Objective To explore the change of serum chloride ion(Cl-)level and its relationship with prognosis in patients with acute heart failure(AHF).Methods A total of 289 patients with AHF admitted to the hospital from September 2020 to March 2023 were included in the study.Clinical and laboratory data of patients were collected,serum Cl-levels were detected at admission and discharge,and the difference of Cl-levels was calculated(△Cl-).Patients with AHF were divided into poor prognosis group and good prognosis group according to the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events during follow-up.Clinical and laboratory data of the two groups were compared.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between se-rum △Cl-level and poor prognosis of AHF by using restricted cubic spline(RCS)curve drawn by the func-tions in the rms package.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to analyze the value of△Cl-levels in predicting the risk of adverse cardiovascular events within 1 year of discharge from hospital in patients with AHF.Results The age and the proportion of patients with atrial fibrillation in the poor progno-sis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The levels of left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and Cl-at discharge in the poor prognosis group were lower than those in the good prognosis group,and the levels of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and △Cl-in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group,with statistical sig-nificance(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that LVEF was an independent protective factor for poor prognosis of AHF,and age,BNP and △Cl-levels were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of AHF(P＜0.05).RCS curve analysis showed a significant linear association between △Cl-levels and the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with AHF within 1 year of discharge.ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of △Cl-level in predicting the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in AHF pa-tients within 1 year after discharge was 0.857,the sensitivity was 88.37％,and the specificity was 69.46％.Conclusion The change of serum Cl-level of patients with AHF is related to the prognosis of patients with AHF,and monitoring the serum Cl-level of patients with AHF can guide the early clinical intervention.

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is clinically characterized by insulin resistance,ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenemia,often accompanied by obesity,type 2 diabetes,and dyslipidemia.This article reviews the recent studies on the intervention of PCOS with herbal medicines,including traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)compound formulas and single active compounds.The results demonstrate that both TCM compound formulas and single active compounds are effective on improving PCOS symptoms,with the advantages of multi-target actions and personalized treatment.TCM compound formulas for PCOS can be categorized into kidney-tonifying formulas(e.g.,Antai Fanglou Decoction,Gui Zhu Yikun Formula,Liuwei Dihuang Pills,Bushen Huayu Formula),phlegm-resolving formulas(e.g.,Cang Fu Daotan Decoction,Erchen Decoction),liver-soothing formulas(e.g.,Xiaoyao San,Shaoyao Gancao Decoction),and blood-activating formulas(e.g.,Jiawei Shaoyao Gancao Decoction,Gexia Zhuyu Decoction,Huayu Xiaozheng Decoction).These compound formulas separately exhibit actions of tonifying kidney essence,soothing liver and relieving depression,and activating blood circulation to resolve stasis,which are aligned with the TCM etiology and pathogenesis of PCOS.Single active compounds from herbal medicine primarily include flavonoids,alkaloids,terpenoids and polyphenols.Extractives from herbal medicines exert therapeutic effects by inhibiting ovarian inflammatory responses and relieveing hyperandrogenemia insulin resistance.Key signaling pathways for the intervention of PCOS with TCM include PI3K/AKT/mTOR,SIRT1/AMPK,TLR4/NF-κB,IRS1/PI3K/GLUT4,RIP1/RIP3/MLKL,HMGB1/RAGE,and Hippo-YAP.The review of recent advances in TCM formulas and single active compounds for the treatment of PCOS along with their underlying mechanisms will provide valuable insights for clinical management and new drug development for PCOS.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.