Objective: Hundreds of countries have implemented lockdown policies to slow the spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but the impact of these measures on maternal mental health is not well understood. Methods: This study integrated a stress-process model to examine the pathways from lockdown-related stressors to prenatal psychological outcomes, with COVID-19 coping strategies (COP) and self-efficacy in managing negative affect (NEG) as mediators and lockdown duration, hours on pandemic-related information, and number of pregnancies as moderators. Pregnant women in Shanghai completed the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale, COVID-19 Coping Scale, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test and modify the hypothetical model, and moderated mediation and slope analyses were undertaken. Results: In the final SEM demonstrating satisfactory fit, three stressors—decreased household income, insufficient daily supplies, and acquired infections—showed positive direct relationships with NEG and COP. Acquired infections, NEG, and COP were identified as direct predictors of mental health outcomes. The relationship between these three stressors and mental health was mediated by NEG and COP. Additionally, the number of pregnancies moderated the mediating effect of COP; this effect was more pronounced among first-time pregnant women than those with multiple pregnancies. Conclusion This study provides insights into how lockdown measures impact psychological outcomes in pregnant women quarantined at home. Interventions aimed at increasing coping strategies may be more effective for primiparous women during future public health emergencies.

Objective: Hundreds of countries have implemented lockdown policies to slow the spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but the impact of these measures on maternal mental health is not well understood. Methods: This study integrated a stress-process model to examine the pathways from lockdown-related stressors to prenatal psychological outcomes, with COVID-19 coping strategies (COP) and self-efficacy in managing negative affect (NEG) as mediators and lockdown duration, hours on pandemic-related information, and number of pregnancies as moderators. Pregnant women in Shanghai completed the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale, COVID-19 Coping Scale, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test and modify the hypothetical model, and moderated mediation and slope analyses were undertaken. Results: In the final SEM demonstrating satisfactory fit, three stressors—decreased household income, insufficient daily supplies, and acquired infections—showed positive direct relationships with NEG and COP. Acquired infections, NEG, and COP were identified as direct predictors of mental health outcomes. The relationship between these three stressors and mental health was mediated by NEG and COP. Additionally, the number of pregnancies moderated the mediating effect of COP; this effect was more pronounced among first-time pregnant women than those with multiple pregnancies. Conclusion This study provides insights into how lockdown measures impact psychological outcomes in pregnant women quarantined at home. Interventions aimed at increasing coping strategies may be more effective for primiparous women during future public health emergencies.

Objective: Hundreds of countries have implemented lockdown policies to slow the spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but the impact of these measures on maternal mental health is not well understood. Methods: This study integrated a stress-process model to examine the pathways from lockdown-related stressors to prenatal psychological outcomes, with COVID-19 coping strategies (COP) and self-efficacy in managing negative affect (NEG) as mediators and lockdown duration, hours on pandemic-related information, and number of pregnancies as moderators. Pregnant women in Shanghai completed the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale, COVID-19 Coping Scale, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test and modify the hypothetical model, and moderated mediation and slope analyses were undertaken. Results: In the final SEM demonstrating satisfactory fit, three stressors—decreased household income, insufficient daily supplies, and acquired infections—showed positive direct relationships with NEG and COP. Acquired infections, NEG, and COP were identified as direct predictors of mental health outcomes. The relationship between these three stressors and mental health was mediated by NEG and COP. Additionally, the number of pregnancies moderated the mediating effect of COP; this effect was more pronounced among first-time pregnant women than those with multiple pregnancies. Conclusion This study provides insights into how lockdown measures impact psychological outcomes in pregnant women quarantined at home. Interventions aimed at increasing coping strategies may be more effective for primiparous women during future public health emergencies.

Objective: Hundreds of countries have implemented lockdown policies to slow the spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but the impact of these measures on maternal mental health is not well understood. Methods: This study integrated a stress-process model to examine the pathways from lockdown-related stressors to prenatal psychological outcomes, with COVID-19 coping strategies (COP) and self-efficacy in managing negative affect (NEG) as mediators and lockdown duration, hours on pandemic-related information, and number of pregnancies as moderators. Pregnant women in Shanghai completed the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale, COVID-19 Coping Scale, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test and modify the hypothetical model, and moderated mediation and slope analyses were undertaken. Results: In the final SEM demonstrating satisfactory fit, three stressors—decreased household income, insufficient daily supplies, and acquired infections—showed positive direct relationships with NEG and COP. Acquired infections, NEG, and COP were identified as direct predictors of mental health outcomes. The relationship between these three stressors and mental health was mediated by NEG and COP. Additionally, the number of pregnancies moderated the mediating effect of COP; this effect was more pronounced among first-time pregnant women than those with multiple pregnancies. Conclusion This study provides insights into how lockdown measures impact psychological outcomes in pregnant women quarantined at home. Interventions aimed at increasing coping strategies may be more effective for primiparous women during future public health emergencies.

Objective: Hundreds of countries have implemented lockdown policies to slow the spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but the impact of these measures on maternal mental health is not well understood. Methods: This study integrated a stress-process model to examine the pathways from lockdown-related stressors to prenatal psychological outcomes, with COVID-19 coping strategies (COP) and self-efficacy in managing negative affect (NEG) as mediators and lockdown duration, hours on pandemic-related information, and number of pregnancies as moderators. Pregnant women in Shanghai completed the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale, COVID-19 Coping Scale, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test and modify the hypothetical model, and moderated mediation and slope analyses were undertaken. Results: In the final SEM demonstrating satisfactory fit, three stressors—decreased household income, insufficient daily supplies, and acquired infections—showed positive direct relationships with NEG and COP. Acquired infections, NEG, and COP were identified as direct predictors of mental health outcomes. The relationship between these three stressors and mental health was mediated by NEG and COP. Additionally, the number of pregnancies moderated the mediating effect of COP; this effect was more pronounced among first-time pregnant women than those with multiple pregnancies. Conclusion This study provides insights into how lockdown measures impact psychological outcomes in pregnant women quarantined at home. Interventions aimed at increasing coping strategies may be more effective for primiparous women during future public health emergencies.

Objective:To observe the differences in clinical efficacy of Jieyu Anshen Decoction combined with auricular points and oral tibolone in the treatment of patients with perimenopausal sleep disorders, and provide effective treatment for patients with contraindications to hormone supplement therapy in clinicalMethods:Using a randomized trial design, from July 2018 to August 2020,102 perimenopausal insomnia patients in International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institutewith kidney deficiency and liver depression who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group with 51 cases each. The treatment group took Jieyu Anshen Recipe. At the same time, unilateral auricular point pressing treatment was given, and the opposite ear was changed in 5 d. The control group was treated with tiburon for a period of 3 months. The changes in the scores of each scale were observed in the two groups after 1 month and 3 months treatment. The scale included Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), modified Kupperman score (KMI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Screening Scale (PHQ-9). Its effectiveness and differences were evaluated and analyzed comprehensively through the above scale.Results:PSQI, KMI, GAD-7, PHQ-9 scores decreased significantly in the control and treatment groups after 1 month and 3 months of treatment, and the difference were statistically significant: PSQI: (8.58 ± 1.94) and (5.81 ± 1.93) scores vs. (13.10 ± 2.53), (9.15 ± 2.59) and (6.33 ± 1.98) scores vs.(13.52 ± 2.27) scores; KMI: (19.92 ± 2.16) and (14.67 ± 4.11) scores vs. (28.54 ± 7.65) scores, (19.02 ± 5.92) and(14.10 ± 4.37) scores vs. (27.42 ± 7.34) scores; GAD-7: (4.54 ± 2.03) and (3.81 ± 1.63) scores vs. (5.69 ± 2.95) scores, (3.71 ± 2.48) and (3.32 ± 1.73) scores vs. (4.90 ± 3.17) scores; PHQ-9:(6.90 ± 2.52) and (4.98 ± 1.96) scores vs. (9.83 ± 3.71) scores, (6.15 ± 2.62) and (4.44 ± 1.81) scores vs. (9.02 ± 3.73) scores ( P<0.01). PSQI, KMI, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 scores declined between the two groups, but there were no significant differences between the two groups ( P>0.05). After 1 month and 3 months of treatment, using PSQI scale and KMI score, the total efficiency of patients in the control group was slightly higher than that of the treatment group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05); after 1 month and 3 months of treatment, using PHQ-9 score and GAD-7 score, the total efficiency of patients in the treatment group was slightly higher than that of the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Traditional Chinese medicine combined with ear acupoint pressing has similar effects to tibolone in treating perimenopausal insomnia with kidney deficiency and liver depression. It can significantly improve the quality of sleep and quality of life of patients, and has good safety. For patients who are not suitable for hormone, Chinese medicine can be used as an alternative. The therapies are worthy of clinical application.

Necrosis is a form of cell death, which is related to various serious diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegeneration. Necrosis-avid agents (NAAs) selectively accumulated in the necrotic tissues can be used for imaging and/or therapy of related diseases. The aim of this study was to preliminarily investigate necrosis avidity of I-evans blue (I-EB) and its mechanism. The biodistribution of I-EB at 24 h after intravenous administration showed that the radioactivity ratio of necrotic to viable tissue was 3.41 in the liver and 11.82 in the muscle as determined by counting in model rats. Autoradiography and histological staining displayed preferential uptake of I-EB in necrotic tissues. nuclear extracts from necrotic cells exhibited 82.3% of the uptake in nuclei at 15 min, as well as 79.2% of the uptake at 2 h after I-EB incubation. The DNA binding study demonstrated that evans blue (EB) has strong binding affinity with calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) (=5.08×10 L/(mol/L)). Furthermore, the accumulation of I-EB in necrotic muscle was efficiently blocked by an excess amount of unlabeled EB. In conclusion, I-EB can not only detect necrosis by binding the DNA released from necrotic cells, but also image necrotic tissues generated from the disease clinically.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the composition changes of Aurantii fructus before and after fermentation processing and optimize its fermentation processing technology. METHODS:UPLC was conducted to compare the raw and fermentation processed products of same batch of Aurantii fructus,and ensure the chromatographic peaks after fermentation processing. Using peak areas of 4 chromatographic peaks and mildew characteristics of samples as index,fermentation temperature,humidity and time as factor, L9(34)orthogonal test was designed to optimize the fermentation processing technology,and verified it. RESULTS:After fermenta-tion processing,Aurantii fructus obviously showed 2 new monosaccharide glycosides components;the optimized fermentation tech-nology was as follows as fermentation temperature of 30 ℃,humidity of 70% and time of 7 d;verification test results showed RSD of each indicator of decoction pieces prepared by optimized fermentation technology in 3 tests were lower than 2.0%(n=3). CONCLUSIONS:Fermentation processing may lead obvious chemical composition changes in Aurantii fructus;the optimized fer-mentation processing technology can increase the contents of characteristic peaks.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with nosocomial infection in intensive care unit.

METHODSThe clinical data were collected from 229 hospitalized patients with nosocomial infection in intensive care unit from 2009 to 2011.

RESULTSGram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens (68.25%) in the intensive care unit. From 2009 to 2011, the annual isolation rate of multidrug-resistant baumannii showed a significant reduction with time (39.13%, 18.18%, and 15%, respectively, P<0.05), while the prevalence of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci methicillin-resistant strains showed no significant changes in the 3 years (P>0.05). The overall sensitivity of gram-negative bacilli to the antimicrobial agents tended to increase with time. The Gram-negative bacilli remained highly sensitive to carbapenems, tigecycline, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam; the Gram-positive bacilli were highly sensitive to vancomycin, quinoline Nupu Ting/dalfopristin, linezolid, and tigecycline with sensitivity rates all reaching 100%.

CONCLUSIONAdherence to the principles of antibiotic use and effective monitoring and preventive measures are encouraged to reduce antibiotic resistance rates of the bacteria and the incidences of hospital infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Female ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; drug effects ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; drug effects ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the cause and clinical characteristics of maternal cardiac arrest.Methods The data of all cases of maternal cardiac arrest from January 2005 to December 2009 in Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College was retrospectively studied.Results ( 1 ) A total of 41 maternal cardiac arrests (6 in prenatal period,2 in the first stage of labor,7 in the third stage of labor,26 in postpartum period ) were included.All patients regained spontaneous circulation after basic life support.Twelve (29％) mothers survived.Twelve cardiac arrests occurred in the hospital,and the totaldelivery number from January 2005 to December 2009 was 17101,with occurrence rate of 1:1425.(2) Thecauses of arrest were hemorrhagic shock (12,29％),amniotic fluid embolism (7,17％),severepreeclampsia/eclampsia (7,17％),septic shock (6,15％),cardiac disease (2,5％),unidentified cause (2,5％ ) and other occasional causes.(3) Thirty-seven (90％) in-hospital maternal cardiac arrest occurred in operation room (16,39％ ),ICU (7,17％ ),maternity wards (6,15％ ),delivery room (5,12％ ) and the emergency room (3,7％ ).Three (7％) arrest occurred out of hospital and one in the ambulance.Matemal survival rate was 2/3 in the emergency room,8/16 in the operation room,1/5 in the maternity wards,and 1/6 in the delivery room.No mother survived in ICU,ambulance or out of hospital.(4) Five of the 12 survived women showed ischemic encephalopathy after cardiac arrest and one of them developed cerebral infarction in the right corona radiate.(5) In 4 of the 8 cases of cardiac arrest in pregnancy,perimortem caesarean section (PMCS) was performed.In the four PMCS,2 mothers and 2 children survived.In the 4 cases that PMCS was not carried out,no infant survived.Conclusions Hemorrhagic shock,severe preeclampsia and eclampsia,amniotic fluid embolism are the major obstetric causes of maternal cardiac arrest.Septic shock and cardiac diseases are the major non-obstetric causes.Cardiac arrests occurred in emergency room and operation room has a higher maternal survival rate than those occurred in the delivery room and maternity wards.Timely PMCS may ensure the optimal outcome for mothers and fetuses.