ObjectiveTo investigate whether Huanglian Jiedutang （HLJD） and its major active constituents （geniposide， baicalin， and berberine） can inhibit the inflammatory response of BV2 cells under lipopolysaccharide （LPS） stimulation via the high-mobility group protein B1 （HMGB1）/Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway， and to explore differences in therapeutic efficacy among the three monomers， their combined formula， and HLJD under equal content ratios. MethodsBV2 microglial cells were used as the primary experimental model. Cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method to examine the effects of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO， 0.8%， 0.4%， 0.2%， 0.1%， and 0.05%） on cell viability. IncuCyte was employed to monitor the growth of cells under different concentrations of HLJD （200， 100， 50， 25， 12.5， 6.25 mg·L^-1）. Nitric oxide （NO） assay was used to screen the optimal HLJD concentration. High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） determined the content of geniposide， baicalin， and berberine in HLJD， and experimental groups were subsequently established according to the relative proportions of these constituents. CCK-8 assay evaluated cell viability under different treatments. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） measured levels of inflammatory factors （TNF-α， IL-1β， IL-6， IL-10） in the supernatant. Flow cytometry assessed the effects of treatments on M1-type polarization of BV2 cells. Western blot determined the expression levels of HMGB1， TLR4， and NF-κB-related proteins. ResultsCompared with the blank group， DMSO at concentrations ≤0.2% did not affect cell viability within 48 h. BV2 cell growth plateaued at 24 h after treatment with 200 mg·L^-1 HLJD. Under stimulation with 2 mg·L^-1 LPS， this concentration of HLJD effectively reduced NO release， and 6 h pre-treatment had a stronger inhibitory effect on NO than direct administration. HPLC results showed that 1 mg of HLJD freeze-dried powder contained approximately 24 μg of geniposide， 15 μg of baicalin， and 30 μg of berberine. Based on these ratios， experimental groups were blank， LPS （2 mg·L^-1）， HLJD （200 mg·L^-1）， monomer combination， geniposide （4.8 mg·L^-1）， baicalin （3 mg·L^-1）， and berberine （6 mg·L^-1）. The monomer combination group consisted of all three active constituents dissolved together. LPS and HLJD or its active constituents did not affect cell viability compared with the blank group. LPS significantly increased TNF-α， IL-1β， IL-6， and IL-10 in the supernatant （P<0.01）. HLJD and its active constituents significantly reduced pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 （P<0.05， P<0.01） while upregulating anti-inflammatory IL-10 （P<0.01）， with the monomer combination showing the strongest effect （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， LPS significantly increased the proportion of CD80⁺CD86⁺ （M1-type） BV2 cells （P<0.01）. HLJD and its constituents partially inhibited M1 polarization （P<0.05， P<0.01）， with the monomer combination exhibiting the most pronounced effect （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， LPS upregulated HMGB1， TLR4， and NF-κB-related proteins （P<0.01）， whereas HLJD and its active constituents significantly reduced their expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）， with the monomer combination having the strongest regulatory effect （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionHLJD and its major active constituents （geniposide， baicalin， berberine） can inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory responses in BV2 cells. The combination of the three active constituents demonstrates the most potent anti-inflammatory effect， significantly attenuating M1-type polarization of BV2 cells via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

This paper comprehensively explores the application value and current development status of rotating gantries in radiotherapy. First, it explains the concept of rotating gantries and their significant advantages in clinical treatment, including enhancing patient comfort, optimizing irradiation angles, and improving treatment stability. Next, an in-depth analysis of the global development of particle therapy rotating gantries is provided, covering the distribution and construction costs of proton and carbon ion therapy centers, as well as the practical applications and challenges of rotating gantries in different particle therapies. Additionally, the working principles of rotating gantries are described in detail, particularly the effects of rotational speed and magnetic rigidity on equipment size and performance. Furthermore, the factors that need to be comprehensively considered in the design of rotating gantries are systematically reviewed. Finally, through a comparative analysis of multiple clinical studies, it fully confirms the remarkable clinical advantages of rotating gantry systems over traditional fixed-beam systems in various cancer treatment scenarios. It also provides a reasonable outlook on their future development, pointing out that as technology advances and costs decrease, rotating gantries are expected to be widely adopted in medical institutions, bringing positive changes in cancer treatment.

This paper comprehensively explores the application value and current development status of rotating gantries in radiotherapy. First, it explains the concept of rotating gantries and their significant advantages in clinical treatment, including enhancing patient comfort, optimizing irradiation angles, and improving treatment stability. Next, an in-depth analysis of the global development of particle therapy rotating gantries is provided, covering the distribution and construction costs of proton and carbon ion therapy centers, as well as the practical applications and challenges of rotating gantries in different particle therapies. Additionally, the working principles of rotating gantries are described in detail, particularly the effects of rotational speed and magnetic rigidity on equipment size and performance. Furthermore, the factors that need to be comprehensively considered in the design of rotating gantries are systematically reviewed. Finally, through a comparative analysis of multiple clinical studies, it fully confirms the remarkable clinical advantages of rotating gantry systems over traditional fixed-beam systems in various cancer treatment scenarios. It also provides a reasonable outlook on their future development, pointing out that as technology advances and costs decrease, rotating gantries are expected to be widely adopted in medical institutions, bringing positive changes in cancer treatment.

This paper comprehensively explores the application value and current development status of rotating gantries in radiotherapy. First, it explains the concept of rotating gantries and their significant advantages in clinical treatment, including enhancing patient comfort, optimizing irradiation angles, and improving treatment stability. Next, an in-depth analysis of the global development of particle therapy rotating gantries is provided, covering the distribution and construction costs of proton and carbon ion therapy centers, as well as the practical applications and challenges of rotating gantries in different particle therapies. Additionally, the working principles of rotating gantries are described in detail, particularly the effects of rotational speed and magnetic rigidity on equipment size and performance. Furthermore, the factors that need to be comprehensively considered in the design of rotating gantries are systematically reviewed. Finally, through a comparative analysis of multiple clinical studies, it fully confirms the remarkable clinical advantages of rotating gantry systems over traditional fixed-beam systems in various cancer treatment scenarios. It also provides a reasonable outlook on their future development, pointing out that as technology advances and costs decrease, rotating gantries are expected to be widely adopted in medical institutions, bringing positive changes in cancer treatment.

Objective To evaluate the quality of ketoconazole lotion produced by different domestic companies.Methods Legal standards and exploratory research were used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of 45 batches(40 batch numbers)of ketoconazole lotion for national drug sampling inspection in 2024,including related substances,antioxidant content,packaging oxygen permeability,in vitro permeation test,and viscosity,antibacterial efficacy,irritation,microstructure,etc.Results The legal standard inspection pass rate was 100.0%.Correlation analysis found that the main factors affecting the quality of this product are prescription technology and packaging.Conclusion It is recommended that manufacturers optimize the prescription process as soon as possible,and pay attention to choose suitable packaging materials,effectively improve the quality of ketoconazole lotion.

Objective To evaluate the quality of ketoconazole lotion produced by different domestic companies.Methods Legal standards and exploratory research were used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of 45 batches(40 batch numbers)of ketoconazole lotion for national drug sampling inspection in 2024,including related substances,antioxidant content,packaging oxygen permeability,in vitro permeation test,and viscosity,antibacterial efficacy,irritation,microstructure,etc.Results The legal standard inspection pass rate was 100.0%.Correlation analysis found that the main factors affecting the quality of this product are prescription technology and packaging.Conclusion It is recommended that manufacturers optimize the prescription process as soon as possible,and pay attention to choose suitable packaging materials,effectively improve the quality of ketoconazole lotion.

Objective:To analyze the scientific research projects of health management disciplines in medical institutions in Beijing.Methods:This study was an observational study, and data was retrieved through computer between 2014 and 2023 from the scientific research data filling system of health management disciplines in medical institutions in Beijing region, which recorded the project name, project category, scientific research funding, institution, discipline, field, etc.. Excel 2016 was used to analyze the scientific research projects of health management disciplines in medical institutions in the Beijing region.Results:From 2014 to 2023, a total of 1 848 scientific research projects of health management disciplines in medical institutions in the Beijing region were initiated, with research funding of 1 204.775 million yuan. In terms of institutional categorization, they were mainly concentrated on central and municipal medical institutions, and in terms of research fields, there were 1 577 projects in Western medicine, with research funding of 1 133.240 million yuan, and 271 projects in Chinese medicine/combination of Chinese and Western medicine, with research funding of 71.535 million yuan. Cardiovascular diseases ranked first in the sub-discipline of Western medicine, and Chinese internal medicine ranked first in the sub-discipline of Chinese medicine.Conclusions:The scientific research projects of health management disciplines in medical institutions in Beijing are characterized by an imbalance in the distribution of institutions and the classification of funded sub-disciplines. The research innovation of health management in medical institutions needs to strengthen multidisciplinary cooperation and talent cultivation.

Cancer is characterized by abnormal cell proliferation. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have been recognized as essential regulators of the intricate cell cycle, orchestrating DNA replication and transcription, RNA splicing, and protein synthesis. Dysregulation of the CDK pathway is prevalent in the development and progression of human cancers, rendering cyclins and CDKs attractive therapeutic targets. Several CDK4/6 inhibitors have demonstrated promising anti-cancer efficacy and have been successfully translated into clinical use, fueling the development of CDK-targeted therapies. With this enthusiasm for finding novel CDK-targeting anti-cancer agents, there have also been exciting advances in the field of targeted protein degradation through innovative strategies, such as using proteolysis-targeting chimera, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)‍-mediated targeting chimera, hydrophobic tag-based protein degradation, and molecular glue. With a focus on the translational potential of cyclin- and CDK-targeting strategies in cancer, this review presents the fundamental roles of cyclins and CDKs in cancer. Furthermore, it summarizes current strategies for the proteasome-dependent targeted degradation of cyclins and CDKs, detailing the underlying mechanisms of action for each approach. A comprehensive overview of the structure and activity of existing CDK degraders is also provided. By examining the structure‍‒‍activity relationships, target profiles, and biological effects of reported cyclin/CDK degraders, this review provides a valuable reference for both CDK pathway-targeted biomedical research and cancer therapeutics.
Humans ; Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Cyclins/metabolism* ; Proteolysis ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology* ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism* ; Animals

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of filiform-needle acupuncture(FA)in the treatment of poststroke urinary incontinence(PSUI).Methods:All published papers in PubMed,Excerpta Medica Database(EMBASE),Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Chongqing VIP Database(VIP),Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform(Wanfang),and China Biology Medicine Disc(CBM)were retrieved by computer.The retrieval time was from each database's inception to December 9,2023.Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed using the Revman V5.4 software,and GARDE evaluation was performed using GRADEpro GDT.Dichotomous variables were analyzed by the relative risk(RR),and weighted mean difference(WMD)was used for continuous variables.Each effect size was expressed as a 95%confidence interval(CI).Results:A total of 14 studies were included,comprising a total of 1 259 patients.The findings of the meta-analysis showed that the improvements of the maximum bladder capacity[WMD=64.63,95%CI(41.73,87.53),P<0.00001],72 h urination frequency[WMD=-5.27,95%CI(-6.40,-4.13),P<0.00001],and 72 h urinary incontinence frequency[WMD=-1.62,95%CI(-2.60,-0.64),P=0.001]in PSUI patients by FA were superior compared to conventional therapy.FA plus rehabilitation therapy(RT)was superior to RT alone in improving the maximum bladder capacity[WMD=35.17,95%CI(28.31,42.03),P<0.00001],the International Consultation on Incontinence questionnaire short form(ICI-Q-SF)score[WMD=-2.66,95%CI(-3.28,-2.05),P<0.00001],and incontinence quality of life questionnaire(I-QOL)score[WMD=8.07,95%CI(3.28,12.32),P=0.0002].The incidence of adverse reactions in FA was higher than that in RT[RR=21.62,95%CI(4.04,115.71),P=0.0003],but the severity was mild and did not affect the integrity of the treatment.Conclusion:FA has better safety,and its improving effect on bladder urinary storage function and urinary incontinence symptoms in patients with PSUI is clear.Combined with RT,it can better improve the quality of life in the patients.However,more high-quality studies are still needed for further updates and verification.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of filiform-needle acupuncture(FA)in the treatment of poststroke urinary incontinence(PSUI).Methods:All published papers in PubMed,Excerpta Medica Database(EMBASE),Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Chongqing VIP Database(VIP),Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform(Wanfang),and China Biology Medicine Disc(CBM)were retrieved by computer.The retrieval time was from each database's inception to December 9,2023.Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed using the Revman V5.4 software,and GARDE evaluation was performed using GRADEpro GDT.Dichotomous variables were analyzed by the relative risk(RR),and weighted mean difference(WMD)was used for continuous variables.Each effect size was expressed as a 95%confidence interval(CI).Results:A total of 14 studies were included,comprising a total of 1 259 patients.The findings of the meta-analysis showed that the improvements of the maximum bladder capacity[WMD=64.63,95%CI(41.73,87.53),P<0.00001],72 h urination frequency[WMD=-5.27,95%CI(-6.40,-4.13),P<0.00001],and 72 h urinary incontinence frequency[WMD=-1.62,95%CI(-2.60,-0.64),P=0.001]in PSUI patients by FA were superior compared to conventional therapy.FA plus rehabilitation therapy(RT)was superior to RT alone in improving the maximum bladder capacity[WMD=35.17,95%CI(28.31,42.03),P<0.00001],the International Consultation on Incontinence questionnaire short form(ICI-Q-SF)score[WMD=-2.66,95%CI(-3.28,-2.05),P<0.00001],and incontinence quality of life questionnaire(I-QOL)score[WMD=8.07,95%CI(3.28,12.32),P=0.0002].The incidence of adverse reactions in FA was higher than that in RT[RR=21.62,95%CI(4.04,115.71),P=0.0003],but the severity was mild and did not affect the integrity of the treatment.Conclusion:FA has better safety,and its improving effect on bladder urinary storage function and urinary incontinence symptoms in patients with PSUI is clear.Combined with RT,it can better improve the quality of life in the patients.However,more high-quality studies are still needed for further updates and verification.