Objective To discuss the signficance using nutrtional risk screening (NRS) to evaluate nutritional status in patients with severe stroke .In the meantime compare the clinical application value between enteral and parenteral nutritional support therapies .Methods A retrospective survey was adopted to analyze the nutritional status in 267 patients with severe stroke .Their nutritional statuses were evaluated by NRS 2002 nutrtional risk screening . Patients were divided into three groups ,including enteral nutrition (EN) group ,parenteral nutrition (PN) group and EN+ PN group based on the type of their nutritional support .By comparing changes of indicators before and after of adiministration of nutritional support ,the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions for each group were evaluated .Results In EN group and EN+ PN group total protein and albu-min level were significantly increased after 10 days nutritional support (P<0 .05) .Small changes in patients'liver and kidney function indices in EN group .The incidence of co-infection was 16 .67% in EN group ,which was lowest among three groups . Conclusion Enteral nutrition support could not only improve the nutritional status of patients with severe stroke ,but also could reduce the incidence of infections and gastrointestinal complications .It significantly improves the prognosis of patients .

Objective To compare the influence of carbapenems such as biapenem and meropenem on valproic acid( VPA)blood concentration. Methods The clinical data of patients with symptomatic epilepsy and infections who were hospitalized in Suzhou Municipal Hospital during January 2008 to December 2013,and received concomitant therapy with VPA and biapenem or meropenem were collected and analyzed retrospectively. These patients were divided into biapenem group and meropenem group. The information of general clinical data and medication were recorded. VPA blood concentration,seizures and clinical treatment before and after the combination with carbapenems were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 79 cases were enrolled in the analysis. Six patients were treated with meropenem and biapenem successively at more than one month intervals,clinical data during the period of different carbapenems use were included in different groups. There were 37 cases in the biapenem group and 48 cases in the meropenem group;clinical data had no statistical significance between the 2 groups. The VPA blood concentration of biapenem group and meropenem group were significantly decreased. The VPA blood concentrations in biapenem group were higher than that of meropenem group(13. 3 ± 6. 2)mg/L vs(10. 7 ± 7. 0)mg/L,P= 0. 046). The mean decrease of VPA blood concentrations in biapenem group was also less than that of meropenem group(70. 6 ± 9. 6% vs 78. 8 ± 8. 8%,P=0. 010). The VPA blood concentrations of six patients treated with meropenem and biapenem successively were significantly decreased. The blood concentrations were also higher when combined with biapenem compared to meropenem. The rate of seizures had no significant difference between the 2 groups( 29. 7% vs 35. 4%,P =0. 749 ). Conclusions Both biapenem and meropenem could decrease VPA blood concentrations significantly. Biapenem had less impact on VPA blood concentration compared to meropenem,but also increased the risk of seizures.

Objective To compare the influence of carbapenems such as biapenem and meropenem on valproic acid( VPA)blood concentration. Methods The clinical data of patients with symptomatic epilepsy and infections who were hospitalized in Suzhou Municipal Hospital during January 2008 to December 2013,and received concomitant therapy with VPA and biapenem or meropenem were collected and analyzed retrospectively. These patients were divided into biapenem group and meropenem group. The information of general clinical data and medication were recorded. VPA blood concentration,seizures and clinical treatment before and after the combination with carbapenems were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 79 cases were enrolled in the analysis. Six patients were treated with meropenem and biapenem successively at more than one month intervals,clinical data during the period of different carbapenems use were included in different groups. There were 37 cases in the biapenem group and 48 cases in the meropenem group;clinical data had no statistical significance between the 2 groups. The VPA blood concentration of biapenem group and meropenem group were significantly decreased. The VPA blood concentrations in biapenem group were higher than that of meropenem group(13. 3 ± 6. 2)mg/L vs(10. 7 ± 7. 0)mg/L,P= 0. 046). The mean decrease of VPA blood concentrations in biapenem group was also less than that of meropenem group(70. 6 ± 9. 6% vs 78. 8 ± 8. 8%,P=0. 010). The VPA blood concentrations of six patients treated with meropenem and biapenem successively were significantly decreased. The blood concentrations were also higher when combined with biapenem compared to meropenem. The rate of seizures had no significant difference between the 2 groups( 29. 7% vs 35. 4%,P =0. 749 ). Conclusions Both biapenem and meropenem could decrease VPA blood concentrations significantly. Biapenem had less impact on VPA blood concentration compared to meropenem,but also increased the risk of seizures.

Objective: To study the contents and constituents of LSPC (procyanidins from Lotus Seedpod) and its chemoprophylactic effects on 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA)-induced golden hamsters buccal-pouch carcinomas. Methods: ESI-MS was used to analyze LSPC, and the change of body weight, mortality during test, and the value of serum MDA, GSH-Px, T-SOD,the gross and pathological change of buccal-pouch mucosa were investigated when golden hamsters were via gastric intubation or the buccal pouch mucosa was smeared with 100mg/(kg bw?d)LSPC. Results and conclusion: The contents of LSPC exceeded 98% and mono-, di-, tri-, tetrameric procyanidins as well as di-, trimeric galic ester were constituted of LSPC with molecular weight ranging from 290-1154. LSPC had chemoprophylactic effects on DMBA-induced golden hamsters buccal-pouch carcinomas, and the effect was superior through smearing LSPC rather then via gastric intubation .