Objective To identify the potential categories and influencing factors of apathy in stroke patients,providing a basis for precise typing and individualized interventions by healthcare professionals.Methods Using the convenience sampling method,stroke patients from 2 tertiary hospitals in Xinjiang Uggur Automous Region were selected from November 2023 to August 2024,and were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire,Apathy Evaluation Scale-Informant,Perceived Autonomy Scale,and Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire.The latent profile analysis was used to identify potential categories of apathy,and logistic regression analysis was used to explore the differences in the characteristics of patients in different categories.Results The apathy symptoms of 521 stroke patients could be divided into 3 potential categories:mild apathy group(23.6％),moderate apathy-low interest-low behavioral group(46.5％),and heavy apathy-low interest-low cognitive group(29.9％).Logistic regression showed that age 45～＜60 years,duration of the disease＜6 months,and high rehabilitation self-efficacy were the common protective factors of the moderate apathy-low interest-low behavioral group and the heavy apathy-low interest-low cognitive group.The dependence on activities of daily living was a risk factor for the moderate apathy-low interest-low behavioral group,and high perception of autonomy was a protective factor for the heavy apathy-low interest-low cognitive group.Conclusion Apathy symptoms in stroke patients are characterized by distinct categories,which are influenced by age,stroke duration,ADL,rehabilitation self-efficacy,and perception of autonomy.Healthcare professionals should adopt effective strategies to precisely intervene based on different potential categories of protective factors and risk factors to alleviate their apathy.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the expression levels of serum cyclophilin A （CyPA） and cyclophilin D （CyPD） with the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke （AIS）. Methods A total of 170 patients with first-episode AIS who attended Department of Neurology， The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University， from October 2023 to June 2024 were enrolled as AIS group， and 60 non-AIS patients who were admitted during the same period of time were enrolled as control group. Clinical data were collected， and ELISA was used to measure the serum levels of CyPA and CyPD. For AIS patients， National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS） score and modified Rankin Scale （mRS） score were used to assess neurological deficits on admission and on day 90 after onset； the Fatigue， Resistance， Ambulation， Illnesses， and Loss of Weight （FRAIL） scale was used to evaluate the status of frailty； the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the correlation of the serum levels of CyPA and CyPD with neurological dysfunction at 3 months after the onset of AIS. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to assess the value of the serum levels of CyPA and CyPD in predicting neurological dysfunction in AIS patients at 3 months. Results The AIS group had significantly higher serum levels of CyPA and CyPD than the control group （P<0.001）. The Spearman correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of serum CyPA and CyPD were significantly positively correlated with NIHSS score （P<0.001）. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the expression levels of serum CyPA and CyPD were independent influencing factors for neurological deterioration at 3 months after the onset of AIS （P<0.05）. The ROC curve analysis showed that serum CyPA and CyPD used alone or in combination had an area under the ROC curve of 0.875 （95%CI 0.824‒0.926， P<0.001）， 0.790 （95% CI 0.718‒0.862， P<0.001）， and 0.898 （95% CI 0.851‒0.944， P<0.001）， respectively， in predicting short-term adverse prognosis in AIS patients. Conclusion Serum CyPA and CyPD are independent influencing factors for the prognosis of AIS， and their combination has a certain value in predicting the prognosis of AIS.
Prognosis

Objective To identify the potential categories and influencing factors of apathy in stroke patients,providing a basis for precise typing and individualized interventions by healthcare professionals.Methods Using the convenience sampling method,stroke patients from 2 tertiary hospitals in Xinjiang Uggur Automous Region were selected from November 2023 to August 2024,and were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire,Apathy Evaluation Scale-Informant,Perceived Autonomy Scale,and Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire.The latent profile analysis was used to identify potential categories of apathy,and logistic regression analysis was used to explore the differences in the characteristics of patients in different categories.Results The apathy symptoms of 521 stroke patients could be divided into 3 potential categories:mild apathy group(23.6％),moderate apathy-low interest-low behavioral group(46.5％),and heavy apathy-low interest-low cognitive group(29.9％).Logistic regression showed that age 45～＜60 years,duration of the disease＜6 months,and high rehabilitation self-efficacy were the common protective factors of the moderate apathy-low interest-low behavioral group and the heavy apathy-low interest-low cognitive group.The dependence on activities of daily living was a risk factor for the moderate apathy-low interest-low behavioral group,and high perception of autonomy was a protective factor for the heavy apathy-low interest-low cognitive group.Conclusion Apathy symptoms in stroke patients are characterized by distinct categories,which are influenced by age,stroke duration,ADL,rehabilitation self-efficacy,and perception of autonomy.Healthcare professionals should adopt effective strategies to precisely intervene based on different potential categories of protective factors and risk factors to alleviate their apathy.