ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the content differences of 4 components in Leonuri Herba granules， reveal the quality fluctuation patterns of products from the same and different manufacturers， providing scientific basis for the optimization of production process and quality control. MethodsHigh performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-charged aerosol detector（HPLC-DAD-CAD） was employed to determine the contents of 4 components（syringic acid， leonurine hydrochloride， ferulic acid， and stachydrine hydrochloride） in samples from 19 manufacturers（53 batches， 159 boxes）. Additionally， fingerprint profiles were constructed， and the fingerprint dissimilarity（P_S） and relative standard deviation（RSD） of different samples from the same manufacturer were calculated. A principal component analysis（PCA） model was established with P_S and the RSD values of the 4 components as variables to classify the manufacturers. Finally， samples from 5 manufacturers（M1-M5） covering three consistency groups were selected to calculate three quality consistency parameters， namely intra-batch consistency（P_A）， inter-batch consistency（P_B）， and P_S. Then， PCA was performed with P_A， P_B， and P_S of these 5 manufacturers as variables. ResultsThe average total content of the 4 index components per bag across the 19 manufacturers ranged from 41.10 mg to 97.54 mg. Among them， the content of stachydrine hydrochloride（a pharmacopoeial quality control component） was 32.46-72.70 mg per bag， all meeting the requirements of the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China， with RSD of 1.7%-17.1%. The content ranges of the other 3 components were as follows：syringic acid of 1.43-41.92 mg per bag， leonurine hydrochloride of 0.67-11.85 mg per bag， and ferulic acid of 0.11-3.81 mg per bag. Notably， leonurine hydrochloride exhibited the most significant content fluctuation among samples from the same manufacturer（RSD of 4.8%-59.2%）. PCA results showed that the 19 manufacturers could be classified into 3 categories. Samples from 8 manufacturers（M2， M6， M7， M8， M10， M15， M17， M18） demonstrated relatively high consistency， five manufacturers（M3， M9， M12， M13， M14） showed moderate consistency， six manufacturers（M1， M4， M5， M11， M16， M19） exhibited low consistency. The two methods yielded consistent classification results for the 5 representative manufacturers， verifying the reliability of the proposed method. Among these， manufacturer M2 showed the best quality consistency and the highest total content of indicator components among M1-M5. ConclusionThe HPLC-DAD-CAD multi-detector hyphenation technology established in this study enables the accurate detection of 4 components in Leonuri Herba granules. Significant differences in the total content of these four components are observed among products from 19 manufacturers. The application of 2 consistency evaluation methods combined with PCA can effectively classify their consistency into 3 categories， and the classification results of the 2 methods are highly consistent. This study provides scientific basis for the process optimization and quality standard improvement of Leonuri Herba granules.

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the content differences of 4 components in Leonuri Herba granules， reveal the quality fluctuation patterns of products from the same and different manufacturers， providing scientific basis for the optimization of production process and quality control. MethodsHigh performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-charged aerosol detector（HPLC-DAD-CAD） was employed to determine the contents of 4 components（syringic acid， leonurine hydrochloride， ferulic acid， and stachydrine hydrochloride） in samples from 19 manufacturers（53 batches， 159 boxes）. Additionally， fingerprint profiles were constructed， and the fingerprint dissimilarity（P_S） and relative standard deviation（RSD） of different samples from the same manufacturer were calculated. A principal component analysis（PCA） model was established with P_S and the RSD values of the 4 components as variables to classify the manufacturers. Finally， samples from 5 manufacturers（M1-M5） covering three consistency groups were selected to calculate three quality consistency parameters， namely intra-batch consistency（P_A）， inter-batch consistency（P_B）， and P_S. Then， PCA was performed with P_A， P_B， and P_S of these 5 manufacturers as variables. ResultsThe average total content of the 4 index components per bag across the 19 manufacturers ranged from 41.10 mg to 97.54 mg. Among them， the content of stachydrine hydrochloride（a pharmacopoeial quality control component） was 32.46-72.70 mg per bag， all meeting the requirements of the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China， with RSD of 1.7%-17.1%. The content ranges of the other 3 components were as follows：syringic acid of 1.43-41.92 mg per bag， leonurine hydrochloride of 0.67-11.85 mg per bag， and ferulic acid of 0.11-3.81 mg per bag. Notably， leonurine hydrochloride exhibited the most significant content fluctuation among samples from the same manufacturer（RSD of 4.8%-59.2%）. PCA results showed that the 19 manufacturers could be classified into 3 categories. Samples from 8 manufacturers（M2， M6， M7， M8， M10， M15， M17， M18） demonstrated relatively high consistency， five manufacturers（M3， M9， M12， M13， M14） showed moderate consistency， six manufacturers（M1， M4， M5， M11， M16， M19） exhibited low consistency. The two methods yielded consistent classification results for the 5 representative manufacturers， verifying the reliability of the proposed method. Among these， manufacturer M2 showed the best quality consistency and the highest total content of indicator components among M1-M5. ConclusionThe HPLC-DAD-CAD multi-detector hyphenation technology established in this study enables the accurate detection of 4 components in Leonuri Herba granules. Significant differences in the total content of these four components are observed among products from 19 manufacturers. The application of 2 consistency evaluation methods combined with PCA can effectively classify their consistency into 3 categories， and the classification results of the 2 methods are highly consistent. This study provides scientific basis for the process optimization and quality standard improvement of Leonuri Herba granules.

Objective: To develop the Adolescent Peer Bullying Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) Questionnaire and to evaluate its reliability and validity, so as to provide an effective tool for evaluating the KAP level regarding peer bullying among adolescents. Methods: A preliminary framework was developed through literature review, expert consultation, and group discussions. In September 2024, 2 203 students in grades 7 to 9 from two regular junior high schools in Anhui Province were selected using cluster sampling for a preliminary survey aimed at questionnaire development, including item screening and reliability and validity testing. Results: The initial KAP questionnaire on adolescent peer bullying consisted of 25 items: two items, "Behavior 6" and "Behavior 7", were excluded as their correlation coefficients with the total KAP score being only 0.08 and 0.05, respectively, falling below the preset criteria(0.4). The final questionnaire comprised 23 items, divided into three dimensions: knowledge, attitude, and behavior. Reliability testing showed that the overall Cronbach α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.89, with Cronbach α coefficients for the knowledge, attitude, and behavior dimensions being 0.91, 0.67 and 0.79, respectively. The overall splithalf reliability of the questionnaire was 0.87, with split half reliabilities for the knowledge, attitude, and behavior dimensions being 0.82, 0.64 , and 0.66, respectively. Testretest reliability ranged from 0.82 to 0.97. Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the questionnaire had RMSEA=0.062, NFI=0.924, CFI =0.931, with good discriminant validity. Conclusion The developed KAP questionnaire on adolescent peer bullying demonstrates good reliability and validity and can be used as an assessment tool for evaluating the KAP level regarding peer bullying among adolescents.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a family-school-community integrated intervention based on the microsystem theory in reducing peer bullying among junior high school students, so as to provide empirical evidence and feasible pathways for junior high school students bullying prevention and control in China. Methods: A combining convenience with clustering method was employed to select 6 268 students from three regular junior high schools in Fuyang and Anqing cities, Anhui Province, as the study subjects in October 2024, and randomly assigned by drawing lots to three groups: family-school-community integrated intervention ( n =2 063), school only intervention ( n =1 864), and control group ( n =2 341). From October 10, 2024, to January 10, 2025, the intervention was implemented for three months using posters, brochures, and videos, with one session every half month, each lasting 40 minutes. The family-school-community integrated intervention group received multi level interventions involving families, schools, and communities, while the school only intervention group received only school based interventions. The control group received routine school health education but no other interventions. Before and after the intervention, data on peer bullying among junior high school students were collected using the Peer Bullying Scale, and comparison of detection rate of peer bullying by Chi square test. Results: After the intervention,group comparison results showed that the incidence rates of various types of peer bullying in the family-school-community integrated intervention group, the school only intervention group, and the control group all showed statistically significant differences ( χ 2=28.61-66.85, all P <0.05). The detection rates of verbal bullying ( 7.51 %), relational bullying (5.62%), physical bullying (3.34%), cyberbullying (1.75%), being bullied (10.81%), verbal bullying others (2.67%), relational bullying others (1.55%), physical bullying others (1.36%), cyberbullying others (1.41%), and overall peer bullying (3.64%) in the family-school-community integrated intervention group were all lower than those in the control group (12.52%, 11.58%, 6.24%, 5.00%, 19.14%, 7.56%, 4.49%, 4.53%, 3.80%, 9.40%); additionally, the detection rates of verbal bullying others, overall peer bullying , verbal bullying, and being bullied , in the family-school-community integrated intervention group were all lower than those in the school only intervention group (4.67%, 6.65%, 13.14%, 16.42%), with statistically significant differences ( χ 2=30.04, 48.49, 19.75, 34.60, 58.89, 52.65, 31.32, 37.37, 24.14, 58.26; 11.25, 18.53, 33.93, 26.41, all P <0.016 7). Group comparison showed that in both intervention groups, the majority of peer bullying behaviors decreased after the intervention ( χ 2=4.86-171.01, all P <0.05). Conclusions The family-school-community integrated intervention based on the microsystem can effectively reduce peer bullying among junior high school students, with better efficacy than the single school intervention. The model can serve as a practical reference for establishing a multi level prevention and intervention system for junior high school students bullying in China.

Abstract As a systematic psychological intervention method, bibliotherapy possesses advantages such as low cost, high accessibility, and significant efficacy. The paper systematically reviews the recent research progress of bibliotherapy in the field of adolescent mental health intervention including covering preventive, therapeutic, developmental, personalized, and comprehensive approaches. It discusses the effectiveness and key influencing factors of these interventions. Findings indicate that bibliotherapy can effectively reduce the risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescents, and improve their emotional regulation skills and social adaptability. Different types of interventions demonstrate varied effects across different populations. Personalized and comprehensive intervention models can further enhance the outcomes, to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the development of localized bibliotherapy intervention programs.

BACKGROUND:Magnesium and magnesium-based materials have good biocompatibility,stable osteogenic properties,and biological activities such as vascularization and immune regulation,and show a broad application prospect in stomatology.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the mechanism of magnesium-based materials in the treatment of oral diseases in terms of osteogenesis,angiogenesis,and immunomodulation,and to review the application prospects of magnesium and magnesium-based materials in the field of oral diseases in recent years.METHODS:Chinese search key words were"magnesium,magnesium alloys,magnesium-based metals,fractures,implants,restorations,endodontics,periodontitis,periodontal disease,cysts,oral cancer."English search key works were"magnesium,magnesium-based alloy,fracture,facial bone fractures,denture,dental implant,restorative dentistry,pulpitis,periodontitis,periodontal diseases,oral cancer."The articles were retrieved on CNKI,WanFang,PubMed,and Web of Science databases.By analyzing and reading literature for screening,84 articles were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Magnesium and magnesium-based materials can be used as bone internal fixation devices for jaw fracture or orthognathic surgery.Due to the special biological properties of magnesium,it can not only ensure stable osteogenesis,but also avoid the possibility of secondary surgery,which has the potential to be widely used.In the field of bone regeneration in stomatology,magnesium,relying on its superior biological properties,shows better mechanical properties and antibacterial properties than existing clinical materials,providing more options for the development and application of materials in this field.With the help of the biological activity of magnesium,magnesium-based coating materials give full play to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects,further promote implant bone bonding and soft tissue integration,and have great application prospects in implant surface modification and promoting implant stability.Although magnesium has been involved in maxillofacial intraoral soft tissue regeneration and treatment,dental tissue engineering,there are still a lot of gaps.To ensure the stable biological characteristics of magnesium,it is usually necessary to add other alloys or carry out magnesium surface modification.However,the biological evaluation system of degradable metal implants is not perfect at present.The clinical application of magnesium in oral diseases still needs to be further clarified in the future.

AIM To explore the clinical effects of Supplemented Buyang Huanwu Decoction on postoperative patients with lumbar vertebral fracture complicated with spinal cord injury due to Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Pattern.METHODS One hundred and twenty patients were randomly assigned into control group(60 cases)for 6-week intervention of conventional treatment,and observation group(60 cases)for 6-week intervention of both Supplemented Buyang Huanwu Decoction and conventional treatment.The changes in clinical effects,TCM syndrome scores,spinal cord conduction signals(SEP amplitude,MEP amplitude),serum neurotrophic factors(NGF,IGF-1,BDNF),coagulation and inflammatory indices(PT,APTT,TNF-α,IL-1 β)and incidence of adverse reactions were detected.RESULTS The observation group demonstrated higher total effective rate than the control group(P＜0.05).After the treatment,the two groups displayed decreased TCM syndrome scores,TNF-α,IL-1β(P＜0.05),increased spinal cord conduction signals,coagulation and inflammatory indices(P＜0.05),and shortened PT,APTT(P＜0.05),especially for the observation group(P＜0.05).No significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions was found between the two groups(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION For the patients with lumbar vertebral fracture complicated with spinal cord injury due to Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Pattern,Supplemented Buyang Huanwu Decoction can safely and effectively promote neurological function recovery.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of mitoxantrone liposome (MIT-LIP) combined chemotherapy in treating mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) .Methods:December 2021 to November 2024, MPAL patients who underwent the MAED (MIT-LIP + cytarabine + etoposide + dexamethasone) regimen were retrospectively analyzed. Data on clinical characteristics, adverse reactions, therapeutic outcomes, and long-term prognoses were collected.Results:A total of 7 MPAL patients who received MAED regimen were admitted. Among them, two patients were initially diagnosed with T-ALL or B-ALL, respectively, and transformed into AML after treatment. Three patients were initially diagnosed as MPAL (B/myeloid), one as MPAL (T/myeloid), and one with MPAL (myeloid/plasmacytoid dendritic cell). Among the 7 patients, there were 3 males and 4 females, 1 chromosome abnormalities and 6 gene abnormalities, including 1 case with BCR∷ABL fusion gene. The median age was 38 years (range: 16–58 years). There was no clear related drug allergy and organ toxicity during MAED regimen, and the main adverse effect was hematological toxicity. After induced chemotherapy, all patients achieved complete remission (CR), 2 maintained MRD-negative CR and 1 maintained MRD-positive CR. The other 4 patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, 2 maintained MRD-negative CR, and 2 relapsed. The current median follow-up time was 12 months, the overall survival (OS) rate was 100%, the relapse-free survival (RFS) rate was 60%, and the median OS time and median RFS time were not reached.Conclusion:The MAED regimen demonstrates high safety and a favorable CR rate in MPAL treatment.

Background and aims:Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)is an autoimmune liver disease characterized by complex pathogenesis and limited available therapeutic options.The mechanisms underlying the development and progression of PSCs remain unclear.Liver X receptor beta(LXR-β)is recognized to modulate lipid metabolism and immune response,but its specific involvement in the PSC has not been elucidated.Here,we explored the role and mechanism of LXR-β in PSC induced by 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-collidine(DDC).Methods:CRISPR-Cas9 technology was applied to generate Abcb4(coding MDR2,next named as Mdr2),Nr1h2(coding LXR-β,next named as Lxrβ),and Rag2(coding RAG2)knockout mice.DDC was used to induce PSC.Hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius red staining were used to assess the extent of hepatic injury and fibrosis.Flow cytometry was used to observe immune cell subsets.Results:We observed a declining trend in hepatic Lxrβ in the PSC model.Unexpectedly,Lxrβ knockout failed to modulate DDC-induced PSC pathogenesis.Concomitantly,assessment of the influence of Rag2 deficiency on PSC progression revealed the absence of aggravated or alleviated hepatic injury or fibrosis in the Rag2-/-DDC mice.However,Lxrβ depletion intensified DDC-induced PSC in the Rag2-/-mice,with more abundant infiltrative inflammatory cells and more severe liver fibrosis.Compared with Rag2-/-DDC mice,Lxrβ-/-Rag2-/-DDC mice had higher serum ALT and AST levels and mRNA expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic genes.Flow cytometry showed that LXR-β deficiency resulted in a diminished population of hepatic innate immune cells.Conclusion:This study indicated innate immune cell LXR-β deficiency can exacerbate hepatic injury and fibrosis in murine models of PSC suggesting that LXR-β may regulate the function of innate immunity in the fibrotic advancement of PSC.

Tricellulin, a key tricellular tight junction (TJ) protein, is essential for maintaining the barrier integrity of acinar epithelia against macromolecular passage in salivary glands. This study aims to explore the role and regulatory mechanism of tricellulin in the development of salivary gland hypofunction in Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Employing a multifaceted approach involving patient biopsies, non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice as a SS model, salivary gland acinar cell-specific tricellulin conditional knockout (Tric^CKO) mice, and IFN-γ-stimulated salivary gland epithelial cells, we investigated the role of tricellulin in SS-related hyposalivation. Our data revealed diminished levels of tricellulin in salivary glands of SS patients. Similarly, NOD mice displayed a reduction in tricellulin expression from the onset of the disease, concomitant with hyposecretion and an increase in salivary albumin content. Consistent with these findings, Tric^CKO mice exhibited both hyposecretion and leakage of macromolecular tracers when compared to control animals. Mechanistically, the JAK/STAT1/miR-145 axis was identified as mediating the IFN-γ-induced downregulation of tricellulin. Treatment with AT1001, a TJ sealer, ameliorated epithelial barrier dysfunction, restored tricellulin expression, and consequently alleviated hyposalivation in NOD mice. Importantly, treatment with miR-145 antagomir to specifically recover the expression of tricellulin in NOD mice significantly alleviated hyposalivation and macromolecular leakage. Collectively, we identified that tricellulin deficiency in salivary glands contributed to hyposalivation in SS. Our findings highlight tricellulin as a potential therapeutic target for hyposecretion, particularly in the context of reinforcing epithelial barrier function through preventing leakage of macromolecules in salivary glands.
Sjogren's Syndrome/complications* ; Animals ; Xerostomia/etiology* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; MARVEL Domain Containing 2 Protein/metabolism* ; Humans ; Mice, Knockout ; Disease Models, Animal ; Interferon-gamma ; Salivary Glands/metabolism* ; Tight Junctions/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Female