891, the sensitivity was 93.00%, the specificity was 80.00%, and the cut-off was 13.13%. Conclusions The deficits in prepotent response inhibition are positively associated with attention deficit and impulsive behavior.

Objective: To evaluate the risk of depressive disorders using memory task indicators, so as to provide insights into clinical assessment of depressive disorders. Methods: A total of 68 patients with depressive disorders undergoing treatments in the departments of psychiatrics and clinical psychology in a tertiary hospital during the period from January to September, 2021 were enrolled as the case group, while a total of 31 hospital employees, social volunteers and university students served as controls. The error rate and response time of classical memory task experiments were compared between the two groups, including implicit memory, short-term memory and working memory tasks. In addition, the predictive indicators of depressive disorders were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis and receiver operative characteristics (ROC) curve. Results: The case group included 29 men and 39 women and had a mean age of (24.12±7.40) years, including 46 subjects with an educational level higher than diploma. The control group included 15 men and 16 women and had a mean age of (26.45±6.65) years, including 23 subjects with an educational level higher than diploma. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed significant associations of age of >18 years (OR=3.431, 95%CI: 1.259-9.350), error rate of 2-back task (OR=1.056, 95%CI: 1.016-1.097) and error rate of short-term memory tasks (OR=1.078, 95%CI: 1.009-1.152) with the development of depressive disorders. ROC curve analysis showed that the error rate of 2-back tasks showed an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.730 (95%CI: 0.630-0.831), cutoff of 22.5%, sensitivity of 42.6% and specificity of 93.5% for prediction of the risk of depressive disorders, and the error rate of short-term memory tasks showed an AUC of 0.717 (95%CI: 0.605-0.829), cutoff of 23.5%, sensitivity of 67.6% and specificity of 71.0% for prediction of the risk of depressive disorders. In addition, the combination of the error rate of 2-back tasks and the error rate of short-term memory tasks showed an AUC of 0.829 (95%CI: 0.734-0.923), sensitivity of 75.0% and specificity of 80.6% for prediction of the risk of depressive disorders. Conclusion Short-term and working memory task indicators are feasible for assessment of the risk of depressive disorders.

Objective: To investigate psychological and behavioral responses and the prevalence of acute stress disorder (ASD) among the injured from a serious road traffic accident. Methods: The injured persons at ages of 7 years and older from a serious road traffic accident were enrolled, and individuals with severe injury were exclude. Participants' gender, age, educational level, marital status, injury severity, family member's injury and death during the accident and psychological and behavioral status were collected. The prevalence of ASD was estimated using a semi-structured interview and the ASD Scale, and the factors affecting the development of ASD were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 132 survivors participated in psychological crisis assessment, including 82 men (62.12%) and 50 women (37.88%) and with a mean age of (46.50±18.57) years. There were 6 participants without obvious trauma (4.54%), 113 with mild injury (85.61%) and 13 with moderate injury (9.85%), and there were 6 participants with death of their family members during this accident. Insomnia, anxiety, flashback and fear were predominant psychological and behavioral responses, with prevalence rates of 42.42%, 35.58%, 26.52% and 23.48%, respectively. The prevalence of ASD was 30.30% among participants, and a higher rate of ASD was detected among women than among men (52.00% vs. 17.07%; χ2=17.940, P<0.001). The detection of ASD was higher among participants with death of their family members than among those without death of their family members (83.33% vs. 26.98%; χ2=8.370, P=0.004), and a higher detection rate of ASD was seen among participants with moderate injury (61.54%; χ2=6.786, P=0.034). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a higher risk of ASD among females (OR=7.764, 95%CI: 3.187-18.915) and those with a high educational level (high school/technical secondary school, OR=6.896, 95%CI: 1.030-46.152; diploma and above, OR=71.583, 95%CI: 4.145-1 236.270). Conclusions Insomnia and anxiety are predominant psychological and behavioral responses following serious road traffic accidents, and women and individuals with a high educational level present a high risk of ASD, which requires to be given timely psychological crisis interventions.

Objective: To analyze the working memory impairment in patients with different degrees of depressive disorder and its influencing factors, so as to provide the basis for the clinical evaluation of cognitive function in patients with depressive disorder. Methods: From January 2019 to November 2020, the patients with depressive disorder were selected in the psychiatry and clinical psychology departments of a tertiary hospital. Demographic information, disease course and medication were collected. Depression subscale ( DEP ) of Mental Health Inventory ( PHI ) was used to measure the degree of depressive disorder. N-back tasks were used to test working memory, with error rate and reaction time as experimental variables to compare the working memory impairment of patients with different degrees of depressive disorder. The multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for working memory impairment in patients with depressive disorder. Results: A total of 75 patients with depressive disorder were included, including 45 mild cases and 30 moderate and severe cases. The error rates of mild cases and moderate and severe cases in the 3-back task were ( 27.47±20.59 )% and ( 39.60±25.95 )%, the response time between the two groups in 0-back, 1-back, 2-back and 3-back task were ( 458.29±104.19 ) ms and ( 527.90±99.58 )ms,( 499.87±85.46 ) ms and ( 574.57±126.25 ) ms, ( 567.44±114.86 ) ms and ( 675.37±137.54 ) ms, ( 663.76±167.99 ) ms and ( 753.27±152.06 ) ms, the differences between two groups were significant ( P<0.05 ). The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the severity of depressive disorder was correlated with the response time of 0-back to 3-back tasks and the error rate of 3-back task; whether patients took medicine or not was depressive disorder correlated with the 0-back task response time ( all P<0.05 ). Conclusion There are differences in working memory impairment among patients with different degrees of depressive disorder and the severity of impairment is correlated with the severity of depressive disorder and the use of antidepressant drugs.

Objective: To examine the relationship between inhibition of ongoing responses deficit with attention deficit and behavior disorder among ADHD children. Methods: Totally 43 children with attention deficit hyperac tivity disorder (ADHD) aged 6-14 years who met the DSM-V criteria for ADHD were recruited. And 38 health children were recruited as the control group. Vision Continuous Performance Task (CPT) and Matching Familiar Figures Test were used to assess attention deficit and behavior disorder feature of the ADHD children. Stop-signal paradigm was used to assess the inhibition of ongoing responses. Results: In the stop-signal paradigm, the ADHD children’s error rate was significantly higher than typically developing children(t=4.34, P<0.01). The ADHD children error rate in the stopsignal task was positively correlated with the wrong number miss rate in CPT task(r=0.45, P<0.01), similar finding was observed in regression analysis,with inhibition of ongoing responses accounted for 20.1% of attention deficit(t=3.21,P<0.01). In ROC curve analysis, the cut-off sore was 15.50 in the task. The error rate in stop-signal task showed no association with miss rate in Matching Familiar Figures Test(r=0.09,P>0.05). Conclusion Inhibition of ongoing responses among ADHD children is associated with attention deficit, but not with existence of behavior disorder.

Objeetive: To learn the sleep behaviors of preschool children and their association with behavioral problems,so as to provide reference for improving sleep quality and behaviors in preschool children. Methods: By stratified random sampling method,the children aged 3-6 years were selected from 11 counties in 5 cities of Zhejiang Province. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 19 items of sleep behaviors, and Achenbach children's behavior Scale（CBCL）was used to evaluate behavior problems. Spearman rank correlation was conducted to analyze the relationship between sleep behaviors and behavioral problems in preschool children. Results : Totally 1 865 preschool children were enrolled,1 732 valid questionnaires were collected,with a response rate of 92.86%. The total score of sleep behaviors in preschool children was 5.87±3.38. The prevalence rates of 19 sleep behaviors ranged from 0.69% to 82.85%;the common behaviors were rejecting quilt cover（82.85%）,grinding teeth（53.35%）,sleep-talking（53.23%）,drooling（52.66%）and snoring（43.07%）. The total score of CBCL was 20.01±14.39. There were 229 children with behavioral problems,accounting for 13.22%. The results of Spearman rank correlation showed that except for sleeping posture and apnea,all the other 17 items of sleep behaviors were correlated with the total score of CBCL（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Preschool children generally have problems in sleep, their sleep behaviors are correlated with behavioral problems.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the usage of mental health assistance hotline during COVID-19 in Zhejiang province from January 25th to February 29th 2020, and summarize the characteristics of the demand for mental health services and the dynamic changes of public mental health status during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The calls related to pandemic were divided into four categories: medical, psychological, information and the others. The secondary categories of psychological calls were determined by text analysis. The number of calls were calculated weekly and the number of various types of calls over time were analyzed. We used stratified random sampling method to extract 600 cases of all kinds of calls related to pandemic and conducted a semantic analysis, through marking new, similar combination to form a feature set, then summed up the call content characteristics of each stage. Two hundred callers were followed up to understand how they felt about the call process in four aspects: the waiting time, call duration, the degree of problem-solving and the way to end the call. RESULTS: In a total of 13 746 calls, 8978 were related to pandemic, among which 12.59%(1130/8978) were about medical issues, 26.50%(2379/8978) were about mental health, 27.18%(2440/8978) were about information regarding the pandemic and 33.74%(3029/8978) were about other pandemic related issues. Pandemic situation, relevant policy release, frequency of advertising campaigns were predictors of the number of calls per day during the pandemic (<0.05 or <0.01). The number of calls differed by gender and identities of callers (both <0.05). Finally 181 callers accepted telephone follow-up. Among them, 51.38%(93/181) of the callers thought that the waiting time was too long, 33.15%(60/181) of the callers thought that the call time was insufficient, 80.66%(146/181) of callers believed that the hotline could partially or completely resolve their concerns, and 39.23%(71/181) of the callers said the operator proposed to end the call. CONCLUSIONS s The changes of the number and content of the mental health assistance hotline calls reflected that the public mental health status experienced four stages during the pandemic: confusion, panic, boredom, and adjustment. The specialized mental health assistance hotlines should be further strengthened, and the efficiency should be improved. Mental health interventions should be tailored and adopted according to the characteristics of the public mental health status at different stages of the pandemic.
China ; epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; Hotlines ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Mental Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Pandemics ; statistics & numerical data ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; Public Health ; statistics & numerical data