Objective:To understand the cognition and training status of basic life support among medical staff in Linfen, Shanxi Province, and to provide reference for the development of targeted training strategies and programs.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical staff in 12 county hospitals in Linfen, Shanxi Province by convenience sampling method. The survey included the general characteristics of departments and medical staff, previous basic life support training assessment and cognitive status.Results:A total of 839 medical staff were included, 756 (90.1%) completed the survey, 183 (24.2%) were doctors and 573 (75.8%) were nurses. Most personnel lacked awareness of environmental safety, emergency response system start-up, adequate compression, airway management, and electrical defibrillation.Conclusions:The cognitive status of basic life support of medical staff in Linfen county is not optimistic. It is necessary to construct an applicable precision training course and retraining assessment system to improve the cognitive level and practical operation ability.

Objective:To explore the taste alterations and nutritional status of lung cancer patients during chemotherapy, and analyze the correlation between the two.Methods:From June to December 2021, continuous fixed-point sampling was used to select lung cancer inpatients receiving chemotherapy in the Department of Thoracic Medicine of Beijing Cancer Hospital, Peking University. The patients' taste alterations were evaluated using the Chemotherapy-induced Taste Alteration Scale (CiTAS), and their nutritional status was evaluated using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM). The patients' weight and calf circumference were also measured. Taste alterations were evaluated on the first day before chemotherapy and the eighth days (T1 to T8) of the first to fourth cycles, respectively, at a total of 8 time points. The nutritional status was evaluated at four time points, including T1, T3, T5, and T7. The correlation between taste alterations and nutritional status was analyzed using generalized estimation equations.Results:A total of 77 patients completed all evaluations. The total CiTAS scores of lung cancer patients from T1 to T8 were (4.21±0.05), (5.52±0.14), (4.67±0.08), (6.05±0.17), (4.84±0.10), (6.45±0.18), (4.97±0.10) and (6.57±0.16), respectively. At T1, T3, T5, and T7, the proportion of patients with positive nutritional risk was 10.4% (8/77), 22.1% (17/77), 26.0% (20/77) and 29.9% (23/77), respectively, and the body weight was (67.08±1.07), (66.46±1.09), (66.12±1.09), (65.88±1.09) kg, and the calf circumference was (35.00±2.31), (34.71±2.41), (34.49±2.45), (34.38±2.47) cm and the number of patients with malnutrition was 1 (1.3%), 6 (7.8%), 10 (11.3%) and 11 (11.3%), respectively. The total score of CiTAS was positively correlated with NRS 2002 score, malnutrition ratio, and weight loss, while negatively correlated with calf circumference, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy have significant taste alterations, which worsen after each cycle of chemotherapy and recover before the next cycle of chemotherapy, but cannot return to baseline levels. The nutritional status of lung cancer patients is deteriorating, with an increasing proportion of patients at nutritional risk and malnutrition, as well as a continuous decline in weight and calf circumference. Taste alterations affect the nutritional status of patients. It is suggested that attention should be paid to the management of taste alterations and nutritional intervention during chemotherapy to improve the nutritional status of patients.

Microenvironmental biophysical factors play a fundamental role in controlling cell behaviors including cell morphology, proliferation, adhesion and differentiation, and even determining the cell fate. Cells are able to actively sense the surrounding mechanical microenvironment and change their cellular morphology to adapt to it. Although cell morphological changes have been considered to be the first and most important step in the interaction between cells and their mechanical microenvironment, their regulatory network is not completely clear. In the current study, we generated silicon-based elastomer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates with stiff (15:1, PDMS elastomer vs. curing agent) and soft (45:1) stiffnesses, which showed the Young's moduli of ~450 kPa and 46 kPa, respectively, and elucidated a new path in cytoskeleton re-organization in chondrocytes in response to changed substrate stiffnesses by characterizing the axis shift from the secreted extracellular protein laminin β1, focal adhesion complex protein FAK to microfilament bundling. We first showed the cellular cytoskeleton changes in chondrocytes by characterizing the cell spreading area and cellular synapses. We then found the changes of secreted extracellular linkage protein, laminin β1, and focal adhesion complex protein, FAK, in chondrocytes in response to different substrate stiffnesses. These two proteins were shown to be directly interacted by Co-IP and colocalization. We next showed that impact of FAK on the cytoskeleton organization by showing the changes of microfilament bundles and found the potential intermediate regulators. Taking together, this modulation axis of laminin β1-FAK-microfilament could enlarge our understanding about the interdependence among mechanosensing, mechanotransduction, and cytoskeleton re-organization.
Cell Adhesion ; Chondrocytes ; Cytoskeleton/metabolism* ; Elastomers/metabolism* ; Laminin/metabolism* ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular

Objective:To investigate the effects of intraoperative irrigation with hypothermic 3% sodium chloride solution on surgery effect and post-tonsillectomy pain in adults.Methods:A total of 120 adult patients with the plasma tonsillectomy from January to December 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were divided into observation group A, observation group B, observation group C and control group according to random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. During operation, observation group A used hypothermia 3% sodium chloride, observation group B used room temperature 3% sodium chloride, observation group C used hypothermia 0.9% sodium chloride, control group used room temperature 0.9% sodium chloride. The quality of surgical field quality, operation time, blood loss in operation, duration of catheter, the postoperative wound pain at 24, 48, 72 h after operation were compared among four groups.Results:The surgical field quality scores were (2.07 ± 0.87) points in the observation group A, significantly lower than in the observation group B (2.57 ± 0.73) points, observation group C (2.60 ± 0.56) points and control group (3.10 ± 0.66) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.71, 2.89, 5.61, all P<0.01). Amounts of blood loss in operation were (9.13 ± 1.74), (10.03 ± 2.81), (10.50 ± 2.09) ml in the observation group A, observation group B and observation group C, significantly lower than in the control group (15.23 ± 3.64) ml, the differences were statistically significant ( t=8.85, 7.54, 6.87, all P<0.01). At 24 h after operation, the scores of Numerical Rating Scale(NRS) were (3.23 ± 0.77), (3.53 ± 0.63), (3.80 ± 0.89) points in the observation group A, observation group B and observation group C, significantly lower than in the control group (4.43 ± 1.17) points. At 48 h after operation, the scores of NRS were (2.37 ± 0.72) points in the observation group A, significantly lower than in the control group (2.93 ± 0.83) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.77-5.25, all P<0.01).There was no significant difference in operation time, duration of catheter and wound pain 72 hours after operation among the four groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Intraoperative use of hypothermic 3% sodium chloride solution can reduce the amount of blood loss in operation in adult patients with plasma tonsillectomy, increase the clarity of visual field, and effectively reduce postoperative pain.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine and abdominal adipose tissue in adult males.Methods:A total of 1 374 healthy male examinees in the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from June 2018 to September 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The age ranged from 30 to 75 (50.9±0.30) years. Height, weight and waist circumference was measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Quantitative CT (QCT) was used to measure the mean BMD value of L1 and L2. The abdominal subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and visceral fat area (VFA) at the level of L2 were measured as well. According to the BMD, the males were divided into three groups: normal group, osteopenic group and osteoporosis group. One-way ANOVA was applied to compare the age, BMI, VFA and SFA among three groups. LSD- t test was used for multiple comparisons, and Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between age, BMI, VFA, SFA and lumbar BMD. Results:Totally 807 healthy males were in normal group, 451 in osteopenic group and 116 in osteoporosis group. There were significant differences in age, BMI and VFA among normal group, osteopenic group and osteoporosis group ( F=237.939, 5.788, 4.919, P<0.001, 0.003, 0.007). Age and VFA was higher in osteopenic group compared with normal group, and BMI was lower in osteopenic group compared with normal group. Age was higher in osteoporosis group compared with normal group, and the BMI was lower in osteoporosis group compared with normal group. The age was higher in osteoporosis group compared with osteopenic group. The above differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Although there was no statistical difference in VFA and SFA between osteopenic group and osteoporosis group, the VFA and SFA was higher in osteopenic group compared with osteoporosis group. BMD of male lumbar spine was negatively correlated with age ( r=-0.542, P<0.001), VFA( r=-0.104, P<0.001), and positively correlated with BMI ( r=0.109, P<0.001). After controlling for age and BMI, BMD was still negatively correlated with VFA ( r=-0.129, P<0.05). Conclusions:Males with abdominal obesity is more likely to manifest as low bone mass. The lumbar BMD is possibly negatively correlated with visceral adipose tissue in male.

Objective:To investigate the effect and necessity of fine operation on the improvement of the preparation outcome of paclitaxel (albumin-binding) intravenous infusion for injection.Methods:The detailed refinement of the preparation method in the specification of paclitaxel (albumin-binding) for injection was developed. The fine operation of paclitaxel (albumin-binding) for injection mainly consists of two parts: The mixing method of solvent and drug: including syringe needle length into drug vial, solvent injection speed, state of drug waiting for dissolution, and the shaking speed of the drug vial. The method of extracting the dissolved liquid in the drug vial and injecting it into a 100 ml sterile empty 0.9% sodium chloride injection bottle: including the speed of refilling the 100 ml sterile empty 0.9% sodium chloride injection bottle, and restoring the pressure balance inside and outside the infusion bottle. The effect of fine operation on the preparation of paclitaxel (albumin-binding) for injection was evaluated by comparing the production of foam and the preparation time before and after the implementation of fine operation.Results:Before and after the implementation of fine operation, the foaming rate of the foam in the drug vial decreased from 28.57% (10/35) to 12.50% (12/96), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 4.471, P=0.029); and the foaming rate of the mixed liquid from the drug vial into the 100 ml sterile empty 0.9% sodium chloride injection bottle decreased from 46.15% (6/13) to 9.09% (3/33), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 8.140, P value was 0.004); and the preparation time of single drug was reduced by 3.37 minutes after the implementation of fine operation, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 79.744, P<0.05). Conclusion:The preparation method of fine operation of paclitaxel (albumin-binding) for injection is operable, safe and reliable. After implementation, it can effectively reduce the production of foam in the drug vial and infusion bottle, improve the stability of drug preparation, shorten the preparation time, and ensure the safe, timely and effective medication for patients.

D-alanine is a chiral molecule of L-alanine that participates in the formation and regulation of cell wall peptidoglycans, phosphoteichoic acid, spore germination and respiratory metabolism in individual bacteria. D-alanine participates in the formation and regulation of biofilm in bacterial communities. The function and metabolism of D-alanine in bacteria are specific, and the enzymes and genes in its metabolic pathway can be used as drug targeting sites. In this paper, the synthesis, metabolism and function of D-alanine in bacteria were reviewed, and the relationship between D-alanine and pathogenicity of Streptococcus mutans was discussed to provide a theoretical basis for candidate targeting sites of anti-caries drugs. According to existing research results, the enzymes and related genes involved in D-alanine metabolism play important roles in the growth and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans, and D-alanine is expected to be a target for the design of anti-caries drugs.

Objective To investigate the effect of community comprehensive intervention on health behavior and self-rated health status among family caregivers of disabled elderly.Methods One hundredand twenty family caregivers of disabled elderly were selected from community health service centers of Beijing Dongcheng District,and were given 6 month-comprehensive community intervention (intervention group);121 family caregivers of disabled elderly from another community were selected as the control group.The knowledge and skills of caregiving,health behaviors (daily exercise time,daily relaxation time) and self-rated health status were evaluated before and 6 months after intervention.Results The knowledge and skill scores in intervention group were improved by 50.781 points,the daily exercise time and daily relaxation time were prolonged by 0.491 h and 0.837 h,respectively after the intervention (all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in self-rated health status of two groups before and after intervention (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Community comprehensive intervention improves the knowledge and skills of caregiving,and the health behaviors among family caregivers of disabled elderly,but the intervention measures does not impact the self-rated health status of family caregivers.

Objective To explore the relationship between care burden and social support among family caregivers of disabled elders in Beijing urban area.Methods A cross-sectional survey based on convenience sampling was conducted among 744 family caregivers in Dongcheng District in Beijing urban area.All subjects were interviewed by the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI),Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and general social and demographical material lists.And then we analyzed the correlation between social support and care burden.Results The mean scores of ZBT and SSRS were (40.3 ± 15.2) and (31.1 ± 6.9)respectively.And a negative correlation existed between the level of caregiver burden and total social support.The care burden of disability elders was negatively associated with objective support,subjective support and social support availability (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There is a close relationship between care burden and social support among family caregivers of disabled elders.The more objective support,subjective support and social support availability the caregivers acquire,the less burden they bear.

Objective To investigated job satisfaction and turnover intention of clinical nurses with different educational background in northeastern Sichuan Province and to study the cor-relation between the two factors.Methods A total of 860 clinical nurses were investigated by a questionnaire,including general data,turnover intention and job satisfaction.Results The opti-mistic degree on work in secondary education was better than those of undergraduate nurses and ju-nior education nurses,and the optimistic degree and severity on work of undergraduate nurses were highest.A significant difference was observed in management,work load,work or family balance, personal growth and development of job satisfaction among the 8 factors (P <0.05).Turnover in-tention score and job satisfaction score were significantly lower than the total theoretical score and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusion The higher the education is, the lower optimistic degree on the job and job satisfaction are,and the higher the turnover intention is.Thus,the hospital can improve the wages and welfare of nurses,and provide the support and platform for their development,and strive to improve their professional knowledge,positive nursing team construction,improve their job satisfaction so as to reduce turnover intention and the nursing resources loss.