Objective:To investigate the roles of secretory phosphoprotein 1(SPP1)in the progression of colorectal cancer(CRC)and the underlying mechanism.Methods:Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA)database was used to obtain the expression of SPP1 gene in CRC.Immunohistochemistry analysis and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of SPP1 in distal normal colorectal tissues,adjacent tissues,CRC tissues,normal colorectal cell lines and CRC cell lines.The cell viability,colony formation,migration and invasion of CRC cells as well as the activation of AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β)signaling pathway and the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins in HT-29 cells and HCT-116 cells were detected by CCK-8 assay,colony formation assay,trranswell assay and Western blotting after SPP1 knockdown in vitro through lentiviral infection carrying shRNA against SPP1 gene.Tumor formation assay was used to detect the effect of SPP1 knockdown on the growth and lung metastasis of transplanted HT-29 tumor in vivo.Results:SPP1 expression was significantly increased in CRC tissues and cell lines(P<0.001)and was associated with poor prognosis of CRC patients according to GEPIA database analysis.The expression of SPP1 protein was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues and cells(P<0.001).After knockdown of SPP1 expression,the cell viability,colony formation,migration and invasion of CRC cells were significantly decreased(P<0.001),the expression of phosphorylated AKT(phospho-AKT,p-AKT),phosphorylated GSK3β(phospho-GSK3β,p-GSK3β),Snail and Vementin were significantly decreased(P<0.001),while E-cadherin expression was significantly increased(P<0.001).Knockdown of SPP1 expression inhibited the growth and lung metastasis of HT-29 cell tumor xenografts in mice.Conclusion:SPP1 knockdown can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of CRC cells,which may be related to the reduction of AKT/GSK3β signaling activity.

Objective:To investigate the roles of secretory phosphoprotein 1(SPP1)in the progression of colorectal cancer(CRC)and the underlying mechanism.Methods:Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA)database was used to obtain the expression of SPP1 gene in CRC.Immunohistochemistry analysis and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of SPP1 in distal normal colorectal tissues,adjacent tissues,CRC tissues,normal colorectal cell lines and CRC cell lines.The cell viability,colony formation,migration and invasion of CRC cells as well as the activation of AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β)signaling pathway and the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins in HT-29 cells and HCT-116 cells were detected by CCK-8 assay,colony formation assay,trranswell assay and Western blotting after SPP1 knockdown in vitro through lentiviral infection carrying shRNA against SPP1 gene.Tumor formation assay was used to detect the effect of SPP1 knockdown on the growth and lung metastasis of transplanted HT-29 tumor in vivo.Results:SPP1 expression was significantly increased in CRC tissues and cell lines(P<0.001)and was associated with poor prognosis of CRC patients according to GEPIA database analysis.The expression of SPP1 protein was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues and cells(P<0.001).After knockdown of SPP1 expression,the cell viability,colony formation,migration and invasion of CRC cells were significantly decreased(P<0.001),the expression of phosphorylated AKT(phospho-AKT,p-AKT),phosphorylated GSK3β(phospho-GSK3β,p-GSK3β),Snail and Vementin were significantly decreased(P<0.001),while E-cadherin expression was significantly increased(P<0.001).Knockdown of SPP1 expression inhibited the growth and lung metastasis of HT-29 cell tumor xenografts in mice.Conclusion:SPP1 knockdown can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of CRC cells,which may be related to the reduction of AKT/GSK3β signaling activity.

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of Ganbao capsules on intestinal mucosal barrier and gut microbiota in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）， and to explore its mechanism of prevention and treatment of NAFLD. METHODS Eight of 26 SD rats were randomly selected as blank group and fed with ordinary diet， and the remaining 18 rats were fed with high diet to establish NAFLD model （2 for modeling inspection）； after successful modeling， they were divided into model group and Ganbao group， with 8 rats in each group. Ganbao group were given Ganbao capsules solution （1 440 mg/kg） intragastrically， and the blank group and model group were given the constant volume of distilled water intragastrically， once a day， for consecutive 5 weeks. The contents of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and triglyceride （TG） in serum of rats were detected by automatic analyzer； the contents of lipopolysaccharide， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-1β in serum of rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The pathological morphology of liver and ileum tissues were observed by HE staining， the expressions of Occludin and zonula occludens-1 （ZO-1） were detected by immunohistochemistry method， and the intestinal flora were detected by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing technology. RESULTS Compared with the model group， the serum contents of ALT， AST， TG， lipopolysaccharide， TNF-α， IL-6 and IL-1β in Ganbao group were decreased significantly （P＜0.01）， the pathological changes of liver and ileum tissues were improved 262 significantly， and the expressions of Occludin and ZO-1 were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Intestinal microbiotaanalysis revealed that compared with the model group， Ganbao capsules could recover the abundance and diversity of the gut E-mail：hdf8833@126.com microbiota in rats. At the phylum level， Ganbao capsules could significantly increase the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes， and significantly reduce the relative abundance of Firmicutes and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes （P＜0.01）. At the genus level， Ganbao capsules could significantly increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus， Blautia， Bacteroides and Akkermansia， and significantly reduce the relative abundance of Prevotella， Turicibacter， Weissella， SMB53 and Desulfovibrio （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. There were different species among the gut microbiota of rats in each group. CONCLUSIONS Ganbao capsules may improve NAFLD by protecting intestinal mucosal barrier function and regulating gut probiotics/harmful bacteria structure.

The successful application cases of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technology in medicine were demonstrated, and the prospect of VR/AR technology applied in the diagnosis and treatment in the reproductive medical center was analyzed. Virtual 3D image model, AR simulation model, head-mounted display (HMD), 3D VR glasses, virtual joysticks, data glove and 5G networks were suggested to be applied in the training of the operation skills, preoperative plan and simulation, operation assistance, remote operation and pain relief. The future of VR/AR system applied in human assisted reproductive technology is outlined and prospected, and an architecture system based on VR/AR technology in the reproductive medicine is built.

The successful application cases of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technology in medicine were demonstrated, and the prospect of VR/AR technology applied in the diagnosis and treatment in the reproductive medical center was analyzed. Virtual 3D image model, AR simulation model, head-mounted display (HMD), 3D VR glasses, virtual joysticks, data glove and 5G networks were suggested to be applied in the training of the operation skills, preoperative plan and simulation, operation assistance, remote operation and pain relief. The future of VR/AR system applied in human assisted reproductive technology is outlined and prospected, and an architecture system based on VR/AR technology in the reproductive medicine is built.

As an important nucleus of basal ganglia, globus pallidus was concerned to involve in the neural mechanism of Parkins's disease (PD). Previous studies of PD patients and animal model indicate that neurotransmitters and receptors are changed in globus pallidus neurons, the balance between inhibition and excitation is broken in the output nuclei of basal ganglia, and globus pallidus neurons display bursting and oscillatory discharge, the synchronous tendency of neighboring neurons enhances. These neurophysiological changes are associated with PD symptoms, such as bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor, which reflects that globus pallidus plays an important role in the process of PD. In the present paper, the recent advances in pathophysiology in globus pallidus, its clinical application in treatment of Parkinson's disease, and the study direction in the future are reviewed.

0.05) before administration and after 8 weeks and 16 weeks of administration. Cell pyknosis and neurodegeneration in substantial nigra were observed in the PQ+MB group for 8 weeks and 16 weeks (P

Iron is abnormally accumulated in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. The disorder of iron metabolism and the neurotoxicity induced by excessive iron are proved in PD patients, and these indicate that iron is closely correlative with PD. This article presented an overview of research advances of three aspects including the distribution and metabolism of iron in the brain, the neurotoxicity of iron, and the relationship between the disorder of iron metabolism in central nervous system and PD.

AIM: To investigate the effect of ethanol and chemical carcinogen N,N'-dinitrosopiperazine(DNP) on the exogenous expression of CYP2E1.METHODS: Exogenous hCYP2E1 was introduced into NIH3T3 mediated by lipofectamine. Then the integration of exogenous gene was showed by Southemrn blot. After treated with different concentration of ethanol and DNP,RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to analyze the expression change of hCYP2E1 in NIH 3T3. RESULTS: Two cell clones with integration and stable expression of exogenous hCYP2E1 were obtained. The RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that human CYP2E1 mRNA and protein expression was enhanced with increase in ethanol and DNP concentration. CONCLUSION: Exogenous expression of hCYP2E1 was steadily induced by ethanol and DNP. The mechanism may be due to the activation of its transcription. The DNP carcinogenesis might be related to its in situ activation by CYP2E1.