OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to survey the need, the utilization, and the influencing factors of dental services for children in selected areas in Chongqing province by investigating their oral health status. The survey will provide references for preventive oral health care in targeted Chongqing areas, which may improve the level of oral health among pre-school children. METHODS: Random cluster sampling was utilized according to standards of the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological sampling survey, and 1 300 children between the ages of three and four years old from 24 kindergartens in 12 subdistricts of three areas in Chongqing were interviewed for free dental checkups and to participate in the survey. The questionnaires were designed according to the Anderson model and were answered by the children's parents. The results were analyzed utilizing Chi-square test logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of caries among the pre-school children in selected areas of Chongqing was 55.4%, the decay, missing, filled surface (dmfs) was 6 696, the mean dmfs was 5.2, and the caries filling constituent ratio was 2.3%. A total of 1 173 questionnaires were analyzed. The ratio for seeing a dentist for therapeutic reasons was 6.31% (74/1 173) and for prevalence was 22.93% (269/1 173). CONCLUSIONS The oral health service needs of pre-school children in selected areas of Chongqing are large and the oral health service utilization rate is low. Oral health care processes are arduous; thus, targeted oral prevention policies should be created.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dental Care ; statistics & numerical data ; Dental Caries ; Dental Health Surveys ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Prevalence

PURPOSE: This study was to identify health behavior, health service use, and health related quality of life of adult women in one-person and multi-person households. METHODS: It was used data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-2017). Subjects were 2,522 women with age of 19 to 64 years in 2017. Complex sampling design and data analysis were performed using SPSS 20.1. RESULTS: Women in one-person households had higher rates of alcohol drinking (χ²=13.77, p=.003), smoking (χ²=16.07, p=.001), unmet medical care (χ²=8.77, p=.004) and non-practice of cancer screening (χ²=13.77, p=.003) compared to women in multi-person households. Health-related quality of life was also lower for women in one-person households (t=−2.46, p=.015). Factors affecting health-related quality of life in one-person households were household income, job status, and unmet dental care, having 32.4% explanatory power. One-person household women with low incomes, no jobs, and unmet dental care showed low health-related quality of life. In comparison, factors affecting health-related quality of life of women in multi-person household women were age, education level, unmet medical care, and unmet dental care, having 10.4% explaining power. Women in multi-person households with age of 60–64, low education level, unmet medical care, and unmet dental care showed low health-related quality of life. CONCLUSION: Health promotion strategies should be developed based on unique understanding of social, economic, and health of adult women in one-person and multi-person households.
Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Dental Care ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Education ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Promotion ; Health Services ; Humans ; Korea ; Nutrition Surveys ; Quality of Life ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Statistics as Topic

BACKGROUND: Early childhood caries (ECC) affects children across Japan and throughout the world. Thus, it is important to identify dietary and dental care habits that either promote oral health or cause ECC. The objective of this study was to identify protective and risk factors associated with ECC in Japan. METHODS: In a typical rural Japanese community, we selected children born between 2004 and 2008 who had received checkups at their community health center including oral examinations conducted by dentists. We obtained data from children's records and from a questionnaire filled out by parents. We enrolled only children who at their checkup for 18-month-olds had no caries, and we obtained data about them at their checkup for 3-year-olds. We classified children as either having caries (treated or untreated) or being caries-free. We conducted bivariate analyses using data on child/family demographic characteristics, child's dietary habits, and child/parental oral health habits. We also conducted logistic regression analysis to control for variables and identify predictors of the presence/absence of caries. RESULTS: Five hundred sixty six children (278 boys, 288 girls) were enrolled and followed. After 2 years, 173 children (30.6%) presented with caries. Logistic regression analysis predicting caries at follow-up identified the interaction term "bottlefed overnight and brushed irregularly" at 18 months of age as a highly significant predictor of developing caries-adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 14.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-199.71. Two variables measured at follow-up were also significant predictors: having low levels of dental plaque (AOR 2.41, 95% CI 1.34-4.35) and having a mother who had untreated caries (AOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.09-3.12). CONCLUSION Public health efforts should encourage parents to eliminate bottle feeding overnight and promote brushing twice daily as children's teeth begin to erupt. Greater efforts should be made to teach parents and daytime caregivers how to brush effectively to remove all plaque. Health professionals should pay close attention to mothers' oral health status. Mothers with caries should receive prompt treatment and be assisted in developing better dietary and oral health habits that will benefit themselves and their children. Policies and programs should focus more on family oral health rather than just child oral health.
Dental Caries ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Home Care Services ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Japan ; epidemiology ; Male ; Oral Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Prevalence ; Protective Factors ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the prevalence of Candida albicans and early childhood caries(ECC) among 3-5 years old children of Uygur and Han nationalities in Kashi city, Xinjiang province.

METHODSTotally 397 generally healthy children(Uyghurs 256, Hans141) aged 3-5 years were recruited randomly in Kashi city using the stratified cluster random method. Dental plaque samples were collected from carious tooth tissues of children with ECC and from supragingival tooth sites of caries free(CF) children, respectively. Plaque samples were cultured and Candida albicans were isolated selectively by using CHROM agar candida medium. The isolates were further identified using methods of germ tubes test, Gram stain and PCR molecular biology. The data were analyzed using Pearson χ(2) test and Spearman analysis.

RESULTSThe prevalenses of Candida albicans were 44.5% (114/256) in Han children and 31.2%(44/141) in Urgur children, respectively(P=0.009). Candida albicans could be isolated from 48.8% (124/254) of ECC children, while 23.8% (34/143) of CF ones(P=0.000). The frequencies of Candida albicans acquisition of boys and girls of Uygur children were 51.2%(66/129) and 37.8%(48/127), respectively (P=0.031). The frequencies of Candida albicans acquisition increased with the decayed missing filled tooth (dmft) scores. For both Uygur and Hanchildren, the detection rates of Candida albicans were correlated with dmft scores(Uygur r=0.350, P=0.001; Han r=0.276, P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONSThe oral Candida albicans distributions were different in Uygur and Han ethnic groups. There were significant correlations between the presence of Candida albicans and ECC severityas well as score of dmft. There was a difference of the Candida albicans distributions between boys and girls among Uygur children. Candida albicans might be one of the important cariogenic microorganisms in ECC.

Candida albicans ; isolation & purification ; Candidiasis ; epidemiology ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Dental Care ; Dental Caries ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Dental Plaque ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Ethnic Groups ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVETo analyze the status and characteristics of dental manpower in the center for disease controls (CDC) in Sichuan Province and to provide more evidence for strengthening the oral healthcare workforce in the CDC system.

METHODSA mass survey on dental manpower was made in CDCs in Sichuan Province through questionnaire investigation. Data were collected and entered with the Epidemiological Dynamic Data Collection (EDDC) platform and analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software.

RESULTSSichuan Province had 0.15 hospitals providing oral health services and 0.38 dentists on average per 10,000 people. About 65.53% (135/206) of the CDCs had one department responsible for the oral health service. However, oral health care personnel comprised only 2.23% (237/10,624) of the personnel of the whole CDC system. About 64.67% (119/184) of county CDCs and 47.62% (10/21) of city CDCs knew well the dental health status of local residents. Less than 5% of the CDCs used the data and assisted in the policy making of public health administrators.

CONCLUSIONThe dental care personal deficit exists in the CDC system in Sichuan Province. The distribution and composition of dental manpower are not reasonable. The oral health service ability of CDCs in Sichuan Province should be strengthened and improved.

China ; Dental Care ; statistics & numerical data ; Dentists ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

This study was conducted to detail tooth loss patterns in older adults with special needs. A total of 491 elderly subjects with special needs were retrospectively selected and followed during 10/1999-12/2006. Medical, dental, cognitive, and functional assessments were abstracted from dental records and used to predict risk of tooth loss. Tooth loss events were recorded for subjects during follow-up. Chi-squared tests were used to study the association between tooth loss and the selected risk factors. Logistic, poisson, and negative binomial regressions were developed to study tooth loss patterns. Overall, 27% of the subjects lost at least one tooth during follow-up. Fourteen subjects had tooth loss events per 100 person-years. Tooth loss pattern did not differ significantly among different special-needs subgroups (i.e. community-dwelling vs. long-term care, physically disabled vs. functionally independent). Special-needs subjects with three or more active dental conditions at arrival had more than twice the risk of losing teeth than those without any existing conditions. After adjusting other factors, the number of carious teeth or retained roots at arrival was a significant predictor of tooth loss for older adults with special needs (P = 0.001). These findings indicate that appropriately managing active caries and associated conditions is important to prevent tooth loss for older adults with special needs.
Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Cohort Studies ; Dental Care for Aged ; statistics & numerical data ; Dental Caries ; epidemiology ; Disabled Persons ; statistics & numerical data ; Follow-Up Studies ; Geriatric Assessment ; Humans ; Incidence ; Independent Living ; Logistic Models ; Longitudinal Studies ; Minnesota ; epidemiology ; Nursing Homes ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Tooth Loss ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this survey was to assess dental knowledge and behaviors of the teachers and mothers of school children.

METHODSAll data was collected from 1365 mothers of first grade students and 215 schoolteachers in Yichang, Hubei by using questionnaires and, analyzed using SPSS software.

RESULTSThe level of dental knowledge was higher among schoolteachers than among mothers; the mothers were mostly informed through television/book (62.4%/51.5%), while teachers received information from various sources, including the dentists (75.3%). Most of the children (94.0%) didn't have practical support from their parents in daily tooth cleaning. Only 18.9% of them visited the dentist at least once per year.

CONCLUSIONThis finding suggested that we should emphasize oral healthy education among mothers and schoolteachers, in order to promote school-based oral health education program.

Adult ; Attitude to Health ; Child ; China ; Dental Care for Children ; statistics & numerical data ; Dental Caries ; prevention & control ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Education, Dental ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Mothers ; Periodontal Diseases ; prevention & control ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teaching ; Toothbrushing ; statistics & numerical data

A sample of 555 students from three geographically and socioculturally different areas within the Southern Highlands Province, between the ages of 12 and 15 years, was examined in June 1995 to assess the oral health status for planning, monitoring and evaluation purposes. The prevalence of dental caries was found to be 57%, with a DMFT (decayed, missing and filled teeth) score of 1.70 (+/- 2.25) with DT, MT and FT scores of 1.47, 0.12 and 0.10 respectively. 54% of students had active caries and 27% had a DMFT score more than 3. Gingivitis was prevalent among students and visible calculus was present in 35% of them. Only 29% were dentally fit and did not need treatment. About 3% needed some form of orthodontic treatment, and endodontic and cosmetic treatment were respectively needed in 3.5% and 2% of the children.
DMF Index ; Dental Care - standards ; Dental Care - standards ; Dental Care - statistics & ; numerical data ; Oral Health - standards ; Population Surveillance