Derived from adipose tissue,stromal vascular fraction(SVF)contains heterogeneous cell popu-lations including adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs),adipose precursor cells,endothelial cells,and macro-phages,which can be isolated manually or in an automated closed system by enzymatic and non-enzymatic tech-nique.SVF has been widely applied in various fields because of its role in wound healing and tissue repair,and in recent years,SVF has been applied to promote their pair of scar,skin rejuvenation and hair regeneration,and improve the survival of fat grafting,which has achieved significant efficacy.However,there is a lack of effective integration of clinical research on SVF in the field of plastic surgery.This paper provides a systematic review of the definition,mechanism and applications of SVF in order to investigate the potential of SVF as a novel strategy for tissue regeneration and repair treatment in the field of plastic surgery and to point out the direction for further advancements in SVF research.

Objective:To explore the influence of different scanning positions based on chest phantom of computed tomography(CT)scan on chest on image quality and radiation dose.Methods:A thermoluminescent dosimeter(TLD)was placed at the breast area of simulating anthropoid chest phantom.GE Revolution evo CT was used to conduct scan on the conventional supine position(supine group)and prone position(prone group)for chest phantom.Different noise indexes(NI=10-23)were adjusted to control ration doses,and other parameters were fixed,and each group collected 12 sequence images.The average value(AV),standard deviation(SD)of the CT scan at region of interest(ROI)under different scanning positions were recorded to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of the image.The radiation dose at the breast area was measured by TLD,and the volume CT dose index(CTDIvol)and dose-length product(DLP)were recorded.Results:Under different scanning positions,the radiation dose of breast organs in the prone group was lower than that in the supine group,there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(t=6.57,P<0.05),while there were not statistically significant differences in CTDIvol and DLP between the two groups(P>0.05).There were not statistically significant differences in the CT values,SD,SNR,CNR of lung tissue,and the CT values of breast tissue between the two groups of images(P>0.05).The SD,SNR and CNR of breast tissue in the prone group were lower than those in the supine group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=-13.33,-10.59,6.70,P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the subjective scores of the clarity of the edge of the tissue within lung,the layers of soft tissue of the breast,noise,and artifacts in the bone tissue between the two groups of images(P>0.05).Conclusion:When low-dose CT physical examination on chest is conducted in clinical practice,the scanning of prone position during undergoing CT scan on chest can obtain image quality that can meet the requirements in diagnosing lung,and reduce the radiation dose on the breast,and conform to the technical principle of optimal radiation protection.

Objective:To investigate the influence and mechanism of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs), i.e. hADMSC-EVs on pyroptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by high glucose, with the aim of providing evidence for improving vascular function in diabetic wounds.Methods:This study was an experimental research. The umbilical cords from 5 women aged 25 to 40 years were collected who had normal vaginal delivery at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from June to September in 2023, and HUVECs were isolated and successfully identified. Adipose tissue was obtained from 6 healthy women aged 25 to 35 years who underwent abdomen liposuction at the Department of Plastic Surgery of the above-mentioned hospital in the same period. After hADMSCs were isolated, hADMSC-EVs were extracted and successfully identified. The fourth passage of HUVECs were cultured in endothelial cell medium containing glucose in a molarity of 33 mmol/L and divided into phosphate buffered solution (PBS) group cultured with PBS, EV group cultured with hADMSC-EVs, and EV+LY294002 group cultured with hADMSC-EVs and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related proteins PI3K and Akt, and pyroptosis-related proteins nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-1 (caspase-1), gasdermin D, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-18 of cells after 48 hours of culture. A cell counting kit-8 was used to test the proliferation levels of cells at 0 (immediately), 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hours of culture. After 48 hours of culture, the cell scratch test was performed and the cell migration rates at 12 and 24 hours after scratching were calculated; the cell Transwell assay was conducted and the number of cells migrating in 24 hours was calculated; the cell tube formation experiment was performed, and the total length of tube formation and the number of branch nodes were measured and counted. The sample size was 3.Results:After 48 hours of culture, the protein expressions of PI3K and Akt of cells in EV group were significantly higher than those in PBS group ( P<0.05), and the protein expressions of PI3K and Akt of cells in EV+LY294002 group were significantly lower than those in EV group ( P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, the protein expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1, gasdermin D, IL-1β, and IL-18 of cells in EV group were 0.54±0.08, 0.96±0.11, 0.525±0.061, 1.216±0.039, and 1.317±0.023, respectively, which were significantly lower than 2.32±0.11, 1.86±0.07, 1.256±0.113, 2.589±0.084, and 2.042±0.132 in PBS group ( P<0.05); the protein expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1, gasdermin D, IL-1β, and IL-18 of cells in EV+LY294002 group were 1.16±0.05, 1.37±0.06, 0.962±0.028, 1.834±0.017, and 1.803±0.065, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in EV group ( P<0.05). At 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hours of culture, the proliferation levels of cells in EV group were significantly higher than those in PBS group ( P<0.05), and the proliferation levels of cells in EV+LY294002 group were significantly lower than those in EV group ( P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, the cell migration rates at 12 and 24 hours after scratching in EV group were significantly higher than those in PBS group ( P<0.05), and the cell migration rates at 12 and 24 hours after scratching in EV+LY294002 group were significantly lower than those in EV group ( P<0.05); the number of cells migrating in 24 hours in EV group was significantly greater than that in PBS group ( P<0.05), and the number of cells migrating in 24 hours in EV+LY294002 group was significantly less than that in EV group ( P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, compared with those in PBS group, the total length of tube formation of cells in EV group was significantly prolonged ( P<0.05), and the number of branch nodes was significantly increased ( P<0.05); compared with those in EV group, the total length of tube formation in EV+LY294002 group was significantly shortened ( P<0.05), and the number of branch nodes was significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusions:hADMSC-EVs can inhibit the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins in HUVECs induced by high glucose through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and improve the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis capabilities of HUVECs.

Pyroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death mediated by caspase,resulting in cell swelling rupture and release of inflammatory factors.The persistent infection and high inflammation of diabetic wound are closely related to pyroptosis.This article reviews the research progress on the correlation between pyroptosis and DM wounds.

Pyroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death mediated by caspase,resulting in cell swelling rupture and release of inflammatory factors.The persistent infection and high inflammation of diabetic wound are closely related to pyroptosis.This article reviews the research progress on the correlation between pyroptosis and DM wounds.

Derived from adipose tissue,stromal vascular fraction(SVF)contains heterogeneous cell popu-lations including adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs),adipose precursor cells,endothelial cells,and macro-phages,which can be isolated manually or in an automated closed system by enzymatic and non-enzymatic tech-nique.SVF has been widely applied in various fields because of its role in wound healing and tissue repair,and in recent years,SVF has been applied to promote their pair of scar,skin rejuvenation and hair regeneration,and improve the survival of fat grafting,which has achieved significant efficacy.However,there is a lack of effective integration of clinical research on SVF in the field of plastic surgery.This paper provides a systematic review of the definition,mechanism and applications of SVF in order to investigate the potential of SVF as a novel strategy for tissue regeneration and repair treatment in the field of plastic surgery and to point out the direction for further advancements in SVF research.

Objective:To explore the influence of different scanning positions based on chest phantom of computed tomography(CT)scan on chest on image quality and radiation dose.Methods:A thermoluminescent dosimeter(TLD)was placed at the breast area of simulating anthropoid chest phantom.GE Revolution evo CT was used to conduct scan on the conventional supine position(supine group)and prone position(prone group)for chest phantom.Different noise indexes(NI=10-23)were adjusted to control ration doses,and other parameters were fixed,and each group collected 12 sequence images.The average value(AV),standard deviation(SD)of the CT scan at region of interest(ROI)under different scanning positions were recorded to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of the image.The radiation dose at the breast area was measured by TLD,and the volume CT dose index(CTDIvol)and dose-length product(DLP)were recorded.Results:Under different scanning positions,the radiation dose of breast organs in the prone group was lower than that in the supine group,there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(t=6.57,P<0.05),while there were not statistically significant differences in CTDIvol and DLP between the two groups(P>0.05).There were not statistically significant differences in the CT values,SD,SNR,CNR of lung tissue,and the CT values of breast tissue between the two groups of images(P>0.05).The SD,SNR and CNR of breast tissue in the prone group were lower than those in the supine group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=-13.33,-10.59,6.70,P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the subjective scores of the clarity of the edge of the tissue within lung,the layers of soft tissue of the breast,noise,and artifacts in the bone tissue between the two groups of images(P>0.05).Conclusion:When low-dose CT physical examination on chest is conducted in clinical practice,the scanning of prone position during undergoing CT scan on chest can obtain image quality that can meet the requirements in diagnosing lung,and reduce the radiation dose on the breast,and conform to the technical principle of optimal radiation protection.

Objective:To investigate the influence and mechanism of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs), i.e. hADMSC-EVs on pyroptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by high glucose, with the aim of providing evidence for improving vascular function in diabetic wounds.Methods:This study was an experimental research. The umbilical cords from 5 women aged 25 to 40 years were collected who had normal vaginal delivery at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from June to September in 2023, and HUVECs were isolated and successfully identified. Adipose tissue was obtained from 6 healthy women aged 25 to 35 years who underwent abdomen liposuction at the Department of Plastic Surgery of the above-mentioned hospital in the same period. After hADMSCs were isolated, hADMSC-EVs were extracted and successfully identified. The fourth passage of HUVECs were cultured in endothelial cell medium containing glucose in a molarity of 33 mmol/L and divided into phosphate buffered solution (PBS) group cultured with PBS, EV group cultured with hADMSC-EVs, and EV+LY294002 group cultured with hADMSC-EVs and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related proteins PI3K and Akt, and pyroptosis-related proteins nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-1 (caspase-1), gasdermin D, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-18 of cells after 48 hours of culture. A cell counting kit-8 was used to test the proliferation levels of cells at 0 (immediately), 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hours of culture. After 48 hours of culture, the cell scratch test was performed and the cell migration rates at 12 and 24 hours after scratching were calculated; the cell Transwell assay was conducted and the number of cells migrating in 24 hours was calculated; the cell tube formation experiment was performed, and the total length of tube formation and the number of branch nodes were measured and counted. The sample size was 3.Results:After 48 hours of culture, the protein expressions of PI3K and Akt of cells in EV group were significantly higher than those in PBS group ( P<0.05), and the protein expressions of PI3K and Akt of cells in EV+LY294002 group were significantly lower than those in EV group ( P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, the protein expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1, gasdermin D, IL-1β, and IL-18 of cells in EV group were 0.54±0.08, 0.96±0.11, 0.525±0.061, 1.216±0.039, and 1.317±0.023, respectively, which were significantly lower than 2.32±0.11, 1.86±0.07, 1.256±0.113, 2.589±0.084, and 2.042±0.132 in PBS group ( P<0.05); the protein expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1, gasdermin D, IL-1β, and IL-18 of cells in EV+LY294002 group were 1.16±0.05, 1.37±0.06, 0.962±0.028, 1.834±0.017, and 1.803±0.065, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in EV group ( P<0.05). At 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hours of culture, the proliferation levels of cells in EV group were significantly higher than those in PBS group ( P<0.05), and the proliferation levels of cells in EV+LY294002 group were significantly lower than those in EV group ( P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, the cell migration rates at 12 and 24 hours after scratching in EV group were significantly higher than those in PBS group ( P<0.05), and the cell migration rates at 12 and 24 hours after scratching in EV+LY294002 group were significantly lower than those in EV group ( P<0.05); the number of cells migrating in 24 hours in EV group was significantly greater than that in PBS group ( P<0.05), and the number of cells migrating in 24 hours in EV+LY294002 group was significantly less than that in EV group ( P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, compared with those in PBS group, the total length of tube formation of cells in EV group was significantly prolonged ( P<0.05), and the number of branch nodes was significantly increased ( P<0.05); compared with those in EV group, the total length of tube formation in EV+LY294002 group was significantly shortened ( P<0.05), and the number of branch nodes was significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusions:hADMSC-EVs can inhibit the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins in HUVECs induced by high glucose through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and improve the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis capabilities of HUVECs.

Objective:To explore and compare the image quality and radiation dose between the spiral scanning and the axial scanning for skull phantom based on specific conditions.Methods:The position of the orbitomeatal base line(OBL)of the skull phantom was marked,and the different angles of elevation of skull were adjusted.The angles between OBL and bed surface were respectively set as 90°,100°,110° and 120°.The axial scanning and spiral scanning were respective adopted to conduct 24 times of image acquisition when the computed tomography dose index(CTDIvol)of fixed volume were respectively 40,50 and 60 mGy.The cross section of axial scanning was vertical to OBL,and the images of spiral scanning used the reconstructed technique of image quality enhancement(IQE)of removing spiral artifacts to conduct reconstruction along the OBL direction.The CT value(HU)and standard deviation(SD)of the bilateral cerebellum,temporal lobe,frontal lobe and parietal lobe of the phantom were measured,and the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of each lobe of the phantom was calculated.The CTDIvol and dose-length product(DLP)were recorded,and the effective dose(ED)of lens was calculated.Results:The differences of the SNR values of cerebellum and occipital lobe(R),cerebellum and occipital lobe(L),temporal lobe(R),temporal lobe(L),frontal lobe(R),frontal lobe(L),parietal lobe(R)and parietal lobe(L)between two kinds of scanning models were significant(F=6.48,5.83,7.00,6.20,7.30,8.26,5.72,5.83,P<0.05),respectively.There was significant difference in lens DLP between the two kinds of scanning models(F=10.96,P<0.05).The spiral scanning and IQE reconstructed technique were used to conduct image acquisition and processing.The SNR value of spiral scanning imaging was better than that of axial scanning,and the reconstructions of coronal and sagittal positions could be conducted,and the radiation doses of lens were similar,but the DLP value of spiral scanning was slightly higher than that of axial scanning at the same CTDIvol.Conclusion:Using the IQE reconstruction technique of spiral scanning can obtain satisfactory CT sectional images of skull under the situations that machine cannot change scanning angle or the scanning of axial position is unable to conduct cooperation.

Exosomes(Exos)are nano-sized mem-brane vesicles actively secreted by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADSCs),carrying bioactive molecules such as long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),microRNA(miRNA),and circular RNA(circRNA),which are non-coding RNAs(ncRNA)that enter into the corresponding target cells and participate in in-tercellular communication.ADSC-Exo-ncRNA can regulate the immune and inflammatory response,angiogenesis,accelerate skin cell proliferation and epithelialization,and regulate collagen remodeling,thereby enhancing wound repair ability.Therefore,ADSC-Exo-ncRNA exerts an significant role in the process of wound repair and provides a promising strategy for treatment.In this paper,we review the role of ADSC-Exo-ncRNA in wound healing and its application prospects in recent year.