OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of 15 children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) treated with blinatumomab, and summarize the efficacy and safety of blinatumomab in the treatment of pediatric B-ALL. METHODS: Fifteen children who received treatment with blinatumomab from February 2022 to January 2023 were enrolled in this study. One course (28 days) of blinatumomab concurrent with intrathecal chemotherapy was given according to the standard regimen, except for 2 cases who had shortened course of treatment due to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and did not receive combined intrathecal chemotherapy, and 1 case had a shortened course of treatment due to economic problems. The efficacy and safety of the treatment were evaluated. RESULTS: In terms of efficacy, for the children who had achieved complete molecular remission (CMR) before treatment, blinatumomab treatment could effectively maintain CMR status; For the children who did not achieve CMR, the CMR rate after one standard course of treatment with blinatumomab reached 66.7%(4/6); For the children with relapsed/refractory ALL (R/R ALL) who had minimal residual disease (MRD), the MRD clearance rate reached 75.0%(3/4). The statistical results of the incidence of adverse events showed that 13.3%(2/15) of the children did not experience any adverse events. The most common adverse events were cytokine release syndrome (CRS) (73.3%, 11/15) and transaminase elevation (26.7%, 4/15); 33.3%(5/15) of the children experienced grade 3 or higher adverse events. All the adverse events were resolved after symptomatic treatment.The level of IgG decreased significantly after 4-7 weeks of treatment with blinatumomab, and gradually recovered after 8 weeks of treatment. CONCLUSION Blinatumomab can be used as a safe and effective treatment for inducing deep remission in pediatric R/R-ALL patients and as a bridge therapy for the pediatric ALL patients who are intolerant to chemotherapy.
Humans ; Antibodies, Bispecific/therapeutic use* ; Child ; Retrospective Studies ; Female ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy* ; Remission Induction ; Treatment Outcome ; Child, Preschool ; Adolescent ; Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy*

Objective To investigate the efficacy of acupuncture therapy combined with acupoint patching in alleviating chronic pelvic pain,a sequela of pelvic inflammatory disease(SPID-CPP).Methods A total of 120 SPID-CPP patients attending our hospital between January 2022 and November 2024 were enrolled and randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group,with 60 patients in each group.Both groups received conventional lifestyle guidance and anti-infection therapy.The control group received only acupuncture therapy,while the observation group received acupuncture combined with acupoint patching therapy.The duration of treatment was identical for both groups.The treatment effect,levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),white blood cell count(WBC),neutrophil percentage(NEUT),fibrinogen(FIB)level,quality-of-life scores,and visual analog scale(VAS)pain scores were compared between the experimental and control groups.Results The treatment efficacy rate of the experimental group was 93.00%,while that of the control group was only 73.33%,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Following therapy,the hs-CRP,WBC,NEUT,and VAS ratings of both the control and experimental groups decreased.Furthermore,findings of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The quality-of-life score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture combined with acupoint patching demonstrates significant efficacy in treating SPID-CPP.This combined therapy effectively reduces pain in SPID-CPP patients,decreases serum levels of inflammatory factors,and significantly improves patients'quality of life.

As a novel form of cell death, ferroptosis is mainly regulated by the accumulation of soluble iron ions in the cytoplasm and the production of lipid peroxides and is closely associated with several diseases, including acute kidney injury, ischemic reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. The term "immunosuppression" refers to various factors that can directly harm immune cells' structure and function and affect the synthesis, release, and biological activity of immune molecules, leading to the insufficient response of the immune system to antigen production, failure to successfully resist the invasion of foreign pathogens, and even organ damage and metabolic disorders. An immunosuppressive phase commonly occurs in the progression of many ferroptosis-related diseases, and ferroptosis can directly inhibit immune cell function. However, the relationship between ferroptosis and immunosuppression has not yet been published due to their complicated interactions in various diseases. Therefore, this review deeply discusses the contribution of ferroptosis to immunosuppression in specific cases. In addition to offering new therapeutic targets for ferroptosis-related diseases, the findings will help clarify the issues on how ferroptosis contributes to immunosuppression.
Ferroptosis/immunology* ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance/immunology* ; Animals ; Immunosuppression Therapy ; Iron/metabolism* ; Neoplasms/immunology*

The clinical characteristics of a neonatal patient with movement disorder and arthrogryposis (NDEEMA) caused by gain-of-function mutation of the SCN1A gene were reported in this article. The 1-year-and-9-month-old boy started seizures since 2 hours after birth. He had funnel-breast, dislocation of the hip, and bipedal varus. Genetic testing showed SCN1A gene de novo missense mutation c.706A>G(p.Ile236Val), causing overall gain-of-function effect. The frequency of seizures decreased significantly after treatment of oxcarbazepine.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of Internet addiction(IA)in adolescents with depression and explore its relationship with impulsivity and aggressive personality traits.Methods:A total of 71 adolescent patients with depressive disorders were recruited from the Child Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic of Peking University Sixth Hospital between April 2021 and November 2022 (15 males, 56 females; median age 14 [13, 15] years) as the depressive disorder group. Additionally, 83 healthy adolescents (27 males, 56 females; median age 14 [13, 17] years) were recruited as the control group during the same period. Internet addiction was assed using the Chinese version of Young′s Internet Addiction Test (YIAT), with a total score≥50 indicating internet addiction. Impulsivity was evaluated using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11(BIS-11), and aggression was measured with the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire(BPAQ). Differences in internet addiction, impulsivity, and aggression between the depression group and the control group were analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between internet addiction and impulsivity, aggression. Hierarchical linear regression models were used to analyze the factors influencing internet addiction, and a parallel mediation model was used to examine the mediating effect of impulsivity and aggressive personality traits in the relationship between depressive disorders and internet addiction.Results:The prevalence of IA was significantly higher in adolescents with depression than the healthy control group [57.75%(41/71) vs 31.33%(26/83); χ 2=10.87, P<0.001]. Adolescents with depressive disorders also exhibited higher impulsivity (65.5±9.2 vs 57.0±9.2, t=-5.72, P<0.001) and aggression (56.3±16.0 vs 42.4±15.1, t=-5.13, P<0.001) compared to the control group. Internet addiction was positively correlated with aggression ( r=0.47, P<0.01) and impulsivity ( r=0.57, P<0.01). Hierarchical regression analysis with the YIAT total score as the dependent variable revealed that impulsivity ( β=0.48, P<0.001) and aggression ( β=0.24, P<0.001) significantly predicted internet addiction. Mediation analysis indicated that depressive disorders indirectly indirectly influenced internet addiction through parallel paths of impulsivity and aggression, with a total indirect effect of 0.543 (95% CI: 0.362-0.761). Conversely, internect addiction influenced depressive disorders through reverse parallel pathway of impulsivity and aggression with a total indirect effect of 0.038 (95% CI: 0.021-0.067). Direct effects were not significant in either direction. Conclusion:Adolescents with depressive disorders exhibit more internet addiction. Impulsivity and aggressive personality traits play bidirectional mediating roles in the relationship between depressive disorders and internet addiction.

Objective To carry out quality control testing of anesthesia ventilators to ensure the reliability and safety during their clinical use.Methods Totally 88 anesthesia ventilators used in some hospital underwent quality control testing in terms of tidal volume,peak airway pressure and positive end-expiratory pressure by using a gas flow analyzer according to JJF(E)61-2020 Calibration Specification of Anesthetic Machines,which included 31 ones,36 ones,12 ones and 9 ones respectively from brand A,B,C and D.The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the variability of the measured values and errors of the performance indicators between different brands of anesthesia ventilators,the chi-square test was applied to discussing the variability of the accuracy class of the performance indicators between different brands of anesthesia ventilators,and the Pearson correlation coefficient was adopted to investigate the correlation between the years of use and the absolute values of the relative errors of the performance indicators.Results The 88 anesthesia ventilators had the overall pass rate for quality control testing being 42.05%,of which,brand B had the highest pass rate(52.78%)and brand C had the lowest pass rate(8.33%).Brand B gained advantages in tidal volume when compared with brand A,C and D,with the differences being significant(P<0.05);brand A behaved the best in peak airway pressure and positive end-expiratory pressure when compared with brand B,C and D,with the differences being significant(P<0.05).Brand A had the highest proportion(63.08%)of distinction and credit in terms of the three performance indicators.The absolute value of the relative error in tidal volume was positively correlated with the years of use at the 3 measurement points for setting values of 400,600,and 800 mL respectively(P<0.05),and there was a significant correlation between the absolute value of the relative error and the years of use at a peak airway pressure setting of 10 cmH2O(1 cmH2O=98.07 Pa)(P<0.05).Conclusion Quality control testing of anesthesia ventilators contributes to finding the risks during their application,which can be an effective tool to ensure the safety of anesthesia ventilators used in medical institutions.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(9):75-80]

Ischemic stroke is a disease resulting from the cerebral ischemia and hypoxia caused by the blockage of brain vessels in the brain,and is characterized by the focal neurological signs.Pathologically,neuronal necrosis in the infarcted area and the neuronal degeneration or delayed death of neurons in the ischemic penumbra,contribute to the morphological basis of the disease.Ischemic stroke is regulated by multiple processes,including ferroptosis,apoptosis,and autophagy.Ferroptosis,a type of iron-dependent cell death,is closely associated with ischemic stroke.Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2),a key transcription factor,plays a critical role in maintaining cellular redox balance and regulating inflammatory responses.Nrf2 promotes the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),thereby activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway to counteract ferroptosis and protect cells from damage.This article reviews and analyzes recent experimental studies on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)therapy targeting the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway to suppress ferroptosis.The studies have found that TCM therapy with herbal compounds,Chinese patent medicines,single herbal components and their active ingredients,and acupuncture and moxibustion can inhibit ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway,which will provide novel strategies for the TCM intervention of ischemic stroke.

Objective By observing and measuring the relevant data of the buccal branch of the facial nerve,the parotid duct and the facial artery,the positional relationship among the three was analyzed to avoid accidental injury to the buccal branch of the facial nerve and the parotid duct when ligaturing the facial artery during the operation.Methods Forty adult head and neck specimens were dissected to observe the relationship between the buccal branch of the facial nerve and the parotid duct,the course and positional relationship of the facial artery,and the relationship between the buccal branch of the facial nerve and the peripheral vascular network.The relevant diameters were measured with a vernier caliper.Results The buccal branch of the facial nerve was divided into the superior buccal branch and the inferior buccal branch,and there was no direct anastomosis or connecting fiber between the buccal branch of the facial nerve and the parotid duct.The superior buccal branch was relatively thick,and it has a relatively constant position,which was parallel to the parotid duct.The position of the inferior buccal branch was not constant and it ran on or slightly above the plane of angulus oris.The superior buccal branch was located(10.76±5.54)mm from the parotid duct,while the inferior buccal branch was positioned(6.84±4.06)mm away from the parotid duct.The course of the main trunk of the facial artery was relatively fixed.Moreover,if the branch of the facial artery was missing,other branches of the facial artery would extend to replace the missing branch artery.The main trunk of the facial artery had a diameter of(2.34±0.83)mm,and its branches formed anastomoses with the buccal branch of the maxillary artery,creating a vascular network in the parotid and buccal regions.There was a vascular network around the buccal branch of the facial nerve,which was mostly small branches of the facial artery and the superficial temporal artery.Conclusion The buccal branch of the facial nerve exhibits a consistent anatomic relationship with the parotid duct and the facial artery.During the ligation of the facial artery,the parotid duct can serve as a landmark to accurately locate the buccal branch of the facial nerve,thereby significantly reducing the risk of inadvertent injury to the buccal branch of the facial nerve and the parotid duct.

Objective To analyze the application of in-use laparoscopes in clincal departments to enhance the laparoscope's effectiveness.Methods The effective utilization data of 29 laparoscopes from January 2024 to June 2024 were acquired with an hospital intelligent medical device management platform.Comparisons were carried out in terms of average daily workload,average daily hours of use and average daily efficiency between the laparoscopes from different departments and brands with non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test and between the conventional and 3D laparoscopes with non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test.Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the number of years of laparoscope use and the average daily workload,the average daily hours of use,and the average daily efficiency and the chi-square test was applied to investigating the relationship between the surgery grade and the type of equipment selected.Results Thoracic sugery department had the highest average daily workload(3.82 person-time),while the general medical department had the highest average daily hours of use(443.76 min)and the highest daily efficiency(92.45％).There were significant differences between the laparoscopes from different departments in average daily workload,average daily hours of use and average daily efficiency(P＜0.05).Brand D laparoscope behaved the best among brands of laparoscopes with the highest average daily workload(3.72 person-time),average daily hours of use(394.41 min)and average daily efficiency(82.17％).There were sig-nificant differences between the brands of laparoscopesin average daily workload,average daily hours of use and average daily efficiency(P＜0.05).3D laparoscopes obviously gained advantages over the conventional ones in average daily workload,average daily hours of use and average daily efficiency(P＜0.05).The number of years of use correlated negatively with average daily workload,average daily hours of use and average daily efficiency,with Pearson correlation coefficients being-0.095,-0.039 and-0.039 respectively.Grade Three and Four surgeries had significant differences in types of selected equipment(P＜0.001),and 3D laparoscopes were preferred for Grade Four surgery.Conclusion Utilization analysis of laparoscopes provides data support for optimized application and setup of laparoscopes.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(2):87-91]

Objective To explore the safety and feasibility of posterior quadratus lumborum block(PQLB)in patients undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 62 gynecological patients who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy from July 2021 to July 2024.The patients were divided into two groups based on the preoperative blocking method:the PQLB group and the transversus abdominis plane block(TAP)group,with 31 patients in each group.In the PQLB group,bilateral PQLB was performed under ultrasound guidance with 20 ml of 0.35％ropivacaine on each side.In the TAP group,bilateral transversus abdominis plane blocks were performed under ultrasound guidance with 20 ml of 0.4％or 0.5％ropivacaine on each side.The mean arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded before anesthesia(T0),at the time of the block(T1),at skin incision(T2),and during the recovery period(T3).The local anesthetic toxicity,nerve injury,intraoperative opioid consumption,postoperative remedial analgesic usage and dosage,as well as the incidence of nausea and vomiting,were monitored.Results The operations were successfully completed in all the 62 patients.No significant differences were observed between the two groups in mean arterial pressure(F=0.323,P=0.572)and heart rate(F=0.195,P=0.660)at 4 different time points.There were no significant differences in the dosage of anesthetic analgesics during surgery(Z=-0.458,P=0.647)and length of hospital stay(Z=-1.652,P=0.099)between the two groups.The postoperative remedial analgesic usage rate in the PQLB group was significantly lower than that in the TAP group(32.3％vs.74.2％,x2=10.949,P=0.000).Within 48 h after operation,the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)dosage in the PQLB group was significantly lower than that in the TAP group[0(0,0)mg vs.400(0,1600)mg,Z=-4.849,P=0.000],and no significant difference was observed between the two groups in the use of opioid(tramadol)dosage(Z=-0.045,P=0.964).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting(P＞0.05).The scores of numeric rating scale for abdomial wall pain and visceral pain in the PQLB group at 12 and 24 h after surgery did not exceed 3 points.No local anesthetic toxicity or nerve injury was observed.Conclusion PQLB provides effective analgesia for patients undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy,offering better control of visceral pain,helping reduce intraoperative opioid consumption,and lowering the risk of postoperative adverse reactions.