Background Ancient Mongolian doctors and scholar-monks identified diseases that are not found in Indian Ayurveda or Tibetan medicine but were prevalent among Mongolians, in accordance with the theory of wind, bile, and phlegm, leading to a revision of disease classification. A notable example is the entirely new systematization of the classification, nomenclature, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases. Consequently, it is essential to examine the texts of Mongolian doctors and maarambas who have made significant contributions in this field and have worked to revitalize and advance knowledge in this area. Objective: The research objective is to identify medicinal raw materials used in prescriptions for the bubonic plague that occurred in Mongolia, which were not included in the classification of infectious diseases in the ”Ashtanga hridaya samhita,” one of the three major Ayurvedic works, and the ”Four Medical Tantras”, the principal text for training Tibetan and Mongolian doctors. Methods: This study utilized source analysis of ancient texts and the checklist method as research methods. Conclusion: The renowned Mongolian medical scholar Ishbaljir authored his book “Rashaani tsagan sevder” in 1753, in which he claimed to be the first Mongolian physician to write about marmot poisoning or bubonic plague. Historically, Mongolian ancestors and nomadic communities have long employed various methods to prevent and treat infectious diseases. Over time, these practices were adapted and enriched to suit regional characteristics, extreme climates, unique living conditions, and the physiological traits of the population. Some approaches were newly discovered, while others evolved through generations of experience. Through this process, these methods contributed to the development of a unique and comprehensive body of medical knowledge, shaped by the cognitive and scientific advancements of ancient doctors and maarambas.

Introduction: The text “Secret Medicine Recipes of Important Matters” represents a unique heritage that embodies the theories and concepts of traditional Mongolian medicine, particularly as a documentary source of medicinal composition. Through this work, it is important to examine the terminology, theoretical and methodological concepts, and characteristics of medical works written in Mongolian script within the field of traditional Mongolian medicine.
To conduct a study of the final words of the second volume of the “Secret Medicine Recipes for Important Matters” and to compare and analyze the original text, including some outdated terms and content. Methods: The second volume of the book “Secret Medicine Recipes for Important Matters” is a Mongolian manuscript. The book measures 22.7x22.3 cm and contains 111 pages. It is covered with yellow silk featuring a floral pattern and is bound with four holes using twisted brownish-yellow thread. The text is written on coarse paper with red lines. Methods of textual analysis for ancient books and translated methods were used in the study. Conclusion The second volume of the “Secret Medicine Recipes for Important Matters” contains a description of the nasal immunization method of the white ash medicine used for disease prevention. The method involves administering the substance through the nose to regulate sputum, and from a modern perspective, it can be interpreted as a live vaccination. The most optimal version of this method was created by Tsakhar Geshe Luvsanchultem and written in his work, and later used as an injection for the three Gobi Gurvan Saikhan’s Sharav maaramba.