In addition to regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism to maintain strong bones, vitamin D also has immune regulating and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, it is related to chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Many studies indicate the roles of vitamin D in the development and progression of endometriosis including the effects on modulation of immune responses, inflammation reactions, cell proliferation and apoptosis, angiogenesis, adhesion and invasion. Vitamin D supplementation can relieve pain and improve endometrial receptivity associated with endometriosis and play a preventive and therapeutic role. This paper summarizes the roles of vitamin D in endometriosis.
Autoimmune Diseases ; physiopathology ; Endometriosis ; physiopathology ; Endometrium ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; physiopathology ; Vitamin D ; immunology ; metabolism

No abstract available.
Adult ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/*urine ; Diagnostic Errors ; Endometriosis/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocytes/immunology/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy Tests

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect and mechanism of Jiawei Foshou San on the accretion ectopic endometrium of rats.

METHODEndometriosis model was established by surgical implant of endometrial tissue which belongs to its body in rats. Jiawei Foshou San was administrated to the model rats. Twenty-eight days later, the length of ectopic endometrium was measured by vernier caliper, the spleen was weighed by electronic balance, the content of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in blood serum and peritoneal fluid was detected by ELISA test, the expression of interleukin (IL)-8 in ectopic endometrium was detected by immunohistochemical method, the expression of NF-kappaB p65 protein and inhibitory KBalpha (IkappaBalpha) protein in ectopic endometrium were analyzed by western blot.

RESULTJiawei Foshou San 0.045, 0.09, 0.18 g x kg(-1) group reduced the volume of ectopic endometrium. Jiawei Foshou San 0.18 g x kg(-1) group raised the spleen exponent of model rats. Jiawei Foshou San 0.09, 0.18 g x kg(-1) group decreased the content of TNF-alpha in blood serum and peritoneal fluid, and the content of IL-8 in ectopic endometrium was also decreased. Jiawei Foshou San can decrease the expression of NF-KB p65 and increase the expression of IkappaBalpha in ectopic endometrium.

CONCLUSIONJiawei Foshou San can inhibit the accretion of endometriosis implants of rats, and its mechanism might be associated with improving the environment of body.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; Endometrium ; drug effects ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Cystitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometriosis ; immunology ; pathology ; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Intestines ; pathology ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Male ; Metaplasia ; pathology ; Racemases and Epimerases ; metabolism ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Uterine Diseases ; immunology ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of laparoscopic surgery on the immune function of patients with endometriosis.

METHODBlood samples were obtained from 36 patients undergoing laparoscopy for endometriosis before and 1 day and 3 days after the operation. Peripheral blood T-cell subsets CD3, CD4, and CD8 were determined with flow cytometry, the levels of IgM, IgG, IgA, Complement (C)3, C4, C-reactive protein and (CRP) were detected with turbidimetry, and the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSNo significant variation were found in the T-cell subsets, IgM, IgA, C4 after the operation (P>0.05). The levels of IgG and C3 1 day after the operation were significantly lower than the preoperative levels (P<0.05) and nearly recovered the preoperative level 3 days after operation. Serum concentration of IL-6, TNF-alpha, and CRP 1 day after the operation were significantly higher than the preoperative levels (P<0.01) and decreased 3 days after the operation.

CONCLUSIONSThe immune function of patients with endometriosis is mildly affected by laparoscopic surgery and recover rapidly, which may be one of the reasons for quick recovery of patients after laparoscopy for endometriosis.

Adult ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; CD3 Complex ; blood ; CD4 Antigens ; blood ; CD8 Antigens ; blood ; Complement C3 ; analysis ; Endometriosis ; blood ; immunology ; surgery ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Laparoscopy ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood ; Young Adult

Cytokines ; immunology ; Embolism ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometriosis ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical efficacy of Tiaomian Huayu Decoction (THD) in treating patients with endometriosis.

METHODSPatients in the treated group were administered with THD, those in the control group were given provera. T-cell sub-population including CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8 ratio, and natural killer (NK) cell in peripheral blood in the two groups before and after treatment were determined.

RESULTSAmong the 66 patients in the treated group, the treatment results was cured in 10, significantly effective in 22, effective in 25 and ineffective in 9, the total effective rate was 86.4%, while of the 30 in the control group, the corresponding number was 2, 6, 12, 10 and 66.7%, which was significantly different from that in the treated group respectively (P<0.05). The levels of CD4 and CD4/CD8 ratio were higher, CD8 and NK were lower in the treated group than those in the normal group before treatment (P < 0.01), while these indexes were restored to some extent but still did not reach the normal level after treatment. All the above-mentioned indexes in the control group were insignificantly changed after treatment (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONTHD has definite effect in treating endometriosis, and it can also regulate the immune function of patients.

Adult ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Xiaochaihu Decoction (XCHD) on ectopic endometrium in rats with endometriosis and its mechanism.

METHODSThe rat model of endometriosis was established and rats were divided into 5 groups, the low dosage of XCHD group (5 g x kg(-1) x d(-1) , n = 10) , the medium dosage of XCHD group (10 g x kg(-1) x d(-1), n =10), the high dosage of XCHD group (15 g x kg(-1) x d(-1), n = 10) , the danazol group(0. 1 g x kg(-1) x d(-1), n =9) and the control group(20 ml x kg(-1) x d(-1) distilled water, n = 10). After treated for four successive weeks, the effect of XCHD on ectopic endometrium was evaluated by observing the changes in transmission electron microscopy. Fas and Caspase-3 protein expression in endometrium and endometriotic tissue were observed by immunohistochemistry method.

RESULTSEctopic endometrial growth was markedly inhibited (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01) in all the XCHD groups; Fas and Caspase-3 protein expressions of ectopic endometrial tissue were higher than those in the endometrium.

CONCLUSIONXCHD could inhibit the growth of the ectopic endometrium in rats with experimentally induced endometriosis. The therapeutic mechanism may be related to promoting the apoptosis in ectopic endometrial tissue by increasing Fas protein expression.

Animals ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Endometrium ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Female ; Rats ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of combined therapy of Neiyi pill (NP) and Neiyi enema (NE) on endometriosis and its effect on serum levels of endometrial antibody (EMAB) and carcinoembryonic antigen 125 (CA125).

METHODSFifty-eight cases with endometriosis were divided into 3 groups randomly, group A (n = 16) treated by NP, group B (n = 24) treated by NP and NE, and group C (n = 18) treated by danazol, all for 3 menstrual cycle with single blind method. The effect was observed and the serum levels of EMAB and CA125 were detected before and after treatment.

RESULTSComparison of the efficacy between the 3 groups showed: there was no remarkable difference between group A and B (P >0.05), both of group A and group B were superior to that of group C (P<0.05). The levels of EMAB and CA125 had no significant changes in all the three groups after treatment.

CONCLUSIONCombined therapy of NP and NE could improve the curative effect on endometriosis, and without obvious effects on serum levels of EMAB and CA125.

Administration, Rectal ; Adult ; Autoantibodies ; blood ; CA-125 Antigen ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Endometriosis ; blood ; drug therapy ; Endometrium ; immunology ; Enema ; Female ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; Single-Blind Method ; Tablets

OBJECTIVETo observe the mechanism of Quyujiedu (QYJD, a method for removing stasis and detoxicating) in treating endometriosis of stasis-toxic syndrome type.

METHODSClinical study: Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups, the treated group treated with QYJD and the control group treated with Danazol. The changes of clinical symptoms, physical signs, pregnancy rate, as well as levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and endometrial antibody (EMAb) in them before and after treatment were observed. Experimental study: Sixty rats were established into endometriosis model, and randomly divided into the QYJD treated group, the Danazol treated group for positive control and the untreated group for negative control to observe the expression of Bax.

RESULTSClinical study showed that in the treated group and the control group, after treatment, dysmenorrhea score were 2.40 +/- 1.85 and 3.47 +/- 2.03, the menoxenia score 1.67 +/- 2.04 and 3.73 +/- 1.72 (P < 0.05), and the pregnancy rate 63.2% and 23.5% respectively, the difference between them was significant (all P < 0.05). Both of the two treatments can rectify immunity, reduce levels of IL-1 and IL-6, and lower the positive rate of EMAb. Experimental study showed that QYJD could improve the expression of Bax in ectopic endometrium, but could not affect the on-side expression of Bax in endometrium and muscle tissue.

CONCLUSIONQYJD is effective in improving the stasis-toxic syndrome of endometriosis, its mechanism related with the regulation of the immune condition and the promotion of cell apoptosis in ectopic endometrium, indicating that QYJD is an effective remedy for endometriosis of stasis-toxic syndrome type.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Autoantibodies ; blood ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Endometrium ; immunology ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-1 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley