Objective To explore the clinical manifestations and ultrasound features of primary high-grade serous carcinoma of the fallopian tube (PHGSC-FT) under the new pathological criteria. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 45 PHGSC-FT patients diagnosed by postoperative pathology at Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from April to June 2023. Clinical data, ultrasound characteristics, and prognosis were analyzed. Results The age of patients was (56.2±10.1) years, with postmenopausal women accounting for 68.9%. The main clinical symptoms were abdominal pain and (or) distension (53.3%), pelvic mass (31.1%), and abnormal vaginal discharge (11.1%). Preoperative ultrasound revealed that 40 cases presented mainly as solid pelvic or abdominal masses (82.5%, 33/40), while 5 cases involved widely disseminated small lesions not describable by ultrasound; 28 lesions had irregular shapes 70.0%. Intraoperative findings showed that the major lesions were located in the ovary in 27 cases (60.0%), fallopian tube in 7 cases (15.6%), extra-adnexal pelvic in 6 cases (13.3%), and widespread disseminated lesions in 5 cases (11.1%). The accuracy rate of ultrasound localization was 82.2%, and the accuracy rate for benign and malignant differential diagnosis was 75.6%. Serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) levels were significantly lower in patients whose primary lesion was located in the fallopian tube than in those with lesions outside the fallopian tube (P＝0.001). FIGO stage Ⅰ: 4 cases (8.9%), stage Ⅱ: 10 cases (22.2%), stage Ⅲ: 23 cases (51.1%), and stage Ⅳ: 8 cases (17.8%), with 3-year survival rates of 75.0%, 80.0%, 56.5%, and 50.0%, respectively. Conclusions PHGSC-FT predominantly occurs in postmenopausal women, and its biological behavior is characterized by “small primary lesion–large metastatic lesion”. Prognosis of these patients is related to FIGO stage; Ultrasound demonstrates high accuracy in localization of large lesions and in determining benign versus malignant nature.

This paper collected a case of conjoined twins admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University in October 2024.The patient was a 28-year-old female.Multiple structural abnormalities of the fetus were detected during the early pregnancy malformation screening.After induced labor，the diagnosis was conjoined twins.This paper elaborated on the characteristics of this case of conjoined twins from two aspects：prenatal ultrasound examination and characteristics of the postpartum specimens，and analyzed the reasons for misdiagnosis.The aim was to improve the comprehensive understanding of conjoined twins and provide reference information for accurate prenatal diagnosis.

This paper collected a case of conjoined twins admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University in October 2024.The patient was a 28-year-old female.Multiple structural abnormalities of the fetus were detected during the early pregnancy malformation screening.After induced labor，the diagnosis was conjoined twins.This paper elaborated on the characteristics of this case of conjoined twins from two aspects：prenatal ultrasound examination and characteristics of the postpartum specimens，and analyzed the reasons for misdiagnosis.The aim was to improve the comprehensive understanding of conjoined twins and provide reference information for accurate prenatal diagnosis.

Objective To explore the clinical value of color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS).Methods The clinical data and ultrasonographic manifestations of 63 cases of UCS proved by operation and pathology in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from January 2003 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical features and characteristics of ultrasound images in UCS were summarized and classified according to their ultrasonographic features.Results It mostly occurred in postmenopausal women (77.8％).The average age of the 63 patients of UCS was (57.7 ± 11.5) years old.The most common symptoms of UCS were postmenopauseal vaginal bleeding (57.1％),menstrual disorders (20.6％),vaginal discharge (11.1％),uterine mass or thickened endometrium (11.1％).Tumor marker CA125 was evaluated in 36 women and found to be elevated in 15 women (41.7％),60％ of which (9/15) was less than 200 U/mL.Six cases (16.7％) of relative higher level of serum CA125 (＞ 200 U/mL) were at advanced stage or with malignant ovarian tumors.The sonographic findings of UCS had three types:Uterine cavity type (71.4％),endometrium type (14.3％),and myometrium type (14.3％).The ultrasonographic characteristics of uterine cavity type and myometrium type were fuzzy boundary,irregular shape,and internal uneven echo.Color doppler flow image showed rich blood signals and low resistance index (0.55 + 0.11) of the surrounding and internal artery of the lesions.The large volume of lesion was the characteristic of myometrium type.Conclusions UCS is a very aggressive and extremely rare tumor with the symptoms of postmenopauseal vaginal bleeding,menstrual disorders,vaginal discharge,et al.There are three types of sonographic findings of UCS:uterine cavity type,endometrium type and myometrium type.To strengthen the understanding of UCS and combined with clinical manifestations,the transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound was helpful to early detection,early diagnosis and making the appropriate treatment.

Objective To assess the changes of humidity and ammonia concentration in rat and mouse individually ventilated cages (IVC) based on macroenvironmental humidity and air ventilation changes .Methods Three kinds of rat and mouse IVC in barrier facilities were set as research objective .The changes of micronvironmental humidity and ammonia concentration at 40 times/h and 60 times /h air changes were detected continuously for a 7-days-cycle relative to low (40%), moderate (50%), and high (60%) macroenvironmental humidity.Results Mouse and rat IVC with 40 times /h air changes under low macroenvironmental humidity condition , mouse IVC with 40 times/h and rat IVC with 60 times/h air changes under moderate macroenvironmental humidity condition , mouse IVC with 60 times /h air changes under high macroenvironmental humidity condition , basically meet the GB14925-2010 requirements.While under macroenvironmental high humidity condition, the microenvironments of rat and mouse IVC with 60 times/h air changes could not satisfy the requirements.Conclusions The environmental humidity and ventilation frequency are the key index of IVC microenvironment.Only on the basis of external environment conditions to set up reasonable IVC ventilation frequency in order to better maintain the IVC microenvironment so that to achieve the goal of effective management .

Objective: To investigate the effects of medicated rat serum containing Gengnianchun (GNC) decoction and its protection to pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) from amyloid beta (Abeta)(25-35)-insulted apoptosis and to find the possible mechanism. Methods: Medicated rat serum was prepared by administering ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with GNC decoction. The effects of medicated rat serum on viability of PC12 cells were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The PC12 cells were cultured with different doses of Abeta(25-35) to induce a model of Alzheimer's disease in vitro. Then, the protective effects of medicated rat serum on Abeta(25-35)-insulted PC12 cells were evaluated by using CCK-8 assay to detect the cell viability, using Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry to detect cell apoptosis rate and using Western blotting assay to analyze the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and active caspase-3 proteins. Results: PC12 cells cultured with 20% medicated rat serum containing GNC decoction for 24 h or 48 h had higher viability than those cultured with normal culture medium (P<0.05). After 24- or 48-hour treatment of different concentrations of Abeta(25-35), cell viabilities were all decreased as compared with normal medium (P<0.05). Cells underwent apoptosis, which showed the neurotoxicity of Abeta(25-35). The cell apoptosis induced by Abeta 25-35 was significantly decreased in PC12 cells which were pretreated with 20% medicated rat serum or nerve growth factor (NGF) according to CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry (P<0.05). The ratio of Bax expression to Bcl-2 expression and the expression of active caspase-3 were decreased in the cells treated with medicated serum or NGF as compared with the cells cultured with Abeta(25-35) only. Conclusion: The GNC-medicated rat serum at concentration of 20% can promote viability of Abeta(25-35)-insulted PC12 cells and decrease the cell apoptosis by regulating the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and active caspase 3.