AIM: To explore the spatiotemporal distribution and the association with environmental factors of age-related cataract in Yushu, Qinghai Province from January 2023 to March 2025.METHODS:A total of 1 121 patients with age-related cataract admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to March 2025 were collected, 121 patients were excluded according to the exclusion criteria, and finally 1 000 patients living in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province were included, with an average age of 71.45±8.25 years. ArcGIS10.2 was used to draw the spatiotemporal distribution map of age-related cataract in each county of Yushu, Qinghai Province, and OpenGeoda was used for global spatial autocorrelation analysis. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between environmental factors and the incidence of age-related cataract. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of age-related cataract. LCA(Mplus 7.4 software)was used to compare the differences in factor distribution characteristics.RESULTS:There were 438 cases in 2023, 472 cases in 2024, and 90 cases in 2025 among the 1 000 cases of age-related cataract. The spatiotemporal distribution map of age-related cataract in each county of Yushu, Qinghai Province showed that the incidence rate was the highest in Qumalai County and Zhiduo County, followed by Chengduo County and Yushu City, and the lowest in Nangqian County and Zaduo County. The spatial distribution presented a incidence feature of high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The highest number of confirmed cases was from July to September 2023 and 2024, accounting for 31.90% of the study population, which might be related to the peak of ultraviolet radiation intensity in the summer on the plateau. The global autocorrelation Moran's I coefficient showed that the spatial distribution characteristics of age-related cataract at the county level presented a bimodal distribution, with all Moran's I coefficients being positive. The incidence of age-related cataract in each year had a spatial positive correlation(P<0.05). The peaks were in July to September 2023 and 2024, with values of 0.423 and 0.451, respectively. The annual average ultraviolet radiation, altitude, and annual average PM2.5 concentration positively correlated with age-related cataract(all P<0.05), while the annual average temperature and annual precipitation negatively correlated with age-related cataract. However, only the annual average temperature significantly correlated with age-related cataract(P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, the correlations remained stable(P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the annual average ultraviolet radiation, altitude, annual average temperature, and annual average PM2.5 concentration were independent influencing factors for age-related cataract(all P<0.05). LCA showed that the effects of annual average ultraviolet radiation, altitude, annual average temperature, and annual average PM2.5 concentration on age-related cataract were heterogeneous.CONCLUSION:From January 2023 to March 2025, there were obvious spatiotemporal characteristics and distribution patterns of age-related cataract in Yushu, Qinghai Province. Temporally, the number of confirmed cases reached the peak in July to September each year. Spatially, the incidence rates in each county were significantly different, presenting a distribution feature of high in the northwest and low in the southeast. In addition, ultraviolet radiation, altitude, temperature, and PM2.5 concentration are important environmental factors affecting the incidence of age-related cataract in Yushu, Qinghai Province.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between perioperative myocardial injury(PMI)and serum N/OFQ levels in elderly patients with coronary heart disease.Methods Totally 120 elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery under general anesthesia from January 2022 to May 2023 were included,including 60 patients with coronary heart disease(CHD group)and 60 patients without coronary heart disease(control group).The venous blood of patients was collected 10 minutes before anesthesia induction(T0),12 hours after surgery(T1)and 24 hours after surgery(T2)to detect the content of N/OFQ and high-sensitivity myocardial troponin I(hs-cTnI)in serum.Record perioperative adverse cardiovascular events(PACE)and the use of vasoactive drugs during surgery.Results Compared with the control group,the N/OFQ and hs cTnI levels at T0 and T1 in the CHD group were significantly increased(P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between N/OFQ and hs-cTnI levels at T1 and T2 in CHD and control group(P<0.05).The use of PACE and intraoperative vasoactive drugs in the CHD group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion There is a correlation between the increased N/OFQ content and PMI in elderly patients with coronary heart disease after surgery,which may become an early predictive indicator of PMI.