To promote the standardization and normalization of perioperative care for follicular unit extraction(FUE) hair transplantation, ensure treatment efficacy, and align with advancements in the specialty, the Nursing Branch of the Chinese Association of Plastic and Aesthetics organized a panel of domestic experts. By integrating evidence-based medicine with clinical practice experience, and following thorough discussions, these experts developed the Clinical Practice Expert Consensus on Perioperative Nursing Care for Follicular Unit Extraction (2025). This consensus provides a comprehensive overview of hair transplantation, covering preoperative preparation, surgical procedures, intraoperative coordination, postoperative management, and complication prevention and treatment. It serves as a key reference and guide for implementing standardized perioperative nursing care in FUE hair transplantation.

Objective To investigate the carrying status and drug resistance analysis of pathogenic bacteria in the gut of healthy population in Huadu District,Guangzhou,and provide reference for epidemiological re-search.Methods A total of 337 459 anal swabs were directly isolated and cultured from healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations from 2018 to 2023.600 anal swabs from 2022 were randomly selected for multi pathogen nucleic acid testing,direct isolation and culture,and enrichment culture.Identification of bacteria was conducted by using VITEK 2 Compact and VITEK MS,serological testing was used for determi-nation of type,and drug susceptibility testing of pathogenic bacteria was conducted.Results A total of 128 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from rectal swabs,including 52 strains of Salmonella,71 strains of Aero-monas,3 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus,and 2 strains of Shigella flexneri,with a total detection rate of 3.79/10 000.The detection rate of Salmonella in direct isolation and culture of 600 rectal swabs was 0.50％,the detection rate of enrichment culture was 1.00％,and the detection rate of multi-pathogen nucleic acid de-tection was 1.17％.52 strains of Salmonella were divided into 27 serotypes,and Salmonella Ⅰ 4,5,12:i:—was the dominant serotype.Aeromonas sobria was the dominant serotype in Aeromonas.The sensitivity of Salmonella to piperacillin/tazobactam,imipenem,cefepime,levofloxacin,and aztreonam was up to 92.00％or more,however,the phenomenon of multidrug resistance was severe,with a multidrug resistance rate as high as 40.38％.The resistance rate of Aeromonas to ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam was up to 85.00％or more,while Aeromonas was relatively sensitive to other antibiotics.Conclusion There are many species and types of intestinal pathogenic bacteria carried by healthy individuals in Huadu District,Guangzhou,with Aero-monas and Salmonella ranking first and second,and levofloxacin treatment could be preferred.The use of bac-terial culture and multi pathogen nucleic acid testing methods could improve the detection rate of intestinal pathogenic bacteria,and attention should be paid to the monitoring of intestinal pathogenic bacteria among rel-evant practitioners.

To address the problem of large reconstruction errors in 3D pulse signals caused by excessively small out-of-plane displacement of the contact membrane in the existing traditional Chinese medicine fingertip tactile binocular vision detection technology, this study proposes a 3D pulse image detection method based on subtle motion magnification technology and explores its application in pulse pattern recognition. Firstly, a 3D pulse image detection system based on binocular vision to obtain pulse image signals is developed as experimental data. Then, the phase motion video magnification algorithm is used to amplify the original signals, and the amplified signals are reconstructed in three dimensions to obtain 3D pulse signals. On this basis, nine features are extracted from the 3D pulse signals and features selection is performed using a two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Finally, machine learning algorithms such as decision trees and random forests are used to identify the five types of pulse conditions: deep pulse, intermittent pulse, flooding pulse, slippery pulse, and rapid pulse. The experimental results show that compared to the methods without subtle motion magnification technology, the proposed method significantly improves waveform clarity, amplitude stability, and periodic regularity. Meanwhile, the average accuracy in pulse pattern recognition reaches 96.29%±0.26%.
Algorithms ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods* ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Motion ; Humans ; Pulse ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Machine Learning

OBJECTIVES: Recent evidence suggests that the gut may be a primary site of metformin action. However, studies on the effects of metformin on gut microbiota remain limited, and its impact on gut microbial metabolites such as short-/medium-chain fatty acids is unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of metformin on gut microbiota, short-/medium-chain fatty acids, and associated metabolic benefits in high-fat diet rats. METHODS: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: 1) Normal diet group (ND group), fed standard chow; 2) high-fat diet group (HFD group), fed a high-fat diet; 3) high-fat diet + metformin treatment group (HFD+Met group), fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks, followed by daily intragastric administration of metformin solution (150 mg/kg body weight) starting in week 9. At the end of the experiment, all rats were sacrificed, and serum, liver, and colonic contents were collected for assessment of glucose and lipid metabolism, liver pathology, gut microbiota composition, and the concentrations of short-/medium-chain fatty acids. RESULTS: Metformin significantly improved HFD-induced glucose and lipid metabolic disorders and liver injury. Compared with the HFD group, the HFD+Met group showed reduced abundance of Blautia, Romboutsia, Bilophila, and Bacteroides, while Lactobacillus abundance significantly increased (all P<0.05). Colonic contents of butyric acid, 2-methyl butyric acid, valeric acid, octanoic acid, and lauric acid were significantly elevated (all P<0.05), whereas acetic acid, isoheptanoic acid, and nonanoic acid levels were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis revealed that Lactobacillus abundance was negatively correlated with body weight gain and insulin resistance, while butyrate and valerate levels were negatively correlated with insulin resistance and liver injury (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Metformin significantly increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and promotes the production of short-/medium-chain fatty acids including butyric, valeric, and lauric acid in the colonic contents of HFD rats, suggesting that metformin may regulate host metabolism through modulation of the gut microbiota.
Animals ; Metformin/pharmacology* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects* ; Rats ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Male ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism* ; Fatty Acids/metabolism*

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a naturally occurring, low-toxicity, and hydrophilic bile acid (BA) in the human body that is converted by intestinal flora using primary BA. Solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) functions to uptake extracellular cystine in exchange for glutamate, and is highly expressed in a variety of human cancers. Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) refers to liposarcoma originating from the retroperitoneal area. Lipidomics analysis revealed that UDCA was one of the most significantly downregulated metabolites in sera of RLPS patients compared with healthy subjects. The augmentation of UDCA concentration (≥25 μg/mL) demonstrated a suppressive effect on the proliferation of liposarcoma cells. [¹⁵N₂]-cystine and [¹³C₅]-glutamine isotope tracing revealed that UDCA impairs cystine uptake and glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Mechanistically, UDCA binds to the cystine transporter SLC7A11 to inhibit cystine uptake and impair GSH de novo synthesis, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial oxidative damage. Furthermore, UDCA can promote the anti-cancer effects of ferroptosis inducers (Erastin, RSL3), the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) inhibitors (Nutlin 3a, RG7112), cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) inhibitor (Abemaciclib), and glutaminase inhibitor (CB839). Together, UDCA functions as a cystine exchange factor that binds to SLC7A11 for antitumor activity, and SLC7A11 is not only a new transporter for BA but also a clinically applicable target for UDCA. More importantly, in combination with other antitumor chemotherapy or physiotherapy treatments, UDCA may provide effective and promising treatment strategies for RLPS or other types of tumors in a ROS-dependent manner.

Toxic Chinese herbal medicines(TCHMs)both represent a unique class of therapeutic agents that exhibit both potent efficacy("using toxins to combat pathogens and often curing critical con-ditions")and pose safety concerns("potentially causing severe harm").Balancing clinical effectiveness with safe applications remains a priority of research for these substances.This review summarizes the hepatotoxic mechanisms,research progress,detoxification strategies and clinical challenges associated with TCHMs documented in the 2025 Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China(Volume Ⅰ)in the hope of providing evidence-based insights into the safe and rational clinical use of these hepatotoxic herbs.

Fatigue driving is a major cause of traffic accidents,which poses a great threat to public safety and property.In order to reduce the losses caused by fatigue driving,many researchers have devoted themselves to the study about fatigue driving,such as driver behavior monitoring,brainwave monitoring,eye tracking and facial expression analysis.Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages.Behavioral monitoring reflects the fatigue state by analyzing the driver's driving habits and facial expression,which is easy to operate but prone to be affected by the external environment.Brainwave monitoring is more accurate and can detect the fatigue state in real time,but the equipment is complicated and costly,which limits its large-scale application.The detection based on eye-tracking and facial expression analysis also has a certain potential for application,but errors may occur under different light conditions.Herein the review introduces the effects of fatigue on driving ability and compares the research results of various fatigue driving detection methods by searching,collating,analyzing and summarizing the relevant literatures at home and abroad.Various detection methods are analyzed and summarized,and it is pointed out that the fatigue driving detection method based on multi-feature information fusion will become a research hotspot.

Objective:To explore the current research status, hotspots, and trends of self-advocacy among patients with chronic diseases, and to provide a reference for conducting research on self-advocacy in chronic diseases.Methods:A computer-based search was conducted in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, and the Web of Science Core Collection for literature related to self-advocacy among patients with chronic diseases, with the time frame from database inception to October 1, 2024. The CiteSpace 6.3.R1 software was used to perform visual analysis on publication volume, countries, institutions, authors, keywords, and citation status.Results:A total of 721 articles were included in the study. The country with the largest number of publications related to self-advocacy among patients with chronic diseases was the United States. Authors and journals were mainly from the fields of psychology and sociology. Research hotspots mainly included women, cancer, breast cancer, quality of life (health-related quality of life), cancer screening, and individual experiences. Future research trends are expected to focus on influencing factors and theoretical research, impacts on medical decision-making, psychological and social support, as well as the development of scales and assessment tools of self-advocacy.Conclusions:Research on self-advocacy in China started relatively late. It is suggested that in the future, domestic scholars conduct multi-center and large-sample studies on self-advocacy among populations in different regions and with various types of chronic diseases.

Objective:To investigate the current status of clinical nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding geriatric frailty syndrome in a general hospital and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods:Using convenience sampling, 319 clinical nurses from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, were recruited between May and September 2024. A KAP questionnaire on geriatric frailty syndrome was developed through literature review and the Delphi method. Data were collected with a demographic questionnaire and the KAP questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was performed to identify factors influencing KAP levels.Results:The finalized KAP questionnaire consisted of three dimensions and 27 items. Cronbach's α coefficients for the total scale and the knowledge, attitudes, and practices subscales were 0.974, 0.981, 0.974, and 0.967, respectively. The overall KAP score among 319 nurses was (96.65±20.83). The average scores for each dimension were (4.08±0.82) for attitudes, (3.84±0.84) for practices, and (3.12±1.00) for knowledge. Multiple linear regression indicated that age and positions were respective significantly influenced the total KAP score and attitudes score ( P<0.05) ; frailty-related training was also a significant factor for KAP score and dimension scores ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Clinical nurses demonstrated a moderate overall KAP level regarding geriatric frailty syndrome, with relatively high attitudes but insufficient professional knowledge. Hospital managers should provide effective education and training for frontline nurses to improve KAP levels and to promote early identification, assessment, and intervention of geriatric frailty.

Objective:To study the effect and mechanism of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide(GLPP)on renal anti oxidative stress and immune inflammation in diabetes nephropathy mice.Methods:The C57 male mice model of diabetes nephropathy was established by streptozotocin combined with high glucose and high-fat diet.Sixty diabetes nephropathy mice were divided into model group,losartan group,GLPP group(low,medium and high dose groups),GLPP high-dose+losartan group,with 10 mice in each group,10 mice fed with normal diet as the blank group.The losartan group was given 10 mg/kg losartan by gavage,and GLPP low,medium and high dose groups was given 50,100,and 200 mg/kg GLPP by gavage,while the GLPP high-dose+losartan group were given 200 mg/kg GLPP+10 mg/kg losartan by gavage.The blank group and model group were given physiological saline by gavage.After gastric lavage,observe the diet,water intake,renal pathology,structure,and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in mice,and analyze the levels of blood biochemical indicators,immune inflammation,oxidative stress indicators,and expression of apoptosis/cycle regulatory proteins in mice.Results:Compared with the blank group,the model group showed an increase in blood biochemical indicators such as Scr,BUN,TC,TG and GSP(P<0.05),as well as inflammation indicators such as level of IL-6 and TNF-α、MCP-1 were decreased(P<0.05),the oxidative stress indicator MDA was increased,T-AOC,GSH-PX,SOD were decreased(P<0.05),the apoptosis rate of renal tubular epithelial cells were increased(P<0.05),the expression levels of Bax,Caspase-3,P53,P21 were all increased,and the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Cyclin D1 were decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the losartan group,GLPP dose groups,GLPP high-dose+losartan group Scr,BUN,TC,TG,GSP,IL-6,TNF-α,MCP-1,MDA levels,apoptosis rate of renal tubular epithelial cells,Bax,Caspase-3,P53,P21 expression levels were all reduced,while T-AOC,SOD,GSH-PX levels,Bcl-2,and Cyclin D1 expression levels were all increased.Renal pathological changes were improved,and mitochondrial swelling was reduced.The GLPP high-dose+losartan group showed the most significant improvement(P<0.05).Conclusion:GLPP can reverse the renal injury in diabetes nephropathy mice,which may be related to the inhibition of apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells by alleviating renal oxidative stress and immune inflammatory damage.