Objective To use imaging features of pulmonary nodules to predict the risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with cT1-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), providing a reference for clinical decision-making. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging features and postoperative pathological results of cT1 NSCLC patients who underwent surgical treatment at Linyi People’s Hospital from July 2019 to July 2022. Patients were grouped and analyzed according to lymph node metastasis status. Results A total of 1 123 patients were included, comprising 471 males and 652 females, with a median age of 59 (52, 66) years. Comparative analysis revealed that sex, age, nodule location, nodule size on imaging, solid component size, consolidation tumor ratio (CTR), average CT value, and tumor proximity to the pleura all influenced lymph node metastasis. A nomogram was constructed, indicating that the probability of lymph node metastasis in cT1 NSCLC was positively correlated with solid component size, CTR, and average CT value of the pulmonary nodule, and negatively correlated with patient age. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.929. Conclusion For cT1 NSCLC patients, the probability of lymph node metastasis can be predicted by measuring the solid component size, CTR, and average CT value of the pulmonary nodule, in conjunction with patient age. However, relying solely on pulmonary nodule imaging characteristics is insufficient to determine a specific lymph node dissection strategy.

Objective:To explore the risk factors for recurrence of intussusception in children after successful ultrasound-guided saline enema reduction.Methods:The clinical and follow up data of 355 hospitalized children with intussusception at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Feb 2018 to Feb 2023 were reviewed.Patients were divided into two groups by recurrence develped and the differences were compared, Data with significant differences were incorporated into multi-factor logistic analysis.Results:The overall recurrence rate was 15.8% (56/355). By univariate variable analysis model, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in age, previous intussusception history, vomiting, maximum diameter of concentric circles shown by ultrasound, and concurrent bowel organic diseases (lead points) (all P<0.05). In multivariate Logistic regression model, age, previous intussusception history, maximum diameter of concentric circles, and lead points were independent risk factors for recurrent intussusception after saline enema.The optimal cut-off values for age and maximum diameter of concentric circles were 2 years and 33.5 mm, respectively, according to ROC curve analysis. Conclusion:Age older than 2 years, previous intussusception history, maximum diameter of concentric circles longer than 33.5 mm, and lead points are independent risk factors for recurrence after saline enema.

Objective:To explore the curative effect of synchronous bionic electrical stimulation in hyperbaric oxygen chamber on patients with sudden deafness（SD）and the changes in hemorheological indicators.Methods:A total of 128 SD outpatients and inpatients treated at the Hyperbaric Oxygen Department of the Sixth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were randomly divided into study group（70 cases treated with synchronous brain bionic electrical stimulator in hyperbaric oxygen chamber）and control group（58 cases given conventional hyperbaric oxygen therapy），respectively. The curative effects of the two groups were evaluated，and the hemorheological indicators，such as the whole blood（high-shear and low-shear）viscosity，plasma viscosity，and red blood cell aggregation，were analyzed by the automatic biochemical analyzer before and after treatment.Results:After two courses of treatments，the overall effective rate of the study group（88.57%）was significantly higher than that of the control group（79.31%），and the difference was statistically significant（ P<0.05）. After treatment，the whole blood（high-shear and low-shear）viscosities，plasma viscosity，and erythrocyte aggregation indicators of the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment（ P<0.05），and the above indicators in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group（ P<0.05）. Conclusions:Synchronous brain bionic electrical stimulation in the hyperbaric oxygen chamber can improve the hemorheological indicators of the SD patients，reduce their blood hypercoagulability，and improve their hearing level and treatment effect. Hence，it is worth of clinical promotion.

Objective:To explore the curative effect of synchronous bionic electrical stimulation in hyperbaric oxygen chamber on patients with sudden deafness（SD）and the changes in hemorheological indicators.Methods:A total of 128 SD outpatients and inpatients treated at the Hyperbaric Oxygen Department of the Sixth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were randomly divided into study group（70 cases treated with synchronous brain bionic electrical stimulator in hyperbaric oxygen chamber）and control group（58 cases given conventional hyperbaric oxygen therapy），respectively. The curative effects of the two groups were evaluated，and the hemorheological indicators，such as the whole blood（high-shear and low-shear）viscosity，plasma viscosity，and red blood cell aggregation，were analyzed by the automatic biochemical analyzer before and after treatment.Results:After two courses of treatments，the overall effective rate of the study group（88.57%）was significantly higher than that of the control group（79.31%），and the difference was statistically significant（ P<0.05）. After treatment，the whole blood（high-shear and low-shear）viscosities，plasma viscosity，and erythrocyte aggregation indicators of the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment（ P<0.05），and the above indicators in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group（ P<0.05）. Conclusions:Synchronous brain bionic electrical stimulation in the hyperbaric oxygen chamber can improve the hemorheological indicators of the SD patients，reduce their blood hypercoagulability，and improve their hearing level and treatment effect. Hence，it is worth of clinical promotion.

Objective:To investigate the curative effect of combined hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) syndrome.Methods:A total of 40 patients with post-TBI syndrome admitted in Shenmu Hospital affiliated to Northwest University from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into conventional group and hyperbaric oxygen group, with 20 cases in each group. The conventional group was given symptomatic drugs, and the hyperbaric oxygen group was additionally treated with hyperbaric oxygen on the basis of symptomatic drugs. Before treatment, one month after treatment, and two months after treatment, the subjective symptom severity was evaluated by the Rivermead Post-concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ), and the ability of self-care was evaluated by the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ).Results:After one month of treatment, the RPQ and FAQ scores of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment ( P<0.05), and the RPQ score of the hyperbaric oxygen group was significantly lower than that of the conventional group during the same treatment period ( P<0.05). After two months of treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the RPQ and FAQ scores of the conventional group compared with those of the same group after one month of treatment ( P>0.05), while there were statistically significant differences in the RPQ and FAQ scores of the hyperbaric group compared with those of the same group after one month of treatment and those of the conventional group after two months of treatment ( P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the memory, executive ability, attention, and information processing ability of the two groups were significantly improved after one month of treatment ( P<0.05), and the scores of memory and attention in the hyperbaric oxygen group were significantly higher than those of the conventional group during the same treatment period ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the executive ability and information processing ability ( P>0.05). After two months of treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of the conventional group compared with those of the same group after one month of treatment ( P>0.05), while there were statistically significant differences in the memory and attention scores of the hyperbaric group compared with those of the same group after one month of treatment and those of the conventional group after two months of treatment ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Combined hyperbaric oxygen therapy can effectively improve the subjective symptoms, life quality, and cognitive ability of patients with post-TBI syndrome.

Objective:To investigate the curative effect of combined hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) syndrome.Methods:A total of 40 patients with post-TBI syndrome admitted in Shenmu Hospital affiliated to Northwest University from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into conventional group and hyperbaric oxygen group, with 20 cases in each group. The conventional group was given symptomatic drugs, and the hyperbaric oxygen group was additionally treated with hyperbaric oxygen on the basis of symptomatic drugs. Before treatment, one month after treatment, and two months after treatment, the subjective symptom severity was evaluated by the Rivermead Post-concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ), and the ability of self-care was evaluated by the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ).Results:After one month of treatment, the RPQ and FAQ scores of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment ( P<0.05), and the RPQ score of the hyperbaric oxygen group was significantly lower than that of the conventional group during the same treatment period ( P<0.05). After two months of treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the RPQ and FAQ scores of the conventional group compared with those of the same group after one month of treatment ( P>0.05), while there were statistically significant differences in the RPQ and FAQ scores of the hyperbaric group compared with those of the same group after one month of treatment and those of the conventional group after two months of treatment ( P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the memory, executive ability, attention, and information processing ability of the two groups were significantly improved after one month of treatment ( P<0.05), and the scores of memory and attention in the hyperbaric oxygen group were significantly higher than those of the conventional group during the same treatment period ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the executive ability and information processing ability ( P>0.05). After two months of treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of the conventional group compared with those of the same group after one month of treatment ( P>0.05), while there were statistically significant differences in the memory and attention scores of the hyperbaric group compared with those of the same group after one month of treatment and those of the conventional group after two months of treatment ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Combined hyperbaric oxygen therapy can effectively improve the subjective symptoms, life quality, and cognitive ability of patients with post-TBI syndrome.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging changes and the curative effects of early different pressure hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on moderate and severe traumatic brain injury in rats.Methods:Sixty healthy clean male adult Sprague-Dawle rats were randomly divided into four groups by random number table: traumatic brain injury group (TBI group), sham operation group (sham group. Only opening the skull, but no head strike), 0.15 MPa HBO group (giving 0.15 MPa HBO to TBI rats), and 0.25 MPa HBO group (giving 0.25 MPa HBO to TBI rats). Each group has 15 rats. All rats were subjected to modified neurological severity score (mNSS) evaluation and MRI examination on day 1 (D1), day 3 (D3), and day 7 (D7) respectively. Three regions of interest (ROI) were taken from the high-signal regions of the magnetic resonance DWI image. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of each region was measured. The ratios of the ADC of the lesion side to the ADC of the normal contralateral side, i. e. the relative ADC (rADC), were compared.Results:(1) On D1, all the rADC values of ROIs in each group were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). On D3, the rADC values of different ROIs in 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups were all lower than those in TBI group ( P< 0.05), but all higher than sham group ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference between 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups ( P>0.05). On D7, the rADC values of different ROIs in 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups were all lower than those of TBI group ( P< 0.05); there was no significant difference when those compared with sham group ( P>0.05), and there was no significant difference between 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups ( P>0.05). (2) On D1, there was no significant difference in mNSS scores among TBI group, 0.15 MPa HBO group and 0.25 MPa HBO group ( P>0.05), but the mNSS scores of TBI group, 0.15 MPa HBO group and 0.25 MPa HBO group were all significantly higher than that of sham group ( P<0.05). On D3, the mNSS scores of 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups were all lower than that of TBI group ( P<0.05), but all higher than that of sham group ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference between 0.15 MPa HBO group and 0.25 MPa HBO group ( P>0.05). On D7, the scores of mNSS in 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups were all lower than that in TBI group ( P<0.05), but all slightly higher than that in sham group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:There is definite curative effect of early HBO on moderate and severe TBI, but the pressure of HBO may not be the key factor in determining prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging changes and the curative effects of early different pressure hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on moderate and severe traumatic brain injury in rats.Methods:Sixty healthy clean male adult Sprague-Dawle rats were randomly divided into four groups by random number table: traumatic brain injury group (TBI group), sham operation group (sham group. Only opening the skull, but no head strike), 0.15 MPa HBO group (giving 0.15 MPa HBO to TBI rats), and 0.25 MPa HBO group (giving 0.25 MPa HBO to TBI rats). Each group has 15 rats. All rats were subjected to modified neurological severity score (mNSS) evaluation and MRI examination on day 1 (D1), day 3 (D3), and day 7 (D7) respectively. Three regions of interest (ROI) were taken from the high-signal regions of the magnetic resonance DWI image. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of each region was measured. The ratios of the ADC of the lesion side to the ADC of the normal contralateral side, i. e. the relative ADC (rADC), were compared.Results:(1) On D1, all the rADC values of ROIs in each group were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). On D3, the rADC values of different ROIs in 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups were all lower than those in TBI group ( P< 0.05), but all higher than sham group ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference between 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups ( P>0.05). On D7, the rADC values of different ROIs in 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups were all lower than those of TBI group ( P< 0.05); there was no significant difference when those compared with sham group ( P>0.05), and there was no significant difference between 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups ( P>0.05). (2) On D1, there was no significant difference in mNSS scores among TBI group, 0.15 MPa HBO group and 0.25 MPa HBO group ( P>0.05), but the mNSS scores of TBI group, 0.15 MPa HBO group and 0.25 MPa HBO group were all significantly higher than that of sham group ( P<0.05). On D3, the mNSS scores of 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups were all lower than that of TBI group ( P<0.05), but all higher than that of sham group ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference between 0.15 MPa HBO group and 0.25 MPa HBO group ( P>0.05). On D7, the scores of mNSS in 0.15 MPa HBO and 0.25 MPa HBO groups were all lower than that in TBI group ( P<0.05), but all slightly higher than that in sham group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:There is definite curative effect of early HBO on moderate and severe TBI, but the pressure of HBO may not be the key factor in determining prognosis.

Objective: To explore the improvement rate of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection who received entecavir alone or in combination with anluohuaxianwan for 78 weeks. Methods: Patients with chronic HBV infection were randomly treated with entecavir alone or in combination with anluohuaxian for 78 weeks. Ishak fibrosis score was used for blind interpretation of liver biopsy specimens. The improvement in liver fibrosis condition before and after the treatment was compared. Student's t test and non-parametric test (Mann-Whitney U-Test and Kruskal-Wallis test) were used to analyze the measurement data. The categorical variables were analyzed by Chi-square test method and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to test bivariate associations. Results: Liver fibrosis improvement rate after 78 weeks of treatment was 36.53% (80/219) and the progression rate was 23.29% (51/219). The improvement of liver fibrosis was associated to the degree of baseline fibrosis and treatment methods (P < 0.05). The improvement rate of hepatic fibrosis in patients treated with anluohuaxianwan combined with entecavir at baseline F < 3 (54.74%, 52/95) was significantly higher than that in patients treated only with entecavir (33.33%, 16/48), P = 0.016 and the progression rate of hepatic fibrosis (13.68%, 13/95) was lower than that in patients treated alone (18.75%, 9/48), P = 0.466. In patients with baseline F < 3, the proportion of patients with improved and stable liver fibrosis in the combined treatment group (68.1%, 32/47) was higher than that in the treatment group alone (51.7%, 15/29). Conclusion Combined anluohuaxianwan and entecavir treatment can significantly improve the improvement rate of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Furthermore, it has the tendency to improve the stability rate and reduce the rate of progression of liver fibrosis.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier woman of childbearing age with high viral load is an important source of vertical transmission of hepatitis b virus from mother-to-child in China. Routine blockade with immunoglobulin combined with hepatitis B vaccine is used for neonates born to pregnant women with high viral load of hepatitis B virus, but in some cases, immunoprophylaxis fails. The main application of antiviral drugs in pregnancy is to reduce the serum viral load, thereby significantly improve the blocking rate of vertical transmission between mother and infant. Current evidence suggested that if the maternal age is less than 30 years old, with no obvious liver fibrosis or cirrhosis and there is no increase in ALT level >2ULN( upper limit of normal) during the treatment, the treatment with antiviral drugs can be stopped after delivery immediately. Additionally, ALT level should be examined at 4, 12 and 24 weeks after stopping the drug. Antiviral therapy for the occurrence of hepatitis attack should be given if criteria for HBV treatment are met.