ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of action of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang in antagonizing cellular pyroptosis and fibrosis in ectopic endometrial tissues of endometriosis through the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB/NOD-like receptor protein 3 （TRL4/NF-κB/NLPR3） signaling pathway. MethodsSeventy-two SPF-grade female SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group （n = 12） and a modeling group （n = 60）. The rats in the sham-operated group underwent a caesarean section， while the rats in the modeling group were used to establish an endometriosis model through the auto-transplantation method. After successful modeling， the animals were randomly divided into the model group， progesterone group （0.25 mg·kg^-1）， and modified Shaofu Zhuyutang low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （7.5， 15， 30 g·kg^-1）， with 12 animals in each group. After 4 weeks of drug administration， voluntary activity and heat pain latency were observed. The rats were sacrificed for tissue collection， and Masson staining were used to observe histopathological changes in the endometrial tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure serum levels of interleukin-18 （IL-18）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， and transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） was used to detect the protein expression area of tumor necrosis factor-related factor 6 （TRAF6） and NLPR3 in the endometrial tissues. Immunofluorescence （IF） was used to detect the relative fluorescence intensity of Caspase-1 and gasdermin D （GSDMD） in the endometrial tissues. Western blot was employed to measure the relative expression of TRL4， myeloid differentiation factor 88 （MyD88）， TRAF6， NF-κB p65， phosphorylated NF-κB p65 （p-NF-κB p65）， and NLPR3 proteins in endometrial tissues. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of TRL4， MyD88， TRAF6， NF-κB， and NLPR3 in the endometrial tissues. ResultsCompared with the sham-operated group， rats in the model group showed reduced voluntary activity and shorter heat pain latency. Serum levels of IL-18， IL-1β， TNF-α， and TGF-β were elevated. The relative expression areas of TRAF6 and NLPR3 proteins were increased， and the relative fluorescence intensity of Caspase-1 and GSDMD was enhanced. The relative expression of TRL4， MyD88， TRAF6， NF-κB p65， p-NF-κB p65， and NLPR3 proteins， along with the expression of TRL4， MyD88， TRAF6， NF-κB， and NLPR3 mRNA， were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， rats in the progesterone group and the modified Shaofu Zhuyutang medium- and high-dose groups exhibited improved voluntary activity， longer heat pain latency， the fibrosis of endometrial tissue is alleviated. Serum levels of IL-18， IL-1β， TNF-α， and TGF-β were decreased. The relative expression areas of TRAF6 and NLPR3 proteins decreased， and the relative fluorescence intensity of Caspase-1 and GSDMD weakened. The relative expression of TRL4， MyD88， TRAF6， p-NF-κB p65， NLPR3 proteins， and TRL4， MyD88， TRAF6， NF-κB， and NLPR3 mRNA expression were reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Shaofu Zhuyutang may play a therapeutic role in endometriosis by interfering with key proteins in the TRL4/NF-κB/NLPR3 signaling pathway， reducing NLRP3 inflammasome-induced cellular pyroptosis， antagonizing the fibrosis process in ectopic endometrial tissues， improving the inflammatory microenvironment in the pelvic cavity， and alleviating pain.

BACKGROUND:It has been found that internal factors such as anatomical structure,hormone level and neuromuscular function of athletes are closely related to the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries,and external factors such as the material of the playing field also become one of the risk factors affecting the occurrence of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries,but they are relatively under-attended in the current studies. OBJECTIVE:To explore effects of artificial turf versus natural grass on the biomechanical performance of the lower limbs in young females during jump-landing. METHODS:According to the test needs,artificial turf and natural grass in accordance with the standards of GB/T 20033.3-2006 and GB/T 19995.1-2005 were leveled and fixed on two three-dimensional force measuring platforms.Twenty-one young females were voluntarily recruited and completed the jump-landing task on the artificial turf and natural grass.Subjects stood on the steps and then jumped forward,jumped down to the force measuring platform and immediately jumped with full force to the force measuring platform again.The two landings were required to fall to the two force measuring platforms,and the whole jumping action was considered successful without any pause.The kinematic,kinetic and electromyographic data of the lower limbs during the landing process were collected synchronously to compare and analyze the differences between the two. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In terms of kinetics,posterior and vertical ground reaction force at the initial landing moment during jump-landing on the natural grass were significantly lower than those on the artificial turf(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),as well as at the peak ground reaction force moment(P＜0.05,P＜0.05).Additionally,the knee flexion moment when jump-landing on the natural grass was higher than that on the artificial turf(P＜0.01).In terms of electromyography,within 100 ms after the initial landing moment,the electromyography activity levels of medial femoris muscle,lateral femoris muscle and anterior tibialis muscle when jump-landing on the natural grass were significantly lower than those on the artificial turf(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.05).To conclude,compared with the natural grass,jump-landing on the artificial turf leads to an change in biomechanical performance that will cause an increase in anterior cruciate ligament tension.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the prevalence and influencing factors of screen exposure among preschool children in China, so as to provide evidence for formulating scientific intervention strategies. Methods: Retrieve relevant studies on screen exposure among preschool children from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases from the time of estaldishment to June 29, 2025. Meta analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software. Results: A total of 43 studies were included. Meta analysis showed that the prevalence of screen exposure among preschool children in China was 46.0% (95% CI = 38.9 %-53.1%, P <0.01). Girls, non only child, father s age<35 years, both parents having an educational level of high school or below, being cared for by grandparents, rural residence, parents having no exercise habit, parental support for the use of screen devices, and parental screen time>1 h/d were influencing factors for screen exposure among preschool children [ OR (95% CI ) were 0.85(0.78-0.92), 1.09(1.04-1.15), 1.45(1.22-1.71), 1.38(1.24- 1.54 ), 1.78(1.32-2.40), 1.39(1.16-1.65), 1.38(1.13-1.69), 1.67(1.40-1.98), 1.70(1.38-2.10), 1.59(1.04-2.43), all P <0.05]. Conclusion The prevalence of screen exposure among preschool children in China is relatively high, and relevant child health promotion strategies should be formulated to reduce its occurrence.

OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic angiogenesis has become a promising approach for treating ischemic heart disease (IHD). The present study aims to investigate the effects of Qishen Granule (QSG) on angiogenesis in myocardial ischemia (MI) and the potential mechanism. METHODS: In vivo study was conducted on rat model of myocardial infarction. QSG was performed daily at a dose of 2.352 g/kg for four weeks. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiogram and pro-angiogenic effects were evaluated by Laser Doppler and CD31 expression. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was applied in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cell viability, wound healing and tube formation assay were used to test functions of HUVECs. ELISA and Western blots were used to assess protein expressions of bone morphogenetic protein 2-delta-like 4-notch homolog 1 (BMP2-Dll4-Notch1) signaling pathway. RESULTS: The results showed that QSG improved heart function, cardiac blood flow and microvessel density in myocardial ischemic rats. In vitro, QSG protected HUVECs by promoting the cell viability and tube formation. QSG upregulated bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) and downregulated delta-like 4 (Dll4) and notch homolog 1 (Notch1) expressions both in rats and HUVECs. CONCLUSION QSG protected against MI by promoting angiogenesis through BMP2-Dll4-Notch1 pathway. BMP2 might be a promising therapeutic target for IHD.

Purpose/Significance To analyze the satisfaction,service effectiveness and willingness to participate in telemedicine services from the perspective of medical staff,and to identify the existing problems.Method/Process The research group conducts an e-lectronic questionnaire survey for medical institutions across the country,and collects a total of 1 524 valid questionnaires.Based on questionnaire survey data,logistic regression models are constructed to analyze the key factors that affect the evaluation and attitude of medical staff.Result/Conclusion The overall satisfaction and service effectiveness of medical staff to telemedicine services are at a high level,and their willingness to participate is strong.It is necessary to improve the telemedicine service system and promote the experience of medical staff by strengthening infrastructure construction,optimizing service process,and perfecting incentive mechanisms.

Objective: To explore the longitudinal correlation between smartphone multitasking and depressive symptoms, so as to provide an evidence based basis for promoting the mental health of college students. Methods: A total of 967 college students were recruited from one university in Taiyuan, Chongqing, and Shenzhen cities, China, by using multi stage randomized cluster sampling from October to December 2021 at baseline, and a follow up survey was conducted in May 2022. Smartphone multitasking behaviors were assessed by means of the Assessment of Smartphone Multitasking for Adolescents (ASMA), and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) among college students. Chi square tests were performed to compare the differences in depressive symptoms between different groups of demographic characteristics, and binary Logistic regression models were employed to analyze the associations between smartphone multitasking and depressive symptoms among college students. Results: The rates of depressive symptoms among college students at baseline and follow up were 35.2% and 42.3%, respectively. Compared to the low level smartphone multitasking index group at baseline, the moderate and high level groups were more likely to experience depressive symptoms at baseline (moderate level group: OR=1.74, 95%CI =1.22-2.50, high level group: OR=2.77, 95%CI =1.94-3.95) and followup (moderate level group: OR=1.41, 95%CI =1.01-1.95, high level group: OR=1.64, 95%CI =1.17-2.29) ( P <0.05). In addition, compared to the persistently low smartphone multitasking index, increased risk of depressive symptoms was associated with maintaining a moderate to high ( OR=2.94, 95%CI =1.83-4.71), and a higher ( OR=2.07, 95%CI =1.31-3.27) or lower smartphone multitasking index ( OR=2.02, 95%CI =1.27-3.19) ( P <0.05). Moreover, higher smartphone multitasking index scores were positively associated with the risk of new-onset depressive symptoms at follow up ( OR=1.87, 95%CI=1.07-3.27, P <0.05). Conclusions Smartphone multitasking behaviors are find to be associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in college students. There is a need to reduce smartphone multitasking in order to decrease depressive symptoms and promote students mental health.

Objective To explore the distribution of CYP2C19,MTHFR,SLCO1B1,and APOE gene poly-morphisms in patients with acute cerebral infarction,so as to provide theoretical basis for individualized drug treatment.Methods A total of 400 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the hospital from 2020 to 2022 were selected as the research subjects,and the polymorphisms of CYP2C19,MTHFR,SLCO1B1 and APOE genes were tested by PCR fluorescene probe method,and the polymorphism distribution of those genes was analyzed.Results In patients with acute cerebral infarction,44.25％of CYP2C19 gene phenotype were EM type,and 9.75％of CYP2C19 gene phenotype were PM type.The proportion of mutations at the C677T locus of the MTHFR gene(CT type+TT type)was 78.50％,CC type accounted for 21.50％.78.75％of the SLCO1B1 genotypes were type Ⅰ wild type,and 1.50％SLCO1B1 gene phenotypes were type Ⅲ homozygous mutant type.The E2 and E3 types accounted for 84.25％of the APOE gene phenotype,while the E4 type ac-counted for 15.75％.Conclusion The distribution of CYP2C19,MTHFR,SLCO1B1 and APOE gene poly-morphisms in 400 acute cerebral infarction patients is analyzed,providing data support for guiding individual-ized medication in the population of acute cerebral infarction patients and of great significance for achieving safe medication.

ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between somatic symptoms， five-state personality and emotional symptoms of bipolar disorder （BD）， and to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of BD. MethodsThe basic information of the BD patients was collected， and the self-administered somatic symptom questionnaire was used to investigate the somatic symptoms with a frequency of ＞20%， which were scored as the somatic symptom scores； the 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale （HAMD） was used to evaluate the patients' depressive symptoms， the Young Mania Rating Scale （YMRS） was used to evaluate the patients' manic symptoms， the Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA） was used to evaluate the patients' anxiety symptoms， and Five-State Personality Test was used to evaluate the patients' five-state personality （including taiyang personality， shaoyang personality， yin-yang balance personality， shaoyin personality， and taiyin personality）. Network analysis and linear regression were used to analyse the correlation between the somatic symptom scores and the five-state personality scores， HAMD scores， YMRS scores， and HAMA scores. ResultsThere were 269 patients with BD included， and 19 somatic symptoms with a frequency of ＞20%， the top three being lack of strength （152 cases， 56.51%）， dry mouth （137 cases， 50.93%）， and preference for cold drinks （112 cases， 41.64%）， and the somatic symptom scores were ［7.0 （0，10.0）］ points； the YMRS scores were ［3.0 （0， 7.5）］ points； the HAMD scores were ［11.0 （5.0， 18.0）］ points； and HAMA score was ［6.0 （2.0， 10.0）］ points. Among the five-state personalities， taiyang personality ［10.0 （7.0， 13.0）］ score； shaoyang personality ［10.0 （7.5， 13.0）］ score； yin-yang balance personality ［5.0 （3.0， 7.0）］ score； shaoyin personality ［13.0 （10.0， 16.0）］ score； and taiyin personality ［14.0 （9.0， 18.0）］ score. Complex network analysis showed that BD somatic symptoms were positively correlated with taiyin personality score （r = 0.23）， HAMD score （r = 0.21）， and YMRS score （r = 0.13）； taiyin personality score was positively correlated with HAMD score （r = 0.17） and negatively correlated with YMRS score （r = -0.03）. Linear regression analyses showed that somatic symptom scores were positively correlated with HAMD score （β = 0.138， P = 0.003）， YMRS score （β = 0.128， P = 0.006）， and taiyin personality scores （β = 0.182， P＜0.001）. ConclusionDepression， mania， and taiyin personality are independent risk factors for somatic symptoms in patients with BD， and taiyin personality is strongly associated with somatic symptoms in patients with BD.

ObjectiveTo explore the elements， distribution and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes in depressive episodes of bipolar disorder （BD）. MethodsBasic information， along with the four examination information， the Hamilton Depression Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale scores， were collected from 293 outpatients with BD at Beijing Anding Hospital， Capital Medical University. The four examination information with an occurrence rate greater than 12% were retained. The R language “dist” function was used to calculate the distances between samples using the Euclidean distance method. The hierarchical clustering of the four examination information was performed using the “hclust” function and the squared Euclidean distance method. A team of five researchers was formed to determine the nature and location of the essential elements of TCM syndrome in BD based on the clustering results. The PC algorithm was used to construct a Bayesian network model of the essential elements. The working group combined the essential elements of TCM syndromes in the Bayesian network according to the reference model results， and then extracted common TCM syndromes. The score of each patient based on the essential elements was matched with the common TCM syndromes to determine the syndrome type of each patient. The working group then performs conformity and revision based on this， obtaining the final distribution of TCM syndromes for the patients. ResultsThere were 77 common TCM symptoms in BD with a frequency greater than 12%. The top 15 symptoms with higher frequencies were slippery pulse， mental fatigue and lack of strength， wiry pulse， excessive rumination， preference for solitude， vexation， agitation and irritability， dry mouth， palpitations， profuse dreaming， unwarranted worries， chest oppression， thin white coating， amnesia， frequent sighing， and poor appetite. TCM syndrome elements of BD can be grouped into 11 categories. The nature of disease-related essential elements included fire， qi deficiency， blood deficiency， qi counterflow， yin deficiency， dampness， heat， fire from constraint， and phlegm. The location of disease-related essential elements included heart， liver， spleen， stomach， kidney， bladder channel， and gallbladder. By constructing a Bayesian network model and considering the opinions from the experts， six common syndromes of BD were identified， among which the highest proportion was heart-stomach heat accumulation， accounting for 27.99% （82 cases）， followed by heart-spleen deficiency （55 cases， 18.77%）， non-interaction between the heart and the kidney （49 cases， 16.72%）， liver constraint and blood deficiency （42 cases， 14.33%）， heart qi deficiency （37 cases， 12.63%）， and damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder （28 cases， 9.56%）. ConclusionsThe nature of disease-related elements of BD are predominantly fire and heat， while the location of disease-related essential elements are primarily associated with the heart， liver， and spleen. The most common TCM syndromes are heart-stomach heat accumulation and heart-spleen deficiency.

Objective:To observe any effect of cooling on the amplitude of vibration-induced sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) in human digits.Methods:The middle fingers of 15 healthy adults were either cooled to about 22℃ using an ice pack or kept at about 32℃. A vibrator was applied to the joint connecting the middle finger and the palm vibrating with an amplitude of 2mm at a frequency of 60Hz. The amplitudes of middle finger SNAPs before, during and right after the vibration were recorded.Results:The SNAP amplitude at a given temperature was lower during vibration than before it, but it immediately returned to the pre-vibration level after the vibration ceased. The middle finger SNAP amplitudes at 22℃ were significantly higher than those at 32℃ throughout. The decrease in amplitude at 32℃ (61.7±15.1%) was significantly greater than that at 22℃ (24.1±7.0%).Conclusions:Cooling significantly reduces the effect of vibration on the amplitude of digital SNAPs. That suggests a way to protect the sensory nerves in hand-arm vibration syndrome.