Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a heterogeneous condition defined by a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) >20 mmHg at rest, confirmed via right heart catheterization. PH can be classified into several groups based on underlying mechanisms, and mixed type PH involves overlapping features from different categories. We report a case of a 49-year-old woman with a history of HIV infection and hyperthyroidism who presented with progressive shortness of breath. Transthoracic echocardiography suggested severe pulmonary hypertension, while further evaluation revealed a combination of pre-capillary and post-capillary components, consistent with mixed type PH. Contributing factors included HIV-associated pulmonary vasculopathy and hyperthyroidism-induced high-output cardiac failure. The patient was treated with intravenous Furosemide, Beraprost sodium, Spironolactone, Digoxin, Warfarin, and Omeprazole. During hospitalization, she developed distributive shock requiring norepinephrine infusion. This case highlights the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluation to identify multifactorial causes of PH, especially in patients with coexisting HIV infection and hyperthyroidism. Management strategies should be tailored to address the complex interplay of underlying conditions while considering drug interactions and local therapeutic resources.

The aim of this study was to determine the genotoxicity of a locally produced nanocomposite by Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia using Comet assay. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) were treated with the nanocomposite at five different concentrations (0.006, 0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/ml) along with concurrent negative (medium alone) and positive control (zinc sulfate heptahydrate) and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours in an incubator at 5% CO2. The tail moment was used to assess the extent of DNA damage. The tail moment for the group of SHED treated with nanocomposite (for all the five different concentrations) was not statistically significant as compared to the negative control, suggesting that the locally produced dental nanocomposite did not induce any DNA damage. Hence, it can be concluded that the locally produced nanocomposite is non-genotoxic on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth.