Background: Bone mineral density (BMD) is a key indicator reflecting bone strength and resistance to fracture. It is influenced by multiple factors, including age, sex, genetic background, body composition, nutrition, and physical activity. During young adulthood, peak bone mass is actively formed; therefore, identifying early variations in this period is essential for predicting future skeletal health risks. Accordingly, assessing BMD and evaluating its relationship with physical characteristics among first-year nursing students provides a scientific rationale for this study. Aim: To examine the relationship between bone mineral density and selected physical parameters among students. Materials and Methods: A total of 297 first-year students aged 17-35 years from the School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences were included. Bone mineral density was assessed by measuring the speed of sound through the radius using an ultrasound bone densitometry device. Handgrip strength was measured using an electronic dynamometer. Physical parameters including age, sex, height, and body weight were measured using standardized procedures, and statistical analysis was performed. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of MNUMS on November 21, 2025 (No. 26/1) and March 28, 2026 (No. 26/03-B02), with no ethical violations identified. Results: According to T-scores, 37.1% (n=110) of participants had normal bone status and 62.9% (n=187) showed reduced bone density. Based on Z-scores, 52.5% (n=159) were normal, while 45.6% (n=138) had decreased values. T-score values were 1.87±0.69 (<20 years), 1.44±0.55 (20–30 years), and 1.10±0.31 (>30 years), while Z-score values were −0.73±1.38, −0.43±1.23, and −0.02±1.27, respectively. ANOVA analysis revealed statistically significant differences among age groups (p<0.01). A positive correlation was observed between T-score and age, whereas no significant correlations were found with other physical parameters. Z-score showed a positive correlation with handgrip strength. Conclusions 1. A high prevalence of reduced bone mineral density was observed among the students, which may be associated with incomplete attainment of peak bone mass in adolescents and young adults. 2. A significant difference in bone mineral density was found between age groups (p<0.01), indicating that age is an important factor influencing bone mineral density.

Introduction: Cancer arises from abnormal cells nonstop divide in an uncontrolled way and without stopping. In GLOBOCAN reported that 14.1 million new cancer cases, 8.2 million cancer deaths and 32.6 million people suffering with cancer in 2012 worldwide. Among the world, a surgical, radiation and chemotherapy maintains the cancer treatment within their combination, and moreover, scientists believe that, in order to enhance the result and come up with better spotlight therapeutic outcome, immunotherapy should be added within combination of surgical, radiation and chemotherapy. Objective: To identify the immune ability of mononuclear cells in peripheral blood, and to study their cytolytic activity on cancer cellular line. Materials and method: Cytolytic activity assay was done with healthy human's PBMCs induced by non specific mytogen phytohemaglutinin L (PHA) of 10ul/ml, 5ul/ml, 2.5ul/ml dosage, and cultured with SP2Myeloma cell line. Then live cells and death cells analyzed with MTT assay and Propidium iodide, respectively, as well as CD+25 cells analyzed with Apogee flow cytometry at 24.48 and 72 hours of uncubation at 5% CO2, 37 C0. Result: Cancer Inhibition rate of mononuclear cells in blood (inhibition rate %) was assessed by МТТ assay and the culture of control group of mononuclear cells and myeloma cells’ median was (OD=0.36±0.05) while Phytohemaglutinin induced group’s result in 72 hours was (OD=0.31±0.03) which suggests that linear cells mononuclear cell’s mixture rate is 86.1%. Dead cell’s number assessed by Propidiumiodid (Cell toxicity assay) shows the result of control group’s cell death (10.68±2.1%), while Phytohemaglutinin induced group it was 20-25% which is statistically significant. (p<0.05). Cancer elimination activity assessed by СD25+ Т cells and the result of CD25+ Т number activated by Phytohemaglutinin (152-282 cell/µl), in control group (26cell/µl) which is statistically significant(p<0.001). Conclusion: 1. Myeloma SP2/0 cell line is inhibited the growth by peripheral mononuclear cells and it is not dependent dosage of Phytohemaglutinin. 2. Death of cell assessed by propidium iodide, control group’s cell death 10.68±2.1%, while Phytohemaglutinin induced group it was 20-25% which is statistically significant (p<0.05). 3. Cancer elimination activation assessed by СD25+ Т cells shows the result of CD25+ Т number activated by Phytohemaglutinin (152-282cell/µl), in control group (26cell/µl) which is statistically significant(p<0.001).