To explore the correlation between human body fat distribution and carotid athero-sclerosis.

Thyroid diseases are common clinical endocrine disorders， and their pathogenesis is generally considered to be closely related to genetic predisposition factors， immune system disorders， hormone levels， etc. Xiaoyaosan is widely used in the treatment of various thyroid diseases with excellent effects. This study summarized the relevant literature on the treatment of thyroid diseases with modified Xiaoyaosan prescriptions and their active ingredients from aspects such as theoretical analysis， clinical research， and mechanism research. Theoretical analysis revealed that Xiaoyaosan could not only disperse stagnated liver qi but also replenish deficient spleen Qi， which was consistent with the etiology and pathogenesis of thyroid diseases. Clinical studies found that Xiaoyaosan and its modified prescriptions could be widely used in the treatment of multiple thyroid diseases， such as hyperthyroidism， Hashimoto's thyroiditis， and thyroid nodules. Both the use of modified Xiaoyaosan alone and in combination with medications such as methimazole， propylthiouracil， and euthyrox could effectively improve patients' clinical symptoms. In the mechanism research， this study discovered that the whole formula of Xiaoyaosan and its modified prescriptions could inhibit inflammatory reactions， regulate immune balance， and delay liver damage during the treatment of thyroid diseases. The research on Xiaoyaosan for treating thyroid diseases mainly focused on thyroid cancer， autoimmune thyroiditis， hyperthyroidism， and hypothyroidism. The mechanisms of action mainly involved promoting cell apoptosis， inhibiting cell proliferation and migration， arresting the cell cycle， and regulating thyroid hormone levels. In conclusion， this study systematically combs and summarizes the research status of Xiaoyaosan in treating thyroid diseases through literature retrieval， aiming to provide new perspectives and new ideas for the prevention and treatment of thyroid diseases with traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of ischemia-modified albumin(IMA)and the crea-tine kinase(CK)index in acute ischemic stroke(AIS).Methods According to the inclusion and exclusion cri-teria,totally 149 newly diagnosed and untreated AIS patients hospitalized in Henan Provincial People's Hospi-tal from October 2021 to October 2022 were selected as the AIS group.Additionally,156 healthy people who underwent the physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.Activity levels of IMA,CK,creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and hydroxybutyrate-dehydrogen-ase(HBDH)were measured using the Abbott C1600 biochemical analyzer,and the CK index(ratio of CK-MB to CK)was calculated.Relative risk factors were analyzed,receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve was constructed,data were analyzed using SPSS27.0.1,graphs were plotted using GraphPad Prism 9.4.1,and differences in area under the curve(AUC)were compared using MedCalc(version 20.0.22).Results The AIS group exhibited significantly higher levels of IMA,CK-MB,and the CK index,and significantly lower levels of CK compared to the control group(all P＜0.05).Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that both IMA and the CK index were risk factors for AIS(both P＜0.001).After adjusting for gender and age in a multivariate binary logistic regression analysis,IMA emerged as an independent risk factor for AIS(OR=1.901,95％CI:1.649-2.190,P＜0.001).IMA,CK-MB and CK index in the AIS group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and CK levels were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that IMA and CK index were risk factors for AIS(P＜0.001).After adjusting for sex and age in multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis,IMA was an independent risk factor for AIS(OR=1.901,95％CI:1.649-2.190,P＜0.001).The ROC curve demonstrated that AUC,the sensitivity and the specificity of sin-gle detection for IMA were 0.922,81.2％,and 90.4％,respectively.There was no significant difference compared to combined detection using IMA+CK index or IMA+CK index+CK(all P＞0.05).Conclusion IMA is an independent risk factor for AIS,which has strong diagnostic value and is worthy of clinical application.

Objective Using the concept of allostatic load(AL)to evaluate aging of male SD rats and the effectiveness of Zuogui Pill in naturally aging rats.Methods Naturally aging male SD rats were tested at the ages of 2,5,8,14,18,and 21 months.They were divided into an elderly control group,low-dose Zuogui Pill group,and high-dose Zuogui Pill group.Intervention with Zuogui Pill was trialed for 3 months.Blood samples were taken from the tails of rats each month,and the number of T lymphocytes and rate of apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry.Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-c),triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),free fatty acids(FFA),25 hydroxyvitamin D(25-OH-D),corticosterone(CORT),C-reactive protein(CRP),and interleukin-6(IL-6)were detected in rat sera.By identifying the collinearity between indicators and professional considerations,LDL-c,TC,HDL-c,FFA,TG,CORT,IL-6,CRP,25-OH-D,CD3+T cell count,and CD3+T cell apoptosis rate were included in the AL scoring.The threshold for each indicator was established with data from 5-month-old rats,and the score was 1 point below or/and above the threshold.Results The serum levels of LDL-c,TG,TC,25-OH-D,CRP,and IL-6 of rats showed significant changes with age,although the patterns of change differed.The CD3+T lymphocyte count significantly decreased with age(P＜0.01),while the apoptosis rates of CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+T lymphocytes significantly increased with age(P＜0.01).Zuogui Pill significantly increased serum CORT levels in elderly rats(P＜0.01)and reduced the apoptosis rate of CD8+T lymphocytes(P＜0.05).The AL score began to increase in rats at 5 months of age and reached its peak in those of 18 months of age.Conclusions AL can better characterize the aging process compared to a single indicator.Zuogui Pill can improve the stress response ability of aging rats and alleviate immunosenescence.

Objective To construct and preliminarily apply a graded exercise rehabilitation program for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD),and to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific implementation of exercise rehabilitation by medical staff.Methods Based on Triangle model and evidence-based method,the first draft of the graded exercise rehabilitation program was constructed,and the items were revised through 2 rounds of expert consultations from March to October,2023.The graded exercise rehabilitation program was preliminarily applied in 10 patients with AECOPD.Results The effective recovery rates of the 2 rounds of expert consultation questionnaires were 100％;the expert authority coefficients were 0.857 and 0.863;the coefficients of variation were 0-0.285 and 0.052-0.244;the Kendall's harmony coefficients were 0.167 and 0.145,respectively(all P＜0.001).The final plan includes 4 first-level indicators,13 second-level indicators,and 25 third-level indicators.The scores of 6 min walking test,mMRC and CAT after exercise were improved compared with those before exercise,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The graded exercise rehabilitation program for patients with AECOPD constructed in this study has good scientificity and practicability,which can provide references for clinical implementation of exercise rehabilitation.

Objective To develop a whole course management information system for breast cancer and verify its effect in disease management of breast cancer patients.Methods An integrated service plan and system construction of"screening-diagnosis-treatment-rehabilitation"was developed,and then an information system was developed.The method of historical control was used to conveniently sample 260 cases of breast cancer patients diagnosed in a tertiary A hospital.130 cases diagnosed from May 1 to December 31,2022 were taken as a test group,and 130 cases diagnosed from May 1 to December 31,2021 were taken as a control group.The test group was managed by the whole course management information system,and the control group was managed by conventional disease management.The relevant indicators of the screening and diagnosis period of patients,the completion rate of treatment,the incidence of treatment related side effects and the cancer care satisfaction of the 2 groups were compared.Results There was a statistically significant difference in puncture waiting time,admission waiting time,and screening admission time between the 2 groups(P＜0.05),while there was no statistically significant difference in pathological waiting time(P＞0.05).The treatment completion rate of the test group was higher(P＜0.05).The incidence of lymphedema,chest obstruction and abnormal sensation of upper limbs,subcutaneous hydrops within 6 months after operation and bone marrow suppression,liver function damage,radiation dermatitis and radiation pneumonia in the test group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The cancer care satisfaction of the test group after surgery and 6 months after surgery were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The whole course management information system for breast cancer can optimize the diagnosis and treatment process,raise the diagnosis and treatment efficiency,ensure the treatment completion rate,reduce the treatment complications and improve the cancer care satisfaction.

Neurodegenerative diseases are often associated with inflammatory mechanisms, where persistent or excessive inflammatory responses can lead to neuronal damage and subsequent pathological changes. In acute neurological conditions such as stroke or traumatic brain injury, inflammation is a key factor that triggers acute neuronal injury and long-term sequelae. In chronic neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, cognitive dysfunction, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, the chronic activation of inflammation is closely related to gradual degeneration of neurons. Resolvin D1 (RvD1), an endogenous pro-resolving mediator, plays a crucial role in controlling the intensity and duration of inflammation by inhibiting excessive activation of immune cells, modulating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. This review focuses on the mechanisms of RvD1 in mediating inflammatory damage in major neurological diseases, aiming to provide theoretical support for a deeper understanding of disease mechanism, optimized therapeutic strategies, and enhanced outcome.

Background and Objective Accurate diagnosis of mucous cystic lesion(PCL)remains a clinical difficult.Both Carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and glucose(GLU)are reported to have ability to distinguish mucinous PCL from non-mucinous PCL,but the accuracy was limited.The objective of this study was to evaluate the value of cystic CEA combined with GLU in the diagnosis of mucinous PCL.Methods PCL patients who underwent pancreatic surgery and endoscopic ultrasonography guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)were retrospectively collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University.Clinical data and cystic fluid analysis of included PCLs patients were analyzed using receiver operator(ROC)curves.ROC analysis,sensitivity and specificity analyses were used to evaluate the value of CEA combined with GLU in the diagnosis of mucinous PCL.Results From January 2015 to December 2021,a total of 84 patients underwent cyst fluid CEA and GLU analysis,of whom 44(52.4％)had mucinous PCL and 40(47.6％)had non-mucinous PCL.The AUC for distinguishing mucinous from non-mucinous PCL by CEA was 0.82[(95％confidence interval(CI):0.72-0.92)].When 192 ng/mL was used as the cutoff level,the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 50％and 93％,respectively.Using 20 ng/mL as cutoff level,the diagnostic sensitivity increased to 80％and the specificity decreased to 68％.The AUC for the cystic GLU to distinguish mucinous from non-mucinous PCL was 0.73(95％CI:0.99-0.87),and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 100％and 60％,respectively.When the cutoff level of CEA was 192 ng/mL,the AUC of CEA combined with GLU in the diagnosis of mucinous PCLs was 0.94(95％Cl:0.86-0.99),while when the cutoff level of CEA was 20 ng/mL,the AUC of CEA combined with Glu in the diagnosis of mucinous PCLs was 0.94(95％CI:0.85-0.99).The AUCs were significantly higher than the AUC with single diagnostic indicators.Conclusion When using the cutoff level of 192 ng/mL,cyst fluid CEA combined with GLU has high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating mucinous PCL from non-mucinous PCL,so it can be considered for clinical application.Lower CEA cutoff level(20 ng/mL)can improve the sensitivity of diagnosis.

Pyroptosis is a kind of inflammatory cell death mediated by the Gasdermin family,which has made great progress in tumor therapy in recent years.Basing on that cell pyroptosis can activate the anti-tumor immune response,and tumor immunotherapy is a new field of tumor therapy,the regulation of cell pyroptosis exhibits great potential for tumor therapy.Meanwhile,nanotechnology is the key means of tumor precision treatment with the advantages of precise targeting and continuous release.Based on these current situations,this paper summarizes the drugs that activate pyroptosis and the nanocarriers that use nanotechnology to promote pyroptosis to participate in tumor therapy,and summarizes the mechanism and application of their action on pyroptosis.This paper is aimed to provide certain references for anti-tumor therapy based on pyroptosis.

Guillain-Barré syndrome(GBS)is an immune-mediated acute inflammatory peripheral neuropathy.It primarily manifests as acute,symmetrical,flaccid paralysis of multiple nerve roots and peripheral neuropathy,with or without cranial nerve involvement.The two most common subtypes of GBS are acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneu-ropathy(AIDP)and acute motor axonal neuropathy(AMAN).Other less common types include acute motor sensory axo-nal neuropathy(AMSAN)and Miller-Fisher syndrome(MFS).In addition,other variants,such as pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant,multiple cranial neuropathy,and paraplegia,have been increasingly reported.Therefore,GBS is gradu-ally being recognized as a spectrum of diseases.Previous studies have found and confirmed that ganglioside antibodies are associated with GBS,including anti-GM1,anti-GM2,anti-GM3,anti-GM4,anti-GD1a,anti-GD1b,anti-GT1a,anti-GT1b,and anti-GQ1b antibodies.However,GBS with a sensory level has been rarely reported.This report presents a case of anti-GM4 IgM-positive GBS with a sensory level following gastrointestinal surgery,which has not been previously reported.The findings of this study may help enhance awareness of this disease and reduce misdiagnosis.