Background: Cisplatin is a widely used platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent, but its gonadotoxic effects can damage ovarian tissue, oocytes, and developing follicles and may lead to primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are being investigated as a potential regenerative treatment because of their paracrine, anti-apoptotic, and tissue-repair effects. Aim: To evaluate the effect of ADSC therapy on estrous cyclicity, body weight, and ovarian follicular morphology in a mouse model of cisplatin-induced POI. Materials and Methods: Thirty 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were included. Six mice received saline as controls, while 24 mice received cisplatin 2 mg/kg intraperitoneally once daily for 10 days to induce POI. After POI induction, cisplatin-exposed animals were continued as an untreated POI group (n=15) or an ADSC-treatment group (n=9). The ADSC group received 1×10⁶ cells suspended in 0.2 mL medium via the tail vein. Body weight and vaginal cytology were monitored daily, and estrous stages were classified as proestrus, estrus, metestrus, and diestrus. Ovaries were collected for histologic evaluation at the end of the study. Result: After cisplatin exposure, mean estrous cycle length increased from 3.97 days in controls to 6.4 days in the POI group (p<0.05). During the post-treatment evaluation, mean cycle length was 5.65 days in untreated POI mice (n=4) and 4.5 days in ADSC-treated mice (n=7), representing a statistically significant improvement after ADSC therapy (p=0.013). Cisplatin caused significant body-weight loss, reaching a mean of 18.0 g on day 6 after completion of cisplatin administration (p<0.01). Histologically, untreated POI ovaries showed follicular atrophy and prominent degenerative changes, whereas ADSC-treated ovaries showed more morphologically preserved primary, secondary, and antral follicles and relatively fewer degenerative changes. Exploratory manual counting in three representative whole-ovary sections per group showed total intact/growing follicle counts of 15.00±2.65 in controls, 6.00±2.00 in POI, and 8.67±2.89 in ADSC-treated ovaries. Conclusion ADSC treatment was associated with partial restoration of estrous cyclicity and ovarian follicular development in a cisplatin-induced POI mouse model. These findings support further investigation of ADSC-based regenerative therapy for chemotherapy-associated ovarian injury.

Background: Teaching is a profession associated with high levels of stress. Research has shown that when job demands are high while organizational support is insufficient, levels of stress and burnout increase. Aim: Prior to conducting our study aimed at determining the stress levels among university faculty members, we performed a literature review. Materials and Methods: We conducted a literature search using the PubMed and Embase databases for studies published in English without restriction on publication year, including all relevant articles available up to September 2025. The search strategy included the following keywords: “stress,” “researchers,” “university professors,” “academic researchers,” “college,” “academics,” “scholars,” “teachers,” and “professors.” Results: We searched for English-language publications in the PubMed and Embase databases without year restrictions, including studies published up to September 2025. The search was conducted using the following mesh terms: “stress,” “researchers,” “university professors,” “academic researchers,” “college,” “academics,” “scholars,” “teachers,” and “professors.” A total of 3,961 articles were identified from the database search. After screening titles, 2,944 articles were excluded. Subsequently, 58 articles were reviewed based on their abstracts, and 12 studies that were relevant to our research objectives and questionnaire were selected for analysis. Conclusion This review study demonstrated that stress levels among university and college faculty members are high. Stress is associated with multiple factors, including workload, organizational support, and performance demands, leading to negative physical and psychological consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to implement systematic institutional-level interventions to support the well-being of faculty members.

Background: Nurses work in a high-stress environment, with 40% experiencing moderate or higher levels of stress and higher levels of anxiety and depression than the general population. According to WHO 2020 data, the incidence of depression and anxiety among nurses is 2-3 times higher than that of the general population. Aim: To identify factors that affect the psychological state of nurses. Materials and Methods: Using a cross sectional study design, a questionnaire was administered to 262 nurses at the International Mongolian Hospital in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The survey was conducted using 18 general demographic and social factor questionnaires, 26 WHOQOL-BREF quality of life questionnaires, and 21 items with a scale of depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS-21), a total of 65 questionnaires. The study was conducted using SPSS 29.0 software to statistically analyze the data. Results: The physical domain of quality of life score of the study participants was 50.5±7.8, psychological domain of quality of life score was 54.1±8.7, social domain factor’s score was 58.2±10.5, and environmental factor’s score was 52.3±10.4. Depression, anxiety, and stress’s score were 9.0±8.8, 9.3±8.6, and 11.9±9.2, respectively. The relationship between nurse’s depression, anxiety, and stress and quality of life was significantly inversely correlated (p<0.01). Nurse’s age, working years, number of children, number of beds per ward per nurse, and hours of sleep at night increased depression, anxiety, and stress (p<0.05). Conclusion 1. Psychological indicators such as depression, anxiety, and stress among nurses are reducing their quality of life. 2. In addition, factors such as the nurses’ age, years of service, number of children, number of people on a daily shift, and sleep time per day are also factors that affect psychological well-being.

Background: The relationship between alcohol consumption and sleep disorders is a complex issue. Although alcohol has a sedative effect in small doses, this effect diminishes when alcohol consumption exceeds an average of 7 grams per hour. Aim: To assess the sleep quality of individuals dependent on alcohol. Materials and Methods: A quantitative study was conducted using a survey-based research design. A total of 120 men participated in the study, including 60 alcohol-dependent individuals and 60 in the control group without alcohol dependence. The study utilized demographic questionnaires, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality, and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to determine the level of alcohol dependence. Results: The average age of alcohol-dependent participants was 45.3±42.4 years, while the control group had an average age of 42.4±5.1 years. The AUDIT score for the alcohol-dependent group was 25.6±9.8, indicating a high level of dependence, whereas the control group scored 7.2±3.2, suggesting low consumption levels. This difference was statistically significant (t=3.98, p=0.001). In the alcohol-dependent group, sleep latency was prolonged (p=0.042), sleep efficiency scores were lower (p=0.012), and sleep disturbances were more frequent (p=0.039) compared to the control group. The overall PSQI score was 9.82±2.8 for the alcohol-dependent group, whereas it was 4.1±1.2 for the control group. A correlation analysis revealed that poor subjective sleep quality (p=0.023), sleep latency of more than 30 minutes (p=0.012), sleep efficiency below 75% (p=0.021), and sleep disturbances (p=0.019) were significantly associated with higher AUDIT scores. Conclusion Alcohol dependence negatively affects sleep quality, particularly in terms of subjective sleep perception, sleep latency, and sleep efficiency, leading to sleep disorders.

Background: Hypokalemia is considered when the serum potassium level is less than 3.5 mmol/L. Clinical research indicates that hypokalemia affects 20% of hospitalized patients, and in 24% of these cases, inadequate interventions result in life-threatening complications. At present, there is no research available on the prevalence, management, and outcomes of hypokalemia in hospitalized patients, which justifies the need for this study. Aim: The study aimed to examine the prevalence of hypokalemia and the effectiveness of its management in hospitalized patients within the internal medicine department, in relation to the knowledge of doctors and resident physicians. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based retrospective study included a total of 553 cases of patients hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Department of the Mongolia Japan Hospital between January 2024 and August 2024. Patients with a potassium level of <3.5 mmol/L were diagnosed with hypokalemia, and the effectiveness of potassium replacement therapy was evaluated according to the method of supplementation employed. Results: The prevalence of hypokalemia among hospitalized patients in the Internal Medicine Department was 9.8% (54 cases). Based on the study criteria, 42 cases of hypokalemia were selected for further analysis, and a total of 118 potassium replacements were performed through oral, intravenous, and mixed methods. Following potassium replacement therapy, 37.3% (44) of patients achieved normalized potassium levels, while 62.7% (74) still had persistent hypokalemia. Conclusion According to the study results, the prevalence of hypokalemia among hospitalized patients in the Internal Medicine Department is 9.8%. The method of potassium replacement and the severity of hypokalemia do not impact the normalization of potassium levels, with the critical factor being the proper dosage of supplementation. The knowledge of doctors and resident physicians regarding hypokalemia is insufficient, and there is a need to implement guidelines and protocols for potassium replacement therapy in daily clinical practice.

Background: Generation Z students, born after 1995, are characterized by their ability to multitask, low tolerance for traditional learning methods, impatience, short attention span, and preference for working independently rather than collaboratively. They are also considered more vulnerable to mental health challenges compared to previous generations. Aim: To assess the level of academic engagement among Generation Z students studying in the School of Nursing. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted from February 1 to April 1, 2025. A total of 420 students majoring in nursing, midwifery, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and traditional medicine nursing at the School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, participated in the study. The Student Course Engagement Questionnaire (Handelsman, 2005) was used to evaluate students’ engagement levels. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed with a Cronbach’s α of 0.955. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, and results were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results: Among the 420 participants, 91.9% were female and 8.1% were male. By major, 57.1% studied nursing, 22.6% midwifery, 8.8% physical therapy, and the remainder were from other disciplines. Student engagement was analyzed across three domains: academic involvement, personal responsibility and effort, and learning attitude and motivation. Pearson correlation analysis revealed strong positive correlations between academic involvement and personal responsibility/ effort (r=0.828), learning attitude and motivation (r=0.825), and between responsibility/effort and learning attitude/ motivation (r=0.903) (p<0.01). Age showed a weak positive correlation with year of study (r=0.381), while major and year of study had a weak negative correlation (r= -0.146) (p<0.01). Year of study and learning motivation also showed a weak negative correlation (r=-0.107, p<0.05). Conclusion The learning motivation and class engagement of Generation Z nursing students were found to be strongly correlated with their sense of responsibility, effort, and learning attitude (r=0.82–0.90, p<0.01). Most students demonstrated consistent participation and motivation to learn, showed less interest in traditional teaching approaches, and preferred practical training.

Background: The career and work of medical workers are considered to be the occupation of the highly responsible job of the worldwide. Goal: To identify the percentage of the work-related stress, the burnout, and the symptoms of work-related stress of the physicians and nurses who is working at the critical and intensive care units of UB hospitals. Materials and methodology: The survey was done by quantitative methods and cross sectional design. The study data was collected using the validated questionnaire for the work related stress. The results of the study were analyzed by the Microsoft Excel and SPSS 20 program. Results The response rate was 97.3% The study found that 78.7% of respondents reported having regular stress; and 89.4% of all participants in the survey had a personal burnout, 90.4% had work-related burnout and 94.5% had a high level of client-related burnout.
Physical symptoms include the insomnia 76.7%; psychological symptoms - the headaches 65%; behavioral symptoms as like forgetfulness and annoyance 53.3%; cognitive symptoms as like an increase in sick days or absenteeism by 40% for all physicians and nurses.

PurposeThe aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between cognitive status, depression level,functional status and quality of life in elderly people living at home and in Batsumber.Methods158 voluntary elderly subjects, older than 60 ages were included in the study. The data was obtained byface to face interviews. The questionnaire covered socio-demographic characteristics, administrationof the standardized Mini mental test (SMMT), Geriatric Depression scale (GDS), Lawton instrumentalactivities of daily living (IADL) scale and World health organization Quality of life instrument-olderadults module (WHOQOL-OLD). Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22 software.ResultsThe living at their own home subjects (77.4%) had a high cognitive level and the living in nursing homesubjects (88.2%) low cognitive level. In both groups appeared in high levels of depression. Therewas a positive correlation between IADL, cognitive status and quality of life (p<0.05) and a negativecorrelation between cognitive status, quality of life and depression status.Conclusion: Our results suggest that elderly are more susceptible to the risk of developing psychiatricproblems especially depression. And this study indicated importance of the relationship betweenfunctional level, cognitive status, depression level and quality of life of elderly people living at homeand in Batsumber.

Background. Low back pain is a frequently encountered symptom. Although 70-80% of the entirepopulation have low back pain complaints in their lives, only 2-4% of them require surgical intervention.’Department of Neurosurgery, Shastin 3rd Central Hospital about 200 patients who undergo back surgery,while 90% of patients who have prolapsed lumbar disc surgery from 2010 to 2012. There are variousstudies indicating that exercise improves pain and disability in chronic low back pain and in those whohave had surgery. The main objectives of the postoperative rehabilitation programmes are to accelerateand maximize function recovery as much as possible, and to prevent further injury by restricting theprogression of degenerative changes. We evaluated the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatments thatare used in our department which is the first time in our country.Goal. To evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation after lumbar discectomy.Materials and Method. We examined 83 patients were included the Shastin central hospital, Departmentof neurosurgery and rehabilitation after lumbar discectomy at a single level and operated in the periodfrom May 15, 2013 to September 15, 2014. All patients were evaluated at the beginning and at theend of treatment by Oswestry Disability Index which is a specific functional questionnaire for back pain.Pretreatment values are one month after surgery and posttreatment values three months after surgery.All patients received the intensity specific exercise and back school education programme 3 days aweek for eight weeks.Results. All patients pain intensity are reduced after treatment evaluated by VAS (p<0.000). Functionalability had significantly increased after treatment which is evaluated by Oswestry Disability Index in allpatients (p<0.000). 46 from all patients had minimal disability before treatment and this number wasincreased in to 79 after treatment. The number of moderate and severe disabled patients ability wasincreased after treatment.Conclusion: Back school education and specific exercise programme should be one of the parts oftreatment after lumbar discectomy. After treatment was increased functional ability and early painrelief.