Epilepsy is a chronic brain disorder characterized by abnormal synchronous neuronal discharges in the brain, often accompanied by various complications. The pathogenesis of epilepsy has not yet been fully elucidated. Optogenetics, a cutting-edge technique that integrates optics and genetics, enables precise modulation of specific neurons by regulating light-sensitive proteins. Utilizing optogenetic technology has facilitated the dissection of neural circuits involved in epileptic seizures within brain regions such as the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus. It has also helped identify potential therapeutic targets for epilepsy-related complications, including cognitive impairment, sudden unexpected death in epilepsy and mood disorders.However, in the process of advancing from basic research to clinical treatment, its translational path is profoundly influenced by factors such as stimulation modes (the choice between open-loop and closed-loop systems), key parameters (light frequency), and intervention strategies (unilateral or bilateral target selection). The individualized customization of these factors represents the future direction for overcoming current translational bottlenecks and achieving precise treatment.

Objective:To explore medical students'cognition,current status,and demands regarding practical skills training in a medical college under the background of new medical science.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical undergraduates from Year 1 to Year 5 in a medical college.A self-designed scale was used to investigate the cognition,current status,and demands related to new medical education concepts.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between satisfaction with practical teaching facilities and variables including understanding of new medical education,curriculum design,and proportion of practical teaching.Multiple linear regression was conducted to investigate the factors influencing satisfaction.Results:Among 1 253 participants,70.71%acquired new medical science information through online media,while 52.99%learned about it via school courses.Over 80%endorsed"whole-cycle health management"(preventive care before disease onset 91.94%,disease treatment 81.72%,and post-illness rehabilitation 82.60%).Experimental courses(85.16%),clinical skills training(66.88%),and social practice(66.24%)were primary practical forms,but the participation rates of research practice(40.78%)and innovation/entrepreneurship practice(34.72%)was comparatively lower.The satisfaction with practical teaching was positively correlated with adequacy of faculty guidance(r=0.707)and curriculum rationality(r=0.522)(P＜0.01).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that faculty guidance(β=0.436)and the proportion of practical teaching(β=0.319)were the key predictors of satisfaction.Conclusion:Medical students'cognition of practical skills training,curriculum optimization,and adequacy of faculty guidance significantly influence satisfaction with practical teaching,with faculty guidance and rationality of practical process playing key roles.

Objective:To investigate the relationship of the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin (OH) D, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism in preschool children after fractures.Methods:General data of 200 preschool children with fractures admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Shanxi Children’s Hospital from Apr. 2021 to Jun. 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The 25- (OH) D level of the children after fracture was determined by electrochemical luminescence method. According to the 25- (OH) D level, the children were divided into VitD deficiency group, VitD insufficient group and VitD sufficient group. The MCP-1 level, BMD and bone metabolism indexes of children among groups were compared and analyzed. SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data in the paper. According to the data type, t test or χ2 test were used to compare among the groups, and the correlation of 25- (OH) D and MCP-1 levels with BMD and bone metabolism indexes was analyzed by Spearman and Pearson methods. Results:The difference of 25- (OH) D levels in different age childeren was statistically significant ( t = 145.26, P<0.05) , and the analysis showed that 26 cases were VitD deficient, 64 cases were VitD insufficient, and 110 cases were VitD sufficient; The mean BMD in VitD patients with different levels was significantly different ( F=783.25, P<0.05) ; With the increase of MCP-1, PTH and TPINP levels decreased ( F=78.98, 703.57, 243.27, P<0.05) , while the levels of PICP and BGP increased ( F=122.97, 340.32, P<0.05) ; 25- (OH) D was positively correlated with BMD, PICP and BGP ( r=0.93, 0.76, 0.87, P<0.05) , and negatively correlated with PTH and TPINP ( r=-0.94, -0.81, P<0.05) . MCP-1 was negatively correlated with BMD, PICP and BGP ( r=-0.54, -0.51, -0.56, P<0.05) , and positively correlated with PTH and TPINP ( r=0.57, 0.55, P<0.05) . Conclusions:The 25- (OH) D level is significantly correlated with BMD and bone metabolism indexes in preschool children after fracture, and the lack and insufficiency of VitD significantly affect BMD and bone metabolism status. At the same time, MCP-1 may also play an important role in metabolic changes after fracture. Therefore, in clinical treatment, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and management of 25- (OH) D and MCP-1 levels after fracture in children, which is of great significance to promote bone healing and improve bone density.

Objective To analyze the relationships between color Doppler ultrasound parameters and insulin sensitivity index(ISI)and clinical efficacy in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)combined with hyperinsulinemia(HI).Methods A total of 140 3-week-old female SD SPF-grade rats were divided randomly into a PCOS without HI model(control group,n=70)and a PCOS combined with HI model(study group,n=70).After successful modeling,we used color Doppler ultrasound to detect the physical indicators,hemodynamic indicators,and ultrasound features of rat ovaries,and draw venous blood to evaluate ISI.Rats in the study group were treated with metformin by intragastric administration.The color Doppler ultrasound parameters of the good-effect and the poor-effect group were compared and a receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was drawn to analyze the value of the color Doppler ultrasound parameters for evaluating the curative effect of metformin in rats with PCOS combined with HI.Results The total ovarian area(TA),ovarian volume(OV),ovarian interstitial area(SA),vascularization index(VI),blood flow index(FI),fasting insulin(FINS),and fasting blood glucose(BFG)of the research group were all greater than those of the control group,while the resistance index,pulsatility index and ISI were observed significantly lower compared with contrast,there were obvious difference(P＜0.05).The color Doppler ultrasound parameters TA and SA were negatively correlated with ISI(r=-0.501,r=-0.492,respectively,P＜0.05),and ovarian RI and PI were positively correlated with ISI(r=0.504,r=0.485,respectively,P＜0.05).TA,OV,SA,VI,FI,VFI,PSV,PDV,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,FPG,FINS,LH,and FSH were all significantly lower while RI and PI were significantly higher in the good-curative-effect group compared with the poor-curative-effect group(all P＜0.05).According to ROC curve analysis,the sensitivity and specificity of color Doppler ultrasound parameters combined with clinical efficacy were 90.9％and 90.2％,respectively,and the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.901.Conclusions Color Doppler ultrasound parameters are closely related to ISI and therapeutic efficacy in rats with PCOS combined with HI,and may thus predict clinical efficacy in patients with these conditions.

Epilepsy is a chronic brain disorder characterized by abnormal synchronous neuronal discharges in the brain, often accompanied by various complications. The pathogenesis of epilepsy has not yet been fully elucidated. Optogenetics, a cutting-edge technique that integrates optics and genetics, enables precise modulation of specific neurons by regulating light-sensitive proteins. Utilizing optogenetic technology has facilitated the dissection of neural circuits involved in epileptic seizures within brain regions such as the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus. It has also helped identify potential therapeutic targets for epilepsy-related complications, including cognitive impairment, sudden unexpected death in epilepsy and mood disorders.However, in the process of advancing from basic research to clinical treatment, its translational path is profoundly influenced by factors such as stimulation modes (the choice between open-loop and closed-loop systems), key parameters (light frequency), and intervention strategies (unilateral or bilateral target selection). The individualized customization of these factors represents the future direction for overcoming current translational bottlenecks and achieving precise treatment.

Objective:To explore the effect of the combination of robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty and pressure sensor on early postoperative outcomes.Methods:Twenty patients who underwent YUANHUA robot-assisted TKA between September 2024 and December 2024 were prospectively enrolled. After randomization and exclusion of one patient lost to follow-up, 10 patients were included in the pressure-sensor group and 10 in the control (no-pressure) group. In the pressure-sensor group, surgeons used a pressure sensor to assist in soft tissue balancing after osteotomy, whereas in the control group, balancing was performed empirically. In both groups, medial and lateral compartment pressures of the knee at 10°, 45°, 90°, and 120° of flexion were recorded using a pressure sensor prior to component implantation. Clinical outcomes were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months postoperatively using the visual analog scale (VAS), Knee Society Score (KSS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and Forgotten Joint Score (FJS).Results:All 20 procedures were completed successfully, and patients were followed for at least 3 months. At 10° of knee flexion, the difference between medial and lateral compartment pressures was significantly smaller in the pressure-sensor group (0.99±59.44 N) than in the control group (97.18±84.34 N; t=-2.948, P=0.009). At 45° of flexion, the corresponding differences were -12.99±36.20 N and 51.48±76.40 N, respectively ( t=-2.411, P=0.032). No significant differences in VAS, KSS, or WOMAC scores were observed between groups preoperatively ( P>0.05). At 3 months postoperatively, the KSS was significantly higher in the pressure-sensor group (174.40±16.39) compared with the control group (138.50±38.35, t=2.722, P=0.014). The WOMAC and VAS scores were significantly lower in the pressure-sensor group (12.70±11.00 and 1.20±0.92, respectively) than in the control group (27.30±18.54 and 2.70±2.00; t=-2.142, P=0.046; t=-2.153, P=0.045). At 2 weeks and 3 months postoperatively, the FJS scores in the pressure-sensor group [70.00±26.06 and 88.07(83.52, 95.83)] were significantly higher than those in the control group [37.92±32.42 and 50.00(32.50, 67.75); t=2.439, P=0.025; Z=-2.466, P=0.014]. Conclusion:The combination of precise osteotomy using robot-assisted TKA and soft tissue balancing guided by a pressure sensor provided more accurate medial-lateral compartment balance and significantly enhanced early postoperative clinical outcomes.

Objective:To ascertain the weakness in radiological health technical service in Sicuan province through the assessment of radiological health technical service capability in Sichuan province from 2019 to 2024, and continue to optimize and improve the radiological health service system, and provide assistance to the high-quality development of all kinds of work.Methods:By querying the basic information on institutions by the aid of the Sichuan Provincial Radiation Health Information Management Platform, the information was investigated, collected, collated and analyzed with respect to the qualification, technical service, capability comparison, quality assessment in relation to radiological health technical service institutions in the past 6 years.Results:In the past 6 years, the total number of institutions in Sichuan province has increased from 40 to 48, and the proportion of Grade A institutions has increased from 7.5% to 20.8%. As of the end of 2024, there were 889 professionals and technicians, with an average of 18.8 ± 4.2 per institution. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of professionals and technicians between public and private institutions ( t=-3.48, P<0.05), while there was a statistically significant difference in the number of professionals and technicians between Grade A and Grade B and unclassified institutions ( t=-4.01, P<0.05). There were 1 886 items of equipment, and there was a statistically significant difference ( t=6.58, 10.13, 6.74, P<0.05) in the total number of items of equipment, on-site testing equipment, and laboratory testing equipment between Grade A and Grade B and unclassified institutions. Totally 48 institutions issued 21 026 reports on radiological health tests, with an average of 457.1 ± 6.4 reports per institution and 4 038 reports on radiological health evaluation, with an average of 87.8 ± 5.1 reports per institution. A total of 25 institutions carried out personal dose monitoring, accounting for 78.1%, and completed the personal dose monitoring of 40 058 radiation workers for 5 428 employers. The workload of technical services has been increasing year by year. In the past 6 years, a total of 20 professional and technical training sessions have been sponsored, with approximately 3 500 people trained. A total of 21 rounds of various quality assessments or evaluations were conducted, and the overall pass rate was good and has been increasing year by year. Conclusions:The result of assessment has shown that efficient operation of the Sichuan Provincial Radiological Health Quality Control Center comprehensively promoted the high-quality development of radiological health service, therefore injecting new vitality into the next step towards promoting the provincial radiological health service to a new level.

Objective:To explore the effect of the combination of robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty and pressure sensor on early postoperative outcomes.Methods:Twenty patients who underwent YUANHUA robot-assisted TKA between September 2024 and December 2024 were prospectively enrolled. After randomization and exclusion of one patient lost to follow-up, 10 patients were included in the pressure-sensor group and 10 in the control (no-pressure) group. In the pressure-sensor group, surgeons used a pressure sensor to assist in soft tissue balancing after osteotomy, whereas in the control group, balancing was performed empirically. In both groups, medial and lateral compartment pressures of the knee at 10°, 45°, 90°, and 120° of flexion were recorded using a pressure sensor prior to component implantation. Clinical outcomes were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months postoperatively using the visual analog scale (VAS), Knee Society Score (KSS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and Forgotten Joint Score (FJS).Results:All 20 procedures were completed successfully, and patients were followed for at least 3 months. At 10° of knee flexion, the difference between medial and lateral compartment pressures was significantly smaller in the pressure-sensor group (0.99±59.44 N) than in the control group (97.18±84.34 N; t=-2.948, P=0.009). At 45° of flexion, the corresponding differences were -12.99±36.20 N and 51.48±76.40 N, respectively ( t=-2.411, P=0.032). No significant differences in VAS, KSS, or WOMAC scores were observed between groups preoperatively ( P>0.05). At 3 months postoperatively, the KSS was significantly higher in the pressure-sensor group (174.40±16.39) compared with the control group (138.50±38.35, t=2.722, P=0.014). The WOMAC and VAS scores were significantly lower in the pressure-sensor group (12.70±11.00 and 1.20±0.92, respectively) than in the control group (27.30±18.54 and 2.70±2.00; t=-2.142, P=0.046; t=-2.153, P=0.045). At 2 weeks and 3 months postoperatively, the FJS scores in the pressure-sensor group [70.00±26.06 and 88.07(83.52, 95.83)] were significantly higher than those in the control group [37.92±32.42 and 50.00(32.50, 67.75); t=2.439, P=0.025; Z=-2.466, P=0.014]. Conclusion:The combination of precise osteotomy using robot-assisted TKA and soft tissue balancing guided by a pressure sensor provided more accurate medial-lateral compartment balance and significantly enhanced early postoperative clinical outcomes.

Objective:To explore medical students'cognition,current status,and demands regarding practical skills training in a medical college under the background of new medical science.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical undergraduates from Year 1 to Year 5 in a medical college.A self-designed scale was used to investigate the cognition,current status,and demands related to new medical education concepts.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between satisfaction with practical teaching facilities and variables including understanding of new medical education,curriculum design,and proportion of practical teaching.Multiple linear regression was conducted to investigate the factors influencing satisfaction.Results:Among 1 253 participants,70.71%acquired new medical science information through online media,while 52.99%learned about it via school courses.Over 80%endorsed"whole-cycle health management"(preventive care before disease onset 91.94%,disease treatment 81.72%,and post-illness rehabilitation 82.60%).Experimental courses(85.16%),clinical skills training(66.88%),and social practice(66.24%)were primary practical forms,but the participation rates of research practice(40.78%)and innovation/entrepreneurship practice(34.72%)was comparatively lower.The satisfaction with practical teaching was positively correlated with adequacy of faculty guidance(r=0.707)and curriculum rationality(r=0.522)(P＜0.01).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that faculty guidance(β=0.436)and the proportion of practical teaching(β=0.319)were the key predictors of satisfaction.Conclusion:Medical students'cognition of practical skills training,curriculum optimization,and adequacy of faculty guidance significantly influence satisfaction with practical teaching,with faculty guidance and rationality of practical process playing key roles.

Research shows that epileptic seizures are essentially due to abnormal functions of neural circuits. Optogenetics regulates neural circuits by specifically expressing light-sensitive proteins in target neurons, which has now become an important tool in the research of temporal lobe epilepsy. Studies have shown that optogenetics focuses on brain regions such as the hippocampus, medial septal nucleus, cerebellum, and basal ganglia in studying temporal lobe epilepsy. This article reviews the research progress of optogenetics in exploring the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of temporal lobe epilepsy, aiming to provide new ideas for temporal lobe epilepsy treatment.