Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of influenza A(H3N2) in Tangshan City, Hebei Province, from 2023 to 2025, and to provide a scientific basis for precise prevention and control of local influenza. Methods The influenza-like cases and influenza outbreak cases in the influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Tangshan City from January 2023 to December 2025 were included in this study. The clinical characteristics and epidemic characteristics of H3N2 influenza patients were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods and chi-square test. Results A total of 11 567 influenza case samples were tested in the study, with a positive rate of 9.34% (1 080/11 567). Influenza A (H3N2) remained the predominant circulating subtype throughout the study period. January 2023 to February 2023 marked the tailing end of the previous season’s H3N2. Then, a minor peak dominated by H1N1 occurred from March to June, and H3N2 circulated again from October to December, peaking in December. From September 2024 to December 2024, H1N1 and H3N2 circulated concurrently, with H3N2 as the dominant strain, peaking in January of the following year. From March 2025 to September 2025, influenza activity remained at low level, and activity began to rise in October, with H1N1 peaking in November before declining, and H3N2 becoming the dominant strain in December. H3N2 mainly occurred in the 5-14 years old group. Cases in the 0–4-year-old group were primarily characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, with high fever being common. Cases in the 5–59-year-old group were primarily characterized by systemic and respiratory symptoms, with better clinical outcomes. Cases aged 60 and older exhibited the highest rates of hospitalization, severe illness, and incidence of complications. Conclusion From 2023 to 2025, the influenza virus in Tangshan City, Hebei Province is dominated by influenza A (H3N2). The epidemic is characterized by a peak incidence during autumn and winter, co-circulation with H1N1, and fluctuations during the peak period. It is necessary to pay attention to the clinical management and prevention and control of influenza A (H3N2) in infants and the elderly.

ObjectiveThe controllability changes of structural brain network were explored based on the control and brain network theory in young smokers, this may reveal that the controllability indicators can serve as a powerful factor to predict the sleep status in young smokers. MethodsFifty young smokers and 51 healthy controls from Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology were enrolled. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to construct structural brain network based on fractional anisotropy (FA) weight matrix. According to the control and brain network theory, the average controllability and the modal controllability were calculated. Two-sample t-test was used to compare the differences between the groups and Pearson correlation analysis to examine the correlation between significant average controllability and modal controllability with Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND) in young smokers. The nodes with the controllability score in the top 10% were selected as the super-controllers. Finally, we used BP neural network to predict the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in young smokers. ResultsThe average controllability of dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, lenticular nucleus putamen, and lenticular nucleus pallidum, and the modal controllability of orbital inferior frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, gyrus rectus, and posterior cingulate gyrus in the young smokers’ group, were all significantly different from those of the healthy controls group (P<0.05). The average controllability of the right supplementary motor area (SMA.R) in the young smokers group was positively correlated with FTND (r=0.393 0, P=0.004 8), while modal controllability was negatively correlated with FTND (r=-0.330 1, P=0.019 2). ConclusionThe controllability of structural brain network in young smokers is abnormal. which may serve as an indicator to predict sleep condition. It may provide the imaging evidence for evaluating the cognitive function impairment in young smokers.

China has become the country with the highest global burden of heart failure(HF).Despite the widespread use of prognostic-improving medications today,the mortality rate of HF remains high,reaching 13.7％at one year-particularly among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF).HF interventional device therapy(structural intervention)targets the structural factors underlying HF,including atrial pressure,ventricular remodeling,and valvular intervention.It leverages the heart's intrinsic physiological properties and pathological progression mechanisms to deliver treatments through interventions without external active forces,achieving anatomical or functional repair.This field has emerged as a rapidly growing area and plays an increasingly critical role in HF management.This article provides a comprehensive review and summary of the latest advancements in HF and cardiomyopathy interventional therapy over the past year.It covers various novel technologies and products currently in the research phase,aiming to provide an in-depth analysis of the current status and future directions of HF interventional therapy,and further advance the development of this discipline.

The integration of science and education is not only an important strategy for promoting social progress and technological development,but also a modern form of higher education aiming at cultivating innovative talents.Conducting scientific research training for undergraduate medical students is one of the important ways to cultivate their innovative abilities and comprehensive qualities.Our team proposed a"teaching,science,and ideology trinity"teaching model to comprehensively cultivate students' scientific research comprehensive abilities under the value orientation of ideological and political education by or-ganically integrating molecular biology experimental teaching with the scientific research training of under-graduate medical students.In this teaching activity,taking the experiment of gene polymorphism as an example,our team selected students with research potential from the whole grade and divided them into 4 project groups that were instructed by 4 teachers.The students were trained in the whole process of scien-tific research,including topic selection,project writing,experimental designing,application for research ethics,and project summary.Our team has always adhered to student-contentedness of educational con-cepts to stimulate students' intrinsic motivation throughout the teaching process.Students are the design-ers and implementers of the project,and teachers are only guides and promoters of learning.After this training,students not only became familiar with the writing and implementation of scientific research pro-jects,but also improved their literature reading,experimental designing,experimental skills,and prob-lem-solving abilities.More importantly,this teaching activity also cultivated students' awareness of re-search ethics and academic moral standards.

The characteristics and present situation of medical metrology teaching were introduced.A medical metrology teaching system based on constructivism and hybrid mode theory was established,and the teaching strategy was put forward including inquiry-based learning,scaffolding instruction,scenario-based teaching and cooperative learning.The system developed resulted in stable overall performance,decreased distributional difference and enhanced learning outcomes.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(3):90-95]

How to effectively strengthen mutual supervision and weave a tight protective net against corruption in the medical field between the same-level leadership members in public hospitals, has become an urgent issue to be addressed for public hospitals′ leadership construction. Based on the investigation and research, the authors focused on the problems of " unwilling to supervise, afraid to supervise, unable to supervise and ineffective supervision" that existed between the same-level leadership members in public hospitals. Countermeasures and suggestions were proposed for strengthening mutual supervision between the same-level leadership members from five aspects: consolidating the ideological foundation, focusing on key points, establishing a sound supervision mechanism, purifying the political environment, and improving the evaluation system.

Objective:To investigate the expression and methylation status of the SALL4 gene in placental tissues of fetal growth restriction (FGR) and its effects on trophoblast cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Methods:Placental tissues were collected from 20 full-term FGR patients and 20 healthy term controls who underwent regular prenatal examination and cesarean section at the Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University between July 2023 and February 2024. SALL4 mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Methylation specific polymerase china reaction (MSP) assessed promoter methylation levels. HTR8/SVneo cells were transfected with SALL4-targeting small interfering RNA (si-SALL4) or negative control small interfering RNA (si-NC). HTR8/SVneo cells were treated with the demethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) to inhibit gene methylation (5-Aza-dC group) or with 10% RPMI-1640 medium as a vehicle control. Transfection efficiency (for siRNA) and the efficacy of 5-Aza-dC-induced demethylation were assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The functional effects of SALL4 knockdown and methylation inhibition on trophoblast cells were evaluated using proliferation assays, scratch wound healing assays, and Transwell invasion assays. Statistical analyses included independent t-tests and Chi-square test. Results:(1) Human tissues: FGR placentas showed lower SALL4 mRNA (0.802±0.194 vs. 1.015±0.186, t=3.55) and protein expression (0.445±0.114 vs. 0.701±0.113, t=3.19), alongside higher methylation rates of SALL4 [80% (16/20) vs. 15% (3/20), χ2=14.44] compared to controls (all P<0.05). (2) In vitro: si-SALL4 transfection reduced HTR8/SVneo proliferation (OD450 at 48 h: 0.653±0.021 vs. 0.827±0.040, t=6.60), migration [healing rate at 48 h: (24.317±2.637)% vs. (49.327±1.961)%, t=13.18], and invasion [counted invaded cells: (133.000±6.557) vs. (272.667±18.009) cells, t=12.62] versus si-NC (all P<0.05). Conversely, 5-Aza-dC treatment increased HTR8/SVneo proliferation (0.917±0.042 vs. 0.783±0.031, t=－4.47), migration [(71.097±3.354)% vs. (51.632±2.877)%, t=－7.63], and invasion [(384.000±12.166) vs. (202.833±7.095) cells, t=－13.69] versus vehicle control (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Hypermethylation of the SALL4 promoter in FGR placentas suppresses its expression, impairing trophoblast cell function. Demethylation restores SALL4 expression and enhances cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion, involving in the occurrence and development of FGR disease.

This study was analyzed the spatial-temporal distribution and aggregation characteristics of Yersinia pestispositive host animals and vector pathogens in marmot natural foci in the Qilian-Altun mountains,Gansu Province,to provide a scientific basis for precise plague prevention and control.Y.pestissurveillance data for marmot natural foci in Qilian-Altun Mountains of Gansu Province from 2014 to 2023 were obtained from the Disease Control and Prevention Center of Gansu Province.Origin 2024 software was used for data visualization and presentation.Global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses and trend analyses were conducted in ArcGIS 10.8 software,with townships as the spatial scale.Cumulatively,440 strains of Y.pestis were isolated from the natural marmot foci in the Qilian-Altun mountainsof Gansu Province from 2014 to 2023.Most strains was isolated from marmots(345 strains,78.41%),and the remainder were isolated from vectors.Temporal distribution analysis indicated that the highest number of detected bacteria was reported in July and August(both 121 strains,27.50%).Regional distribution analysis revealed that Aksai County reported the highest number of detected bacteria(255 strains,57.95%).Global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed a spatially clustered distribution of the number of bacteria detected annually in the townships containing natural foci,except in2014,2016,and 2021-2023.The strongest spatial clustering was observed in 2020(Moran's I=0.521 2,Z=14.397 0,P<0.001).Local spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated a"high-high"aggregation area in the natural foci every year from 2014 to 2023,primarily in Hongliuwan Town of Aksai County and Dangchengwan Town of Subei County.The distribution of the"low-low"aggregation area was essentially consistent with the low activity area of the Yersinia pestisepidemic.The trend in annual total bacterial count gradually increased from east to west,and peaked in the western part of the epidemic focus.Clear spatial aggregation characteristics of the number of Y.pestis were detected in the marmot natural foci in the Qilian-Altun mountains at the townshiplevel as a whole in Gansu Province from 2014 to 2023.The aggregation area was mainly in the western section of Qilian Mountain to the Altun mountain section of the epidemic source area.Monitoring and prevention and control efforts should be focused in this key area,with prevention and control measures tailored to the local conditions,and classified guidance to decrease the risk of plague occurrence and spread.

Objective:To evaluate the quality of psychological distress assessment tools for cancer patients and provide evidence for clinical nurses in selecting appropriate instruments.Methods:A systematic literature search was conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, Embase, Cochrane Library, Medline, Web of Science, and PubMed from database inception to May 27, 2024, to identify studies on psychological distress assessment tools for cancer patients. Two reviewers independently screened the literature and extracted data based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the included tools was evaluated using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guideline, and the quality grading was made using a modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Results:A total of 25 articles involving 21 assessment tools were included. None of the tools reported measurement error, responsiveness, or hypothesis testing. Among them, 3 instruments: Chinese version of the Cancer Distress Scales for Adolescent and Young Adults (CDS-AYA-C), Chinese version of the Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer (MAX-PC), and the Chinese version of the Short Demoralization Scale (DS-Ⅱ-C) were given grade A recommendations. The remaining 18 tools received grade B recommendations.Conclusions:The CDS-AYA-C, MAX-PC, and DS-Ⅱ-C demonstrated relatively balanced measurement properties and can be temporarily recommended for assessing psychological distress in cancer patients. However, further validation of their methodological quality and psychometric properties is needed. It is also recommended to develop culturally adapted psychological distress assessment tools for cancer patients in China.

The integration of science and education is not only an important strategy for promoting social progress and technological development,but also a modern form of higher education aiming at cultivating innovative talents.Conducting scientific research training for undergraduate medical students is one of the important ways to cultivate their innovative abilities and comprehensive qualities.Our team proposed a"teaching,science,and ideology trinity"teaching model to comprehensively cultivate students' scientific research comprehensive abilities under the value orientation of ideological and political education by or-ganically integrating molecular biology experimental teaching with the scientific research training of under-graduate medical students.In this teaching activity,taking the experiment of gene polymorphism as an example,our team selected students with research potential from the whole grade and divided them into 4 project groups that were instructed by 4 teachers.The students were trained in the whole process of scien-tific research,including topic selection,project writing,experimental designing,application for research ethics,and project summary.Our team has always adhered to student-contentedness of educational con-cepts to stimulate students' intrinsic motivation throughout the teaching process.Students are the design-ers and implementers of the project,and teachers are only guides and promoters of learning.After this training,students not only became familiar with the writing and implementation of scientific research pro-jects,but also improved their literature reading,experimental designing,experimental skills,and prob-lem-solving abilities.More importantly,this teaching activity also cultivated students' awareness of re-search ethics and academic moral standards.