Malaria and dengue fever are among the most common mosquito-borne diseases worldwide; however, reports of coinfection are rare. We present a case of severe malaria and dengue coinfection in a 16-yearold female patient presenting with fever, thrombocytopenia, pleural effusion, myopericarditis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Dengue infection was confirmed by the presence of immunoglobin M antibodies and nonstructural protein 1, while malaria was confirmed by the presence of Plasmodium vivax in thick and thin blood smears. This is the first report of a dengue/malaria coinfection in Mexico.

GPCBAR1, also known as TGR5 receptor, is one member of the GPCRs family. TGR5, a pattern recognition receptor located on cell membrane, is widely expressed in human beings and animals, playing numerous significant roles in anti-inflammation and immune regulation, energy metabolism, glucose metabolism and anti-cancer. Many signaling pathways are induced by TGR5 upon activated. AKT, NF-kB, ERK, STAT3, cAMP signaling pathways, methods and results of TGR5-mediated signaling pathways and t(ie development of new drugs via TGR5-mediated signaling pathways were reviewed in this paper.

Anterior exposure for cervical chordomas remains challenging because of the anatomical complexities and the restoration of the dimensional balance of the atlanto-axial region. In this report, we describe and analyze the transmandibular transoral approach and multilevel spinal reconstruction for upper cervical chordomas. We report two cases of cervical chordomas (C2 and C2-C4) that were treated by marginal en bloc resection with a transmandibular approach and anterior-posterior multilevel spinal reconstruction/fixation. Both patients showed clinical improvement. Postoperative imaging was negative for any residual tumor and revealed adequate reconstruction and stabilization. Marginal resection requires more extensive exposure to allow the surgeon access to the entire pathology, as an inadequate tumor margin is the main factor that negatively affects the prognosis. Anterior and posterior reconstruction provides a rigid reconstruction that protects the medulla and decreases axial pain by properly stabilizing the cervical spine.
Chordoma* ; Humans ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Pathology ; Prognosis ; Spinal Neoplasms ; Spine

OBJECTIVE: To explore a normalized fertilization technique for the Perilla frutescens (L) Britt in Chongqing. METHODS: The quantities of N, P and K were studied to get the best ratio of fertilization by quadratic regression orthogonal rotational combing design with three factors. RESULTS: The ranking of the effects of N, P, and K on the yield of Perilla was K > P > N. High quantity of K could improve the effect of N on the yield of Perilla, while in the condition of low quantity of K, high quantity of N tended to restrain the yield of Perilla. The best fertilization ratio was CO(NH2)2 13.74-18.58 kg · (667 m2)-1, P2O5 6.40-7.96 kg · (667 m2)-1, and K2O 2.81-3.80 kg · (667 m2)-1. CONCLUSION: Rational ratio of fertilizers would increase the production of Perilla. This study provides the theoretical basis for standard cultivation of Perilla.

OBJECTIVE: Depressive disorder is one of the most frequent and serious neuropsychiatric disorders in the elderly. This study is aimed to investigate the prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms among the elderly in rural areas of Jeju island. METHODS: The Short form of Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS) and structured questionnaire about factors related with depression were administered to 590 rural-dwelling elderly in Jeju island. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms over score 10 in SGDS is 16.6% (Male 14.2%, Female 17.8%). But there was no sex difference. And statistically significant factors related with depression by multiple logistic regression analysis were economic status, chronic physical illness, and self-perceived health status. Factor of physical limitations would be a possible associated one. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms of Jeju island was nearly same as that of other areas. And several risk factors for depression were identified but further evaluation will be needed because of those complex and controversial findings.
Aged* ; Depression* ; Depressive Disorder ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Prevalence* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Sex Characteristics

AIM: To observe effects of IBMX on cGMP and GFAP production in gerbil hippocampus after recirculation following ischemia. METHODS: Bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries and immunofluorescent stain methods in gerbil hippocampal tissue slice were used. RESULTS: Recirculation following ischemia leads to a rise in hippocampus cGMP and GFAP concentration, cGMP and GFAP positive cells mainly distributed in rediatum layer and molecular layer in the CA1 sub-field, Most of cGMP positive cells are astrocytes under double immunofluorescent stain. Most of cGMP strong positive cells are also those of GFAP strong positive cells. IBMX increased cGMP and GFAP production. CONCLUSION: cGMP is possible to play an important role in the activation or regulation of GFAP in the hippocampus.

AIM: To observe the combined effects of nano red elemental selenium (Nse) and glucurolactone (Glu) on forming liver fibrosis in rats, and to search for a low dose of Nse with therapeutic effect. METHODS: According to the weighted modification method, six compound-dose groups and 2 control groups were set. The rats were given (sc) CCl4 for 10 wk, and the administration began at 4 wk. The indices related to acute liver damage were determined 3 wk after the administration, and to chronic liver damage 6 wk after the administration. RESULTS: At the stage of acute liver damage and within the therapeutic duration of 3 wk, Nse should be used at a larger dose in combination with Glu. Theoretical analysis showed that Nse 200 μg·kg-1 alone was available by the weighted modification method. However, in the combination of Nse and Glu for the chronic liver injury, Nse should be given at a low dose. There was a synergism between Nse and Glu, and some compound-dose groups showed the preventive and therapeutic effect, especially in a dose of Nse 100 μg·kg-1 + Glu 60 mg·kg-1. But theoretical analysis exhibited that Nse 100 μg · kg-1 + Glu 60 mg·kg-1 (ig) might be an optimal combination. CONCLUSION: The combination of Nse and Glu has significant effect in prevention and treatment of the live fibrosis in rats, and it can decrease dose of Nse used.

AIM: To observe the effects of L-NNA on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) production in the gerbil hippocampus after recirculation following ischemia. METHODS: Both vessels occlusion and immunofluorescent methods in gerbil hippocampal tissue slices incubated in vitro were used. RESULTS: Recirculation following ischemia led to a rise on GFAP concentration in the hippocampus. GFAP positive cells mainly distributed in rediatum layer and molecullar layer in the hippocampus, L-NNA decreased GFAP synthesis. CONCLUSION: L-NNA is a strong inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). It is possible that the role of endogenous NO mediated GFAP synthesis is inhibited by L-NNA.

In stenosis of a segmental branch or among multiple renal arteries, Doppler sampling of intrarenal arteries in the upper, mid and lower poles demonstrates strikingly different waveform patterns that might otherwise be overlooked. We report a case of segmental branch renal artery stenosis in which a pulsus parvus et tardus waveform was observed in a segmental branch of a renal artery. In this case, systematic analysis of Doppler waveforms of intrarenal arteries at more than three different locations facilitated a rapid and confident diagnosis of seg-mental branch renal artery stenosis.
Adult ; Case Report ; Female ; Human ; Renal Artery/ultrasonography ; Renal Artery Obstruction/*ultrasonography ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; *Ultrasonography, Doppler

Extracranial carotid artery dissection may manifest as arterial stenosis or occlusion, or as dissecting aneurysm formation. Anticoagulation and/or antiplatelet therapy is the first-line treatment, but because it is effective and less invasive than other procedures, endovascular treatment of carotid artery dissection has recently attracted interest. We encountered two consecutive cases of traumarelated extracranial internal carotid artery dissection, one in the suprabulbar portion and one in the subpetrosal portion. We managed the patient with suprabulbar dissection using a self-expandable metallic stent and managed the patient with subpet-rosal dissection using a balloon-expandable metallic stent. In both patients the dissecting aneurysm disappeared, and at follow-up improved luminal patency was observed.
Adult ; Carotid Artery Injuries/complications ; Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection/etiology/radiography/*therapy ; Case Report ; Cerebral Angiography ; Human ; Male ; *Stents