This report describes a case of adult temporal bone Langerhans cell histiocytosis（LCH） that presented as posterior canal dehiscence syndrome（PCDS）. The patient initially presented with vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. Computed tomography（CT） revealed erosive changes in the mastoid and posterior semicircular canal. After the operation, the patient's hearing and vestibular symptoms disappeared and postoperative recovery was favorable. Adult LCH is relatively rare, and this case serves as an example to discuss the clinical features and treatment options of this disease, followed by a literature review.
Humans ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/complications* ; Semicircular Canal Dehiscence/etiology* ; Temporal Bone/pathology*

Objective: To investigate prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection among voluntary blood donors in Dalian and provide evidence for enhancing blood screening strategies. Methods: A total of 3 277 blood donor samples collected between December 2023 and February 2024 at Dalian Blood Center underwent routine blood screening (ALT, HBsAg, anti-HCV, HIV Ag/Ab, anti-TP, and HBV/HCV/HIV NAT). Subsequently, HEV antigen (Ag) was detected using chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). HEV-Ag reactive samples were further tested for HEV RNA, IgM and IgG antibodies. Blood donors with repeated reactive HEV Ag results were followed up to clarify the status of infection. Results: Among the 3 277 blood donor samples, 6 (0.18%) were repeatedly reactive for HEV Ag. However, supplemental testing for HEV RNA, anti-HEV IgM, and anti-HEV IgG on these samples yielded non-reactive results. One of these six blood donors was successfully followed up. On day 218 after the initial detection of HEV Ag reactivity, HEV Ag, HEV RNA, HEV IgM and IgG antibody were found to be non-reactive. Conclusion: The reaction rate for HEV antigen screening among voluntary blood donors in Dalian is low. CLIA method for detecting HEV antigen is easy to operate and cost-effective, but demonstrates some false reactivity. Improving the specificity of the assay and combining it with nucleic acid testing (NAT) would be valuable for implementing a selective HEV screening strategy for blood donors.

Fucoxanthin is a pigment found in plants and animals such as algae， marine plankton and aquatic shellfish， and holds significant potential for development in the pharmaceutical field. This review introduces the anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， anticancer， anti-obesity， and other pharmacological effects of fucoxanthin， as well as recent advances in drug design research. It was found that fucoxanthin can exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through mechanisms such as activating AMP- activated protein kinase related signaling pathways， regulating the expression of inflammatory factors， altering microbial stability， thereby improving conditions such as metabolic associated fatty liver disease and colitis. It can exert selective antitumor effects through multi-target synergistic actions； and it was also found that it can exert anti-obesity effects by regulating the intestinal microbiota. Its characteristic functional groups （such as hydroxyl and epoxy groups） possess target specificity and reversible inhibitory properties， making it a suitable template for guiding the design and development of novel drugs， thereby providing new insights for breaking through the limitations of traditional drug design.

Objective To explore the effect of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)on gut microbiota and blood ammonia level in patients with decompensated cirrhosis,and to analyze the correlation between the gut microbiota and blood ammonia level.Methods From July 2021 to December 2023,the patients with decompensated cirrhosis and portal hypertension complicated by esophagogastric variceal bleeding and/or refractory ascites,who received TIPS at Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,were collected.The blood and stool samples were collected before and after TIPS.The changes in blood routine,prothrombin time,liver function,and blood ammonia level were determined.The change of gut microbiota was detected using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing,and Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between the gut microbiota and blood ammonia level.Results In 20 patients,the post-TIPS one-month levels of AST,TBil,DBiL,PT,and blood ammonia were higher than their pre-TIPS values(P＜0.05),and the albumin(Alb)level was lower than the pre-TIPS value(P＜0.05).The post-TIPS 3-month levels of TBil,DBil,PT,and blood ammonia were higher than their pre-TIPS values(P＜0.05).One month after TIPS,the beta diversity of the gut microbiota became significantly different from the pre-TIPS pattern(P＜0.05).After TIPS,the harmful bacteria such as Veillonella,Streptococcus and Haemophilus were significantly reduced,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The correlation analysis of gut microbiota and blood ammonia level showed that in T0 group Colidextribacter was positively correlated with blood ammonia level,while Roxobella was negatively correlated with blood ammonia level;and in T1 group,Colidextribacter and Streptococcus were positively correlated with blood ammonia level,while Coprococcus,Bifidobacterium and Parasutterella were negatively correlated with blood ammonia level,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion In patients with decompensated cirrhosis after receiving TIPS,significant changes in the pattern of gut microbiota occur.Certain correlations exist between the changes of some microbiota and blood ammonia levels.Regulating the intestinal microecology may contribute to reducing blood ammonia level after TIPS.

AIM To establish a GC-MS/MS method for the analysis of volatile components in Yinhu Ganmao Powder,and to determine the contents of α-pinene,camphene,sabinene,β-pinene,α-terpinene,(+)-limonene,p-cymene,1,8-cineole,linalool,L-menthol,terpinen-4-ol,DL-menthol,α-terpineol,tridecane,pulegone,caryophyllene,humulene,n-hexadecane and patchouli alcohol.METHODS The analysis was performed on a DB-624 UI capillary column(30 m×0.25 mm×1.40 μm ),and electron ionization source was adopted with multiple reaction monitoring mode.RESULTS Fifty volatile components and twenty-five liposoluble components were identified in volatile oils and medicinal material powder,respectively.Nineteen constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r ≥ 0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 84.43％-113.31％with the RSDs of less than 9.15％.CONCLUSION This stable,accurate and reproducible method can provide a reference for the quality evaluation of Yinhu Ganmao Powder.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common sports-related knee injury. Its early clinical symptoms include knee swelling, pain with restricted movement, and may progress to knee instability and even secondary osteoarthritis in later stages, significantly affecting the patients′ athletic performance and quality of life. Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction is currently regarded as the gold standard treatment for ACL injuries. However, due to the factors including surgical techniques and rehabilitation protocols, the probability of patients returning to their pre-injury sports level postoperatively remains suboptimal. Therefore, developing individualized preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation protocds are particularly crucial. Traditionally, rehabilitation was implemented postoperatively, overlooking the significance of preoperative rehabilitation. Preoperative rehabilitation primarily involves comprehensive management and functional training, which can enhance patient satisfaction, reduce postoperative complications, and shorten the return-to-sport duration. Standardized preoperative rehabilitation is essential for enabling patients to return to sports promptly after surgery, however, there remain controversies regarding the optimal timing, training intensity, and duration of preoperative rehabilitation. To this end, the authors reviewed the application of preoperative rehabilitation in ACL reconstruction, aiming to provide references for establishing standardized preoperative rehabilitation protocols in clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: The sirtuin family is well recognized for its crucial involvement in various cellular processes. Nevertheless, studies on its role in the human endometrium are limited. This study aimed to explore the expression and localization of the sirtuin family in the human endometrium, focusing on sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and its potential role in the oxidative imbalance of the endometrium in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: Endometrial specimens were collected from both patients with PCOS and controls undergoing hysteroscopy at the Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, from July to August 2015 and used for cell culture. The protective effects of SIRT3 were investigated, and the mechanism of SIRT3 in improving endometrial receptivity of patients with PCOS was determined using various techniques, including cellular bioenergetic analysis, small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) silencing, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS: The sirtuin family was widely expressed in the human endometrium, with SIRT3 showing a significant increase in expression in patients with PCOS compared with controls ( P <0.05), as confirmed by protein and gene assays. Concurrently, endometrial antioxidant levels were elevated, while mitochondrial respiratory capacity was reduced, in patients with PCOS ( P <0.05). An endometrial oxidative stress (OS) model revealed that the downregulation of SIRT3 impaired the growth and proliferation status of endometrial cells and reduced their receptivity to day 4 mouse embryos. The results suggested that SIRT3 might be crucial in maintaining normal cellular state by regulating antioxidants, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, thereby contributing to enhanced endometrial receptivity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings proposed a significant role of SIRT3 in improving endometrial receptivity in patients with PCOS by alleviating OS and regulating the balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, SIRT3 could be a promising target for predicting and improving endometrial receptivity in this patient population.
Humans ; Female ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/metabolism* ; Endometrium/metabolism* ; Sirtuin 3/genetics* ; Oxidative Stress/genetics* ; Adult ; Animals ; Mice ; Apoptosis/physiology* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Cell Proliferation/physiology*

Extensive studies have identified potential adverse effects on semen quality of obesity, based on body mass index, but the association between body fat distribution, a more relevant indicator for obesity, and semen quality remains less clear. We conducted a longitudinal study of 4304 sperm donors from the Guangdong Provincial Human Sperm Bank (Guangzhou, China) during 2017-2021. A body composition analyzer was used to measure total and local body fat percentage for each participant. Generalized estimating equations were employed to assess the association between body fat percentage and sperm count, motility, and morphology. We estimated that each 10% increase in total body fat percentage (estimated change [95% confidence interval, 95% CI]) was significantly associated with a 0.18 × 10 6 (0.09 × 10 6 -0.27 × 10 6 ) ml and 12.21 × 10 6 (4.52 × 10 6 -19.91 × 10 6 ) reduction in semen volume and total sperm count, respectively. Categorical analyses and exposure-response curves showed that the association of body fat distribution with semen volume and total sperm count was stronger at higher body fat percentages. In addition, the association still held among normal weight and overweight participants. We observed similar associations for upper limb, trunk, and lower limb body fact distributions. In conclusion, we found that a higher body fat distribution was significantly associated with lower semen quality (especially semen volume) even in men with a normal weight. These findings provide useful clues in exploring body fat as a risk factor for semen quality decline and add to evidence for improving semen quality for those who are expected to conceive.
Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Semen Analysis ; China ; Body Fat Distribution ; Longitudinal Studies ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Body Mass Index ; Tissue Donors ; Obesity/complications* ; Spermatozoa ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; East Asian People

A 10-year-old girl was admitted with a 38-hour history of widespread subcutaneous petechiae and hematuria and a 6-hour history of jaundice and oliguria. Physical examination revealed widespread subcutaneous petechiae and jaundice of the skin and sclera. Laboratory tests showed anemia, thrombocytopenia, acute kidney injury, and markedly elevated lactate dehydrogenase. Thrombotic microangiopathy was initially diagnosed, with a high suspicion of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). Eculizumab was initiated within 9 hours of admission (within 48 hours of onset). After the first infusion, hemolysis rapidly ceased, and the platelet count and renal function gradually returned to normal. Whole-exome sequencing identified homozygous deletions of CFHR1 exon 2 and CFHR4 exon 1. aHUS typically has abrupt onset and rapid progression. Clinicians should maintain high suspicion for aHUS when the triad of thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and acute kidney injury is present. Ultra-early eculizumab (within 48 hours of onset) rapidly blocks complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy, reverses organ injury, and improves long-term prognosis. Additionally, complement-related genetic testing is important for etiological clarification and individualized determination of eculizumab treatment duration.
Humans ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage* ; Female ; Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome/drug therapy* ; Child ; Complement C3b Inactivator Proteins