Objective To explore the diagnostic value of serum C-C motif chemokine ligand 3(CCL3)and Semaphorin 3A in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)complicated by osteoporosis(OP).Methods A total of 125 patients with T2DM complicated by OP who visited the hospital from August 2022 to August 2023 were selected as the OP group,and another 125 patients with T2DM without OP who visited the hospital during the same period were selected as the T2DM group.The OP group was divided into Group A(T value>-1.0,but slightly lower than the normal value),Group B(T value between-2.5 and-1.0),and Group C(T value<-2.5)based on the measurement results of bone mineral density(BMD).The lev-els of serum CCL3 and Semaphorin 3A in each group were compared.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations between serum CCL3,Semaphorin 3A and BMD in patients with T2DM complicated by OP.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of T2DM compli-cated by OP.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of se-rum CCL3 and Semaphorin 3A for T2DM complicated by OP.Results Compared with the T2DM group,the serum CCL3 level in the OP group increased,and the Semaphorin 3A level decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with group A,the serum CCL3 levels in group B and group C increased,while the Semaphorin 3A level decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with group B,the serum CCL3 level in group C increased and the Semaphorin 3A level de-creased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the T2DM group,the femo-ral neck bone BMD,lumbar spine BMD and total hip BMD in the OP group were significantly decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The serum CCL3 level in patients with T2DM accompa-nied by OP was negatively correlated with femoral neck bone BMD,lumbar spine BMD and total hip BMD(P<0.05),and the serum Semaphorin 3A level was positively correlated with femoral neck bone BMD,lum-bar spine BMD and total hip BMD(P<0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CCL3 was an independent risk factor for T2DM with OP(P<0.05),and Semaphorin 3A was an inde-pendent protective factor for T2DM with OP(P<0.05).The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of serum CCL3,Semaphorin 3A and their combination diagnosis of T2DM accom-panied by OP were 0.810,0.802 and 0.869,respectively.The AUC of the combined diagnosis of T2DM ac-companied by OP was superior to their individual diagnoses(Zcombination-CCL3=2.235,Zcombination-Semaphorin 3A=2.021,P=0.025,0.043).Conclusion The serum CCL3 level is increased in patients with T2DM accompanied by OP,and the Semaphorin 3A level is decreased.The combination of the two has certain diagnostic value for T2DM accompanied by OP.

PURPOSE: Intertrochanteric fractures undergoing proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) surgery are associated with significant hidden blood loss. This study aimed to explore whether intramedullary administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) can reduce bleeding in PFNA surgery for intertrochanteric fractures in elderly individuals. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted from January 2019 to December 2022. Patients aged over 60 years with intertrochanteric fractures who underwent intramedullary fixation surgery with PFNA were eligible for inclusion and grouped according to random numbers. A total of 249 patients were initially enrolled, of which 83 were randomly allocated to the TXA group and 82 were allocated to the saline group. The TXA group received intramedullary perfusion of TXA after the bone marrow was reamed. The primary outcomes were total peri-operative blood loss and post-operative transfusion rate. The occurrence of adverse events was also recorded. Continuous data was analyzed by unpaired t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, and categorical data was analyzed by Pearson Chi-square test. RESULTS: The total peri-operative blood loss (mL) in the TXA group was significantly lower than that in the saline group (577.23 ± 358.02 vs. 716.89 ± 420.30, p = 0.031). The post-operative transfusion rate was 30.67% in the TXA group and 47.95% in the saline group (p = 0.031). The extent of post-operative deep venous thrombosis and the 3-month mortality rate were similar between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION We observed that intramedullary administration of TXA in PFNA surgery for intertrochanteric fractures in elderly individuals resulted in less peri-operative blood loss and decreased transfusion rate, without any adverse effects, and is, thus, recommended.
Humans ; Tranexamic Acid/administration & dosage* ; Hip Fractures/surgery* ; Male ; Aged ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effects* ; Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control* ; Antifibrinolytic Agents/administration & dosage* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails ; Middle Aged ; Blood Transfusion/statistics & numerical data*

Objective To analyze the effect of Physio Space balance board motor control training on rehabilitation of ankle joint injuries in a prospective randomized controlled study.Methods A total of 96 patients with ankle joint injuries treated at Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected and randomly divided into the study group(n=48)and the control group(n=48).Both groups received conventional physical therapy.The control group underwent standard rehabilitation training,while the study group added Physio Space balance board exercise control training on top of the control group's regimen.The therapeutic effect,ankle stability[Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool(CAIT)score],ankle joint range of motion(dorsoextension,plantar flexion),pain levels,balance ability of the affected limb[mean displacement on the X-axis(Mcd)and mean displacement on the Y-axis(Msd)scores],and serum inflammatory pain factor levels[Substance P(SP),Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),Neuropeptide(NPY)]were compared between the two groups.Results The rate of excellent and good treatment in the study group(93.75%vs.79.17%)was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).After 1,2,3 and 4 weeks of treatment,the CAIT score of the study group was higher than that of the control group,and the VAS score was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment,the dorsiflexion and plantarflexion range of motion in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The Mcd and Msd scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment(P<0.05).After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment,the serum levels of TNF-α,IL-6,SP and NPY in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Physio Space balance board motion control training shows significant efficacy in the rehabilitation treatment of ankle joint injuries and is worthy of promotion and application.

Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a common chronic degenerative bone and joint disease characterized by degeneration and wear of knee cartilage.It is commonly found in middle-aged and elderly people and seriously impacts on their lower limb activity and quality of life.At present,the treatment of early and middle stage KOA mainly relies on the conservative methods such as oral medication,joint injection,topical patches and traditional Chinese medicine.Platelet rich plasma(PRP),as an autologous platelet concentrate,is rich in various growth factors and has no risk of immune rejection.In recent years,it has been widely used in the repair of bone,joint,and soft tissue injuries.However,the short biological half-life of growth factors in PRP and the fluidity of injection sites can result in insufficient binding force,short action time,poor target therapy efficacy,and the need for repeated injections in the joint cavity,which will increase the risk of iatrogenic infections.Hydrogels are cross-linked polymer networks containing water,and their high histocompatibility and drug release have attracted much attention.The slow and continuous release of drug is achieved by loading PRP onto hydrogel.Its unique adhesion reduces the flow of drug in the joint,thus extending the local action time of PRP and reducing the need for repeated injection.This article reviews the biological characteristics of PRP and hydrogel,the mechanism of action and clinical application of PRP loaded hydrogel in the treatment of KOA,and analyzes the existing problems and challenges,aiming to provide more effective treatment options for KOA patients through the in-depth discussion of this new treatment method.

As a novel form of cell death, ferroptosis is mainly regulated by the accumulation of soluble iron ions in the cytoplasm and the production of lipid peroxides and is closely associated with several diseases, including acute kidney injury, ischemic reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. The term "immunosuppression" refers to various factors that can directly harm immune cells' structure and function and affect the synthesis, release, and biological activity of immune molecules, leading to the insufficient response of the immune system to antigen production, failure to successfully resist the invasion of foreign pathogens, and even organ damage and metabolic disorders. An immunosuppressive phase commonly occurs in the progression of many ferroptosis-related diseases, and ferroptosis can directly inhibit immune cell function. However, the relationship between ferroptosis and immunosuppression has not yet been published due to their complicated interactions in various diseases. Therefore, this review deeply discusses the contribution of ferroptosis to immunosuppression in specific cases. In addition to offering new therapeutic targets for ferroptosis-related diseases, the findings will help clarify the issues on how ferroptosis contributes to immunosuppression.
Ferroptosis/immunology* ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance/immunology* ; Animals ; Immunosuppression Therapy ; Iron/metabolism* ; Neoplasms/immunology*

Objective:To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of a male carrier of exceptional complex chromo-some rearrangement(CCR)and the outcome of preimplantation genetic testing for chromosomal structural rearrangement(PGT-SR).Methods:Using the modified high resolution G banding technique and whole-genome low-coverage sequencing(WGLCS),we analyzed the cellular karyotype and molecular karyotype of a male carrier of CCR,performed an analysis of the single-sperm chromosome copy number and conducted PGT-SR for the patient by next-generation sequencing(NGS).In addition,we reviewed the literature on repor-ted male carriers of CCRs and summarized their normal/balanced sperm ratios and PGT-SR outcomes.Results:The karyotype of the patient was 46,XY,der(5)inv(5)(q14.3q23.2)t(5;14;11)(q23.2;q31.1;q21),der(11)t(5;14;11);der(14)t(5;14;11),with the translocation breakpoints located in the intergenic region.Single-sperm sequencing revealed 20.0%(7/35)of normal haploids in the male's spermatozoa,and the results PGT-SR showed a proportion of 25.0%(4/16)of normal/balanced embryos.After thawing and transferring of 2 euploid blastocysts,a healthy male infant was successfully delivered.Conclusion:The proportion of normal hap-loids in the spermatozoa of male CCR carriers may be higher than theoretically predicted,and PGT-SR can effectively improve the preg-nancy outcome in male CCR carriers and provide valuable data for genetic counseling.

Objective To report two cases of dyskeratosis congenita(DC)and provide a comprehensive literature review to improve the understanding of the disease.Methods Clinical characteristics of two DC cases were retrospectively collected and analyzed in Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology.Gene mutations were assessed by high-throughput sequencing analysis and telomere length was assessed by Terminal Restriction Fragment(TRF)analysis.A literature search was carried out using the National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang database,PubMed,and Web of Science,updated to June 2024,with"Dyskeratosis congenita"and"telomere biology disorders"as the keywords.Results Case 1 was a boy admitted with"nail dystrophy of fingers and toes for more than 8 years and pancytopenia for 1 week".Physical examination revealed fingernails and toenails dysplasia,reticular skin pigmentation over the neck,and restricted mouth opening.Genetic testing identified a mutation in the DKC1 gene and shorter telomeres.Case 2 was a girl admitted with"confirmed aplastic anemia over 3 years".Physical examination showed no specific abnormalities.A blood routine test showed pancytopenia,with missense mutations found in the RTEL1 and TERT genes.Case 1 received blood transfusion support,while Case 2 was treated with subcutaneous injections of PEGylated recombinant human granulocytes,cyclosporine,and eltrombopag olamine,but the outcomes were not satisfactory.Both cases developed bone marrow failure,prompting hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.However,both cases were lost to follow-up after discharge.Conclusions Dyskeratosis congenita is a rare disease with various clinical manifestations.It may present with skin manifestations or hematological abnormalities.A precise diagnosis is made through a genetic testing.Currently,efficacious medical treatment for DC is lacking,and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is necessary for patients with bone marrow failure.

Objective To observe the course and diameter of facial artery branches and its adjacent structures in nasolabial groove area and the positional relationship,so as to provide reference for clinicians to carry out facial cosmetic repair surgery.Methods A total of 40 adult head and neck specimens were dissected on the spot,and the course and position of the facial artery branches,facial vein and facial nerve in the nasolabial groove area were observed,their diameters were measured,and relevant data were recorded.Results There were 4 types of facial artery branches in the nasolabial groove area:type Ⅰ(upper lip type)accounted for 12.5%,type Ⅱ(nasal type)accounted for 62.5%,type Ⅲ(classical type)accounted for 20.0%,and type Ⅳ(double severe type)accounted for 5.0% .There were 4 kinds of positional relationship between the facial artery and the facial vein in the nasolabial groove area:42.5% of the orofacial artery was located on the medial side of the facial vein,32.5% of the orofacial artery was located on the lateral side of the facial vein,17.5% of the two were close to and wrapped in a fascial sheath,7.5% of the orofacial artery and the main trunk of the facial vein were crossed,and the vein was located in the deep surface of the artery.There were 3 kinds of positional relationship between the facial artery and the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve:87.5% of the facial artery was deep on the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve,7.5% of the facial artery was superficial on the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve,and 5.0% of the facial artery was held or surrounded by two branches of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve on the superficial or deep surface.Conclusion The positional relationship among facial artery,facial vein and facial nerve in the nasolabial groove area is complicated.Familiarity with its positional relationship can avoid damaging blood vessels and nerves during the nasorabial groove surgery,reduce surgical complications and improve surgical safety.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of asparaginase-associated pancreatitis(AAP)in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),and to investigate the impact of AAP on their prognosis following re-exposure to asparaginase(ASP).Methods:Clinical children data with ALL at Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology between January 2015 and June 2020 were collected to analyze the clinical features of AAP.Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for AAP.Prognostic analysis was performed using the Log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.Results:Overall,252 children with ALL were included,among whom 23(9.1%)developed AAP.Most AAP cases(82.6%)occurred during remission induction,with a medi-an time from the last ASP to AAP of 12 d.Elevated total cholesterol(≥3.5 mmol/L)at initial diagnosis was identified as an independent risk factor.Six children(26.1%)were re-exposed to ASP,leading to recurrent pancreatitis in 3 cases.The 5-year overall survival(OS)was signific-antly lower in the AAP group(78.3%±8.6%)compared to the non-AAP group(90.3%±2.2%)(P<0.05).Similarly,children who discontinued ASP due to AAP had a 5-year OS of 77.8%±9.8%,significantly lower than the control group(90.1%±2.1%).Conclusions:AAP typically oc-curred within 12 d of the last ASP administration and was associated with poorer 5-year OS.Re-exposure to ASP posed a risk of recurrent AAP;however,completing the ASP chemotherapy regimen may be crucial for improving prognosis.

Objective To design a hyperbaric oxygen chamber ambulance to meet the requirements for on-site hyperbaric oxygen treatment and transport of casualties.Methods A hyperbaric oxygen chamber ambulance was formed based on a YJ2080 wheeled armored vehicle,which had the components of a chamber,a gas source,an oxygen source,a control system and a power source.The chamber had a 3-layer composite structure,with a high-strength metal frame in the outer layer,a capsule made of polyurethane material bound with nylon pressure-resistant tape in the inner layer and a layer of thermal insulation material filled between the chamber and the vehicle;the gas source was composed of the oil-free air compressor,gas cylinder and pressure reducer;the oxygen source was made up of the 20 L oxygen generator,oxygen booster pump and 40 L oxygen cylinder;the control system involved in an EX2N-100HA series touch screen programmable logic controller(PLC)all-in-one(AIO);an ACD-15.0DR/48-H generator system was used as the power source.Results The hyperbaric oxygen chamber ambulance could stably control the chamber pressure when the therapeutic pressure was set as 1.3,1.6 and 1.8 ATA(1 ATA=0.1 MPa),the volume fraction of oxygen in the chamber could be limited within the required range under the low oxygen volume fraction mode and high oxygen volume fraction mode,and the emergency decompression time could be restrained within 60 s.Conclusion The hyperbaric oxygen chamber ambulance behaves well in maneuverability,and can be used for on-site hyperbaric oxygen treatment and transport of casualties.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(10):25-30]