Aerosol removal using flame-retardant atomized fixatives, as a major means of aerosol control, has achieved remarkable results in the field of nuclear facility decommissioning and decontamination. Traditional atomized fixatives for aerosol removal have deficiencies in high-temperature resistance and flame retardancy, rendering them inadequate for operational scenarios involving high temperatures and flammability encountered during nuclear decommissioning. This paper investigates the current development of flame-retardant atomized fixatives for aerosol removal both domestically and internationally and presents a preliminary exploration of this technology. The experiments showed that atomized fixatives modified with flame-retardant properties not only maintained excellent aerosol capture efficiency, but also exhibited significantly improved flame-retardant performance. This confirmed the technical feasibility of the proposed approach. Finally, suggestions and reflections are proposed for the development of this technology and its application in nuclear facility decommissioning.

Objective To summarize the clinical efficacy of modified Morrow surgery in the treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy treated with modified Morrow surgery at Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from 2020 to 2023. Results A total of 318 patients were enrolled, including 156 males and 162 females, with an average age of (55.6±13.1) years. Preoperative echocardiography showed a mean interventricular septal thickness of (18.1±3.8) mm, peak left ventricular outflow tract pressure difference of (86.4±24.9) mm Hg. The surgery time was (162.3±51.0) min, extracorporeal circulation time was (80.9±31.0) min, and aortic occlusion time was (44.8±20.8) min. After the surgery, transesophageal echocardiography showed that the interventricular septal thickness was (11.0±1.8) mm and left ventricular outflow tract peak pressure difference was (9.4±5.1) mm Hg. The incidence rate of postoperative complete left bundle branch block was 45.3%, Ⅲ° atrioventricular block was 3.8%, and postoperative newly developed atrial fibrillation was 3.1%. The postoperative hospital stay was (6.6±4.9) days, and one perioperative death occurred, with a mortality rate of 0.3%. The follow-up time was (10.3±9.4) months, during which the transthoracic echocardiography revealed a ventricular septal thickness of (12.9±2.9) mm and a peak left ventricular outflow tract pressure difference of (13.9±10.0) mm Hg. Conclusion The modified Morrow procedure for the treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy is safe and effective, with good results in the short and medium term.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and effect on the reconstruction of whole hand degloving injury by transfer of nerved tissue flaps in staged surgery.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of 5 patients who suffered whole hand degloving injury and underwent staged reconstructive surgery with nerved tissue flaps, from December 2018 to December 2022 in the Department of Hand Surgery, Longgang Orthopaedics Hospital of Shenzhen. The patients were 4 males and 1 female, aged 22-45 years. Two of the whole-hand degloved injuries were left hands and 3 of right. Two patients had the whole-hand degloving injury combined with a fracture of distal phalangeal tuberosity, and 1 was complicated with partial rupture of the extensor tendon insertion. Areas of the whole hand degloving injury ranged from 215 cm 2 to 480 cm 2, the size of the hallux nail flaps for reconstruction of thumbs ranged from 54 cm 2 to 104 cm 2, the size of the hallux nail flaps for reconstruction of index fingers ranged from 65 cm 2 to 133 cm 2, and the size of the flaps for reconstruction of all the defects of hands ranged from 119 cm 2 to 255 cm 2. In primary surgery, the thumbs, index fingers and the first webs were reconstructed with bilateral hallux nail flaps to shape the appearance and gain the sensation function. Meanwhile, a single and large defect was created from the defects of hand by bundling up the middle, ring and little fingers together with the all the defects in both palmar and dorsal hand. Then an anterolateral thigh flap (ALTF) was used to have the created single defect wrapped together. Donor sites of the bilateral hallux nail flap were reconstructed with a lobulated ALTF from the other side or with bilateral peroneal artery perforator flaps. Donor sites of the ALTF and peroneal artery perforator flap were pulled and sutured. After the hallux nail flaps and ALTFs of the affected hands had survived and stabilised, multiple staged surgery were then carried out to firstly reconstruct the ring and little fingers, and followed by the middle and ring fingers in turns from the artificial syndactyly created in the primary surgery. In the final stage of surgery, skin of the radial side of middle and ring finger-pulps and the ulnar little finger-pulp were replaced by lateral toe flaps to reconstruct the sensations of the main sensory zones of middle, ring and little finger-pulps. Thereafter, the shape, TPD and finger extension and flexions were observed and evaluated through the postoperative follow-up, at the outpatient clinic according to the Evaluation Standard of Thumb and Finger Reconstruction Function of the Hand Surgery Society of the Chinese Medical Association. The appearance and function of the donor sites in both feet were evaluated with the Maryland foot score. Results:All flaps survived after surgery. Postoperative follow-up lasted up to 14 to 48 months after the last surgery. The appearance of fingers was satisfactory with good function. TPD of thumbs and index finger-pulps had achieved up to 6-8 mm, and 3-8 mm in the main sensory zones of middle, ring and little finger-pulps. TPD in the non-major sensory zones of middle, ring and little finger-pulps was found at 10-14 mm, which scored 13 to 14 and rated as excellent according to the Evaluation Standard of Thumb and Finger Reconstruction Function of the Hand Surgery Society of the Chinese Medical Association. Only a linear scar left in the donor site of thigh. As the appearance of the flaps on the feet was not bloated and there was no obvious abnormality in walking and running, therefore the function of feet scored up to 96 to 97 and rated excellent according to the Maryland foot score.Conclusion:A multi-staged reconstruction of a whole hand degloving injury with nerved tissue flaps not only achieves satisfactory digital and hand appearance, but also with good function. There is no obvious effect on the appearance and function of the donor sites. This surgical strategy is novel in the reconstruction of a whole hand degloving injury.

Objective To develop a postoperative precision nursing program for children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS),so as to provide references for the improvement of nursing quality for children with OSAHS.Methods Literature in precision nursing for children with OSAHS was systematically reviewed and summarised based on precision nursing theory and a postoperative precision nursing program was drafted.Using the Delphi's Method,two rounds of expert consultation were conducted and the postoperative precision nursing program for children with OSAHS was revised and finalised.Results The response rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 100.00%with the expert authority coefficient of 0.875.The Kendall coefficient of concordance(W)of levels 1,2 and 3 indices in the second round of expert consultation were 0.289,0.203,0.187,respectively(all P<0.01).The importance score of each inclicator ranged from 4.50～4.94.The coefficient of variations for the three-level indices ranged from 0.05 to 0.21.The finalised program composed 8 level-1 indices(postoperative position assessment,intervention,prevention and care of bleeding,maintaining postoperative airway patency,postoperative nausea and vomiting care,postoperative pain assessment and care,dietary care,complication prevention and care,discharge guidance),16 level-2 indices,and 22 level-3 indices.Conclusion The postoperative precision nursing program for the children with OSAHS is scientific,innovative and applicable.It provides clinical references for nursing of the children with OSAHS.

Objective To develop a postoperative precision nursing program for children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS),so as to provide references for the improvement of nursing quality for children with OSAHS.Methods Literature in precision nursing for children with OSAHS was systematically reviewed and summarised based on precision nursing theory and a postoperative precision nursing program was drafted.Using the Delphi's Method,two rounds of expert consultation were conducted and the postoperative precision nursing program for children with OSAHS was revised and finalised.Results The response rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 100.00%with the expert authority coefficient of 0.875.The Kendall coefficient of concordance(W)of levels 1,2 and 3 indices in the second round of expert consultation were 0.289,0.203,0.187,respectively(all P<0.01).The importance score of each inclicator ranged from 4.50～4.94.The coefficient of variations for the three-level indices ranged from 0.05 to 0.21.The finalised program composed 8 level-1 indices(postoperative position assessment,intervention,prevention and care of bleeding,maintaining postoperative airway patency,postoperative nausea and vomiting care,postoperative pain assessment and care,dietary care,complication prevention and care,discharge guidance),16 level-2 indices,and 22 level-3 indices.Conclusion The postoperative precision nursing program for the children with OSAHS is scientific,innovative and applicable.It provides clinical references for nursing of the children with OSAHS.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and effect on the reconstruction of whole hand degloving injury by transfer of nerved tissue flaps in staged surgery.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of 5 patients who suffered whole hand degloving injury and underwent staged reconstructive surgery with nerved tissue flaps, from December 2018 to December 2022 in the Department of Hand Surgery, Longgang Orthopaedics Hospital of Shenzhen. The patients were 4 males and 1 female, aged 22-45 years. Two of the whole-hand degloved injuries were left hands and 3 of right. Two patients had the whole-hand degloving injury combined with a fracture of distal phalangeal tuberosity, and 1 was complicated with partial rupture of the extensor tendon insertion. Areas of the whole hand degloving injury ranged from 215 cm 2 to 480 cm 2, the size of the hallux nail flaps for reconstruction of thumbs ranged from 54 cm 2 to 104 cm 2, the size of the hallux nail flaps for reconstruction of index fingers ranged from 65 cm 2 to 133 cm 2, and the size of the flaps for reconstruction of all the defects of hands ranged from 119 cm 2 to 255 cm 2. In primary surgery, the thumbs, index fingers and the first webs were reconstructed with bilateral hallux nail flaps to shape the appearance and gain the sensation function. Meanwhile, a single and large defect was created from the defects of hand by bundling up the middle, ring and little fingers together with the all the defects in both palmar and dorsal hand. Then an anterolateral thigh flap (ALTF) was used to have the created single defect wrapped together. Donor sites of the bilateral hallux nail flap were reconstructed with a lobulated ALTF from the other side or with bilateral peroneal artery perforator flaps. Donor sites of the ALTF and peroneal artery perforator flap were pulled and sutured. After the hallux nail flaps and ALTFs of the affected hands had survived and stabilised, multiple staged surgery were then carried out to firstly reconstruct the ring and little fingers, and followed by the middle and ring fingers in turns from the artificial syndactyly created in the primary surgery. In the final stage of surgery, skin of the radial side of middle and ring finger-pulps and the ulnar little finger-pulp were replaced by lateral toe flaps to reconstruct the sensations of the main sensory zones of middle, ring and little finger-pulps. Thereafter, the shape, TPD and finger extension and flexions were observed and evaluated through the postoperative follow-up, at the outpatient clinic according to the Evaluation Standard of Thumb and Finger Reconstruction Function of the Hand Surgery Society of the Chinese Medical Association. The appearance and function of the donor sites in both feet were evaluated with the Maryland foot score. Results:All flaps survived after surgery. Postoperative follow-up lasted up to 14 to 48 months after the last surgery. The appearance of fingers was satisfactory with good function. TPD of thumbs and index finger-pulps had achieved up to 6-8 mm, and 3-8 mm in the main sensory zones of middle, ring and little finger-pulps. TPD in the non-major sensory zones of middle, ring and little finger-pulps was found at 10-14 mm, which scored 13 to 14 and rated as excellent according to the Evaluation Standard of Thumb and Finger Reconstruction Function of the Hand Surgery Society of the Chinese Medical Association. Only a linear scar left in the donor site of thigh. As the appearance of the flaps on the feet was not bloated and there was no obvious abnormality in walking and running, therefore the function of feet scored up to 96 to 97 and rated excellent according to the Maryland foot score.Conclusion:A multi-staged reconstruction of a whole hand degloving injury with nerved tissue flaps not only achieves satisfactory digital and hand appearance, but also with good function. There is no obvious effect on the appearance and function of the donor sites. This surgical strategy is novel in the reconstruction of a whole hand degloving injury.

In December 2018, a 21-year old male with a whole-hand degloving injury was treated in the Department of Hand Surgery, Longgang District Orthopaedic Hospital. Two hallux nail flaps were used to reconstruct the right thumb, index finger and the first web. The wounds on middle, ring and little fingers were reconstructed with syndactyly by a left anterolateral thigh flap (ALTF). A right ALTF was used to reconstruct the donor sites in both feet. After 2 surgeries for finger splitting, the pulps of right middle, ring and little fingers were reconstructed with the pulps of the right middle, ring and little fingers together with the lateral flaps of the second toes of both feet and left third toe. After 4 years of follow-up, nails of the thumb and index finger were realistic and the shape of the fingers was satisfactory. There was no wear or ulceration in the finger pulps. The holding function was good with the TPD at 4-6 mm. There was no blisters or ulcers in both feet. The flap was soft. Only linear scars remained on both thighs.

Patent foramen ovale(PFO)is a common congenital heart disease,also an important cause of various clinical diseases.The morphological and alterations of atrial structure and function associated with PFO often impact prognosis of PFO.Echocardiography can be used for diagnosing PFO,while a series of new ultrasound technology can provide more sensitive indicators compared to conventional parameters,which enable early detection of changes of cardiac function caused by PFO.The progresses of echocardiography and corresponding new technologies for evaluating morphological features of PFO and related left atrial function caused by PFO were reviewed in this article.

Domestic Pharmacognosy textbooks are characterized by numerous editions,complex content structure,and a rapid pace of updates.Thus,systematical summerization of textbooks has been an urgent need.In this paper,a total of 90 editions of Pharmacognosy textbooks were integrated and divided into three types based on their content structure via National Library and other information sources:comprehensive,basic,and application.Through the analysis of publication trend,the use of taxonomy,and other informations,we believe that the publication and content structure of Pharmacognosy textbooks show a certain correlation with the development of the discipline over the same period of time.Furthermore,the historical changes and the current frontier topics of Pharmacognosy textbooks over the past 90 years were compared and analyzed.We put forward the following suggestions for the future development:Pharmacognosy and Identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine would borrow from each other but need to be distinguished strictly;The contents of textbooks may be combined with frontier technologies and include the expanding scope;The adjustment of structure and the summarization of textbooks should be enhanced.Therefore,the systematic analysis of Pharmacognosy textbooks will provide an important reference for the future compilation,improving the level and overall quality of textbooks.Additionally,this review will also promote professional education and the training of professionals in Pharmacy,benefiting the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.

Patent foramen ovale(PFO)is a common congenital heart disease,also an important cause of various clinical diseases.The morphological and alterations of atrial structure and function associated with PFO often impact prognosis of PFO.Echocardiography can be used for diagnosing PFO,while a series of new ultrasound technology can provide more sensitive indicators compared to conventional parameters,which enable early detection of changes of cardiac function caused by PFO.The progresses of echocardiography and corresponding new technologies for evaluating morphological features of PFO and related left atrial function caused by PFO were reviewed in this article.