Purpose: To analyze risk factors and various nutrients associated with stunting among children aged 6–60 months. Methods: This is a case-control and cross-sectional study between 40 stunting cases and 40 controls. Data on possible risk factors associated with stunting were obtained through direct interviews and using a questionnaire. Examination of vitamin D, zinc, albumin, and ferritin levels was performed on both groups. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA) to determine risk factors for stunting and to assess the relationship between nutritional levels and stunting. Results: The incidence of stunting was highest in children aged 12–36 months. Children with low weight and very low weight for age comprised of 55% and 22.5%, respectively, of the study participants. The highest mother's educational level was junior high school (40%).History of low birth weight (LBW) was more commonly observed in the stunting group than that in the control group (25.0% and 7.5%, respectively; p=0.034, odds ratio, 0.310 [95% confidence interval, 0.122–0.789]). Approximately 7.5% of cases had premature birth.Exclusive breast feeding was found to be not correlated with stunting. The mean zinc level in the stunting group was 34.17 ng/mL, which was different from that in the control group (50.83 ng/mL) (p=0.023). Blood ferritin, vitamin D, albumin, and calcium levels were not strongly correlated with stunting. Conclusion LBW is the main risk factor contributing to stunting and is strongly associated with low zinc level.

Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but serious complication of long-term peritoneal dial- ysis (PD) that is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. EPS has been previously referred to as sclerosing peritonitis, sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis or the ‘abdominal cocoon’. EPS is character- ised by diffuse thickening and sclerosis of the peritoneal membrane which leads to a decrease in ultra- filtration, ascites and ultimately partial or complete small bowel obstruction. The aetiology of EPS is unknown but it has been reported to be closely associated with the duration on PD, recurrent peritoni- tis, high transporter status and use of high concentration of glucose dialysis solutions. Stopping or switching from PD seems to be another trigger factor. Several treatment options including oestrogen and immunosuppressive therapy have been tried, but the mortality remains high at approximately 50%. In some cases, surgery has been attempted but this is associated with high morbidity and mor- tality. Supportive therapy includes nutritional support with total parenteral nutrition. EPS needs to be diagnosed early and one has to have a high index of suspicion. We report three cases of EPS in patients on PD with different presentation of EPS, their treatment and a brief literature review.