Ferroptosis is a key driver of the onset and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. By exploring the role of ferroptosis in COPD from the perspective of "qi deficiency with retention and stagnation"， it is considered that mitochondrial dysfunction and imbalanced antioxidant defenses are the microscopic manifestations of "qi deficiency"， whereas iron accumulation and lipid peroxide deposition constitute the pathological basis of "retention and stagnation". In traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， the treatment principle is tonifying deficiency and benefiting qi， scattering retention and unblocking stagnation. Its mechanism involves improving the antioxidant system and mitochondrial function to enhance cellular resistance to ferroptosis， as well as relieving pulmonary iron overload， excessive lipid peroxidation， and inflammatory factor release to reduce the accumulation of pathological products， thereby exerting therapeutic effects on COPD.

In recent years,significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease.In line with global advancements,two anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies have been approved and successfully launched in China for clinical use.Lecanemab and Donanemab were officially used in June 2024 and April 2025 in China,respectively.In order to standardize the rational and safe application of anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies for Alzheimer's disease in China,this article integrates recom-mendations from the clinical trials and real-world experience from the author's team and domestic peers to further update the recom-mendations for the clinical use of anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibody based on the 2024 version.It includes indications for therapy,pre-treatment evaluation and preparation,administration protocols and safety measures during treatment,and post-treatment monitor-ing strategies.

Objective:To analyze the research status, hotspots and trends of "thirteen ghost acupoints".Methods:Literature related to the study of "thirteen ghost acupoints" from January 1,1993 to December 31, 2023 was retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and CBM. CiteSpace 6.3.R1 software was used to conduct co-occurrence analysis of authors and institutions, as well as co-occurrence, clustering, timeline, and prominence analysis of keywords in the included literature.Results:A total of 221 articles were included, and the annual trend of the number of articles was fluctuating, with 25 articles reaching the peak in 2017. Cui Housong was the author with the most publications (7 articles). The institution with the most publications was Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (14 articles). keyword co-occurrence and cluster time axis analysis showed that Sun Simiao, literature research and medical records were the hot literature research and interpretation; acupuncture therapy, moxibustion ghost therapy, transcutaneous electric stimulation at acupoints and blood-letting stimulation were the research hotspots; mental diseases, disturbance of consciousness, ynecological diseases and acute trauma were the research hotspots in clinical dominant diseases. The long time span of each research hotspot indicated that the study of the thirteen ghost acupoints was of great value and has been gradually concerned by people. The analysis results of keyword emergence indicated that depression syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, guitang acupoint, emotional disease, lateral habenular nucleus, Tongdu Tiaoshen had greater influence and stronger explosive force, which may be a research hotspot of thirteen ghost acupoints.Conclusions:At present, the study of thirteen ghost acupoints focuses on the textual research, intervention methods and clinical dominant diseases, it is predicted that the future research trend will mainly focus on the compatibility of thirteen ghost acupoints, the mechanism of treatment and the specific mechanism to carry out. At the same time, scholars should pay attention to the study of the clinical application category of thirteen ghost acupoints and explore its clinical value in more diseases. It is suggested to strengthen the academic exchange among the research teams, and promote the further development of thirteen ghost acupoints.

Objective To study the damage effect of high-voltage electric shock on skin based on metabolomics,analyze its metabolic differences,and explore its injury mechanism.Methods A total of 16 SPF C57BL/6J male mice were divided into the electric shock group(head skin received electric shock treatment)and control group(head skin received electric shock acoustic-optical stimulation),and the skin appearance after treatment of mice in the two groups was observed.The histopathological changes caused by electric shock were analyzed by HE staining,EVG staining and Masson staining.GC-MS and LC-MS metabonomics were used to analyze the changes of skin metabolism spectrum and tissue metabolites after electric shock exposure,and the differential metabolites were analyzed.The obtained differential metabolites were combined and KEGG enrichment analysis was conducted.Results After high-voltage electric shock,the skin of mice could be damaged to the dermis,and the epidermis was partially thickened,lifted and separated.The structure of skin appendages in the dermis was destroyed,with a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrating and obvious swelling,accompanied by congestion,which led to severe skin inflammatory reaction and impaired skin barrier function.Metabonomics analysis suggested that the metabolites changed after electric shock exposure.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that electric shock significantly affected the central carbon metabolism pathway of cancer,pentose phosphate pathway,purine metabolism,glycine,serine and threonine metabolism processes,amino acid tRNA biosynthesis mechanism,glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway,pyrimidine metabolism pattern,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,alanine metabolism process,glucagon signal pathway and so on.Conclusion High voltage electric shock can cause deep skin damage,disturb its energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism,and seriously interfere with its antioxidant and DNA repair system functions.

AIM:This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism by which tubeimoside I(TBMS1)inhibits Snail expression in pancreatic cancer cells(PANC-1).METHODS:Human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells were cultured in vitro.The inhibitory effect of TBMS1 on PANC-1 cells was assessed using the MTT assay,and the data were analyzed based on the IC50 value of TBMS1.The impact of TBMS1 on the clonal formation ability of PANC-1 cells was evaluated through colony formation assays.The Transwell assay was employed to assess the effect of TBMS1 on the migrato-ry capability of PANC-1 cells.Apoptosis and cell cycle alterations in PANC-1 cells were analyzed using acridine orange staining and flow cytometry.The expression of Snail protein in pancreatic cancer and its relationship with survival of the patients were analyzed using the GEPIA database and Kaplan-Meier Plotter data.Immunofluorescence staining was con-ducted to investigate the effect of TBMS1 on Snail expression,while Western blot was used to evaluate the expression of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP),E-cadherin and Snail in the cells.The ubiquitination of Snail protein was mea-sured using immunoprecipitation techniques.RESULTS:As the concentration of TBMS1 increased,the survival rate and number of clones formed by PANC-1 cells progressively decreased,leading to apoptosis,cleavage of PARP,and cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase.There was also a reduction in the proportion of cells in the S phase and a decrease in cell migration ability.The expression of Snail protein,a critical factor in cell migration,was inhibited,while E-cadherin protein levels were increased.Treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 was able to reverse the suppression of Snail protein ex-pression caused by TBMS1.Immunoprecipitation results indicated that TBMS1 enhances the ubiquitination and subse-quent degradation of Snail protein.CONCLUSION:TBMS1 effectively inhibits the malignant progression of pancreatic cancer cells by promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of Snail protein in PANC-1 cells.

In order to adapt to teaching reform of Medical Immunology and create a"golden course",through teaching prac-tice,our research group proposes a"three-dimensional curriculum teaching system",which organically combines teaching concepts with teaching design and process,with construction of various resources(material libraries),and finally,multi-level teaching evalua-tion is completed to achieve overall unity of teaching.

Objective To evaluate the value of high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT)signs combined with artificial intelligence(AI)quantitative indexes in differentiating mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)from bacterial pneumonia(BP)in adults.Methods A total of 100 patients with adult MPP and 100 with adult BP were selected.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent factors that contribute to the differentiation of these two types of pneumonia.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and area under the curve(AUC)were employed to evaluate the discrimination ability of the two types of pneumonia.Results A comparison of gender and age between the two groups revealed statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).A comparison of bronchial wall thickening,bud sign,and solid shadows between the two groups yielded statistically significant differences(P＜0.05),while small nodules did not(P＞0.05).AI-based quantification revealed significant differences in distribution of inflammatory foci,consolidation/total lesion ratio,ground-glass opacity(GGO)/total lesion ratio,consolidation density,and GGO density(P＜0.05).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that left upper lobe(％),left lower lobe(％),right upper lobe(％),right middle lobe(％),and right lower lobe(％)were independent factors that contributed to the identification of the two types of pneumonia.The AUC for HRCT signs alone,AI quantitative indexes alone,and HRCT signs combined with AI quantitative indexes in differentiating the two types of pneumonia were 0.715[95％confidence interval(CI)0.643-0.787],0.822(95％CI 0.764-0.881),and 0.853(95％CI 0.801-0.905),respectively.The utilization of HRCT signs combined with AI quantitative indexes had been demonstrated to possess a substantial capacity to accurately identify two types of pneumonia.Conclusion HRCT signs combined with AI quantitative indexes can improve the accuracy of differentiating MPP from BP in adults.

In order to adapt to teaching reform of Medical Immunology and create a"golden course",through teaching prac-tice,our research group proposes a"three-dimensional curriculum teaching system",which organically combines teaching concepts with teaching design and process,with construction of various resources(material libraries),and finally,multi-level teaching evalua-tion is completed to achieve overall unity of teaching.

Objective:To explore the relationship between impulsivity traits,anxiety,and symptoms of eating disorders,with a focus on the mediating effect of anxiety between impulsivity and eating disorder symptoms.Me-thods:A total of 244 patients with eating disorders meeting the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa(AN)and bulimia nervosa(BN)were enrolled,and the Eating Disorder Inventory-1(EDI-1),Barratt Impulsive-ness Scale(BIS-11),and the State Anxiety Inventory(SAI)were assessed.Mediation role analysis was performed by SPSS macro PROCESS program.Results:There was a significant positive correlation between the total score of BIS-11,SAI and EDI-1 in AN and BN patients(AN,r=0.56,0.63,0.72;P＜0.001.BN,r=0.51,0.31,0.56;P＜0.001 or P＜0.01).The total score of SAI played a mediating effect between the total score of BIS-11 and the total score of EDI-1,but the total score of SAI played a partial mediating effect(effect ratio was 46.9％)in patients with AN,and the total score of SAI played a full mediating effect in patients with BN.Conclusion:Impulsive trait and anxiety may be positive predictors of eating disorder symptoms.Anxiety mediates the relationship between impul-sivity trait and eating disorder symptoms,with a partial mediating effect in patients with AN and a full mediating effect in patients with BN.

Objective To explore the driving forces behind the changes in the salary system of public hospitals in China and provide scientific evidence and policy recommendations for further improving the salary system.Methods Using the multiple streams theoretical framework,combined with bibliometric analysis and policy texts analysis,to deeply understand the factors influencing the salary system reform of public hospitals.Results The problem stream highlights issues such as low salary levels,structural imbalances,and insufficient incentives:the average wage of health and social work employees is only 1.19 times the national average,with a disproportionately low share of ba-sic salary and allowances.The policy stream is grounded in the accumulation of long-term academic research and lo-cal pilot experiences:from 2002 to 2025,attention to hospital remuneration has steadily increased;the pilot reform in Sanming City led to an average annual salary growth rate of 11.87％for medical staff.The political stream is driven by the government's"Healthy China"strategy and public opinion orientation:the reform of the public hospital sala-ry system from 1993 till now can be divided into three stages,with reform objectives gradually shifting towards the establishment of a scientifically sound and rational salary distribution system.The synergy of these three streams has facilitated the opening of a"policy window"for salary system reform in public hospitals.Conclusion It is essential to establish a dynamic salary adjustment mechanism,encourage the participation of experts and stakeholders in the policymaking process,and better align with national reform orientations.