Objective To explore the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and its association with dietary and lifestyle habits among the adult physical examination population in Xuzhou area. Methods Retrospectively selected the physical examination population who underwent HP testing at our hospital's physical examination center from May 2021 to December 2023 as the research object. The prevalence of Hp infection in the population was analyzed based on the physical examination results. A questionnaire survey was used to collect information on the eating and living habits of all study subjects. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between eating and living habits and Hp infection. Results A total of 1 354 physical examination people were included in the study, and the Hp infection rate was 37.30% (505/1354). The difference in Hp infection rates among people of different age groups is statistically significant (P<0.05), with the middle-aged population (41-59 years old) having the highest Hp positive infection rate (45.38%).High salt (41.11%), hot diet (40.56%), history of smoking (45.23%) and drinking (43.80%), less consumption of fruits and vegetables (43.73%), irregular exercise (41.29%), irregular diet People who frequently eat out (43.56%) and eat out frequently (42.57%) have a higher Hp infection rate (P<0.05).After adjusting for demographic factors such as gender, age, place of residence and education level, multivariate Logistic regression results showed that high-salt diet (OR=3.975, 95%CI: 2.670-5.917) and hot diet (OR=3.357, 95%CI: 2.291-4.919), smoking (OR=1.458, 95%CI: 1.082-1.964), drinking alcohol (OR=1.654, 95%CI: 1.279-2.138), eating fruits and vegetables (OR=1.759, 95%CI: 1.345-2.301), regular exercise (OR=1.822, 95%CI: 1.371-2.421), regular diet (OR=1.893, 95%CI: 1.391-2.575), eating out (OR=1.690, 95%CI: 1.277-2.237) were associated with the risk of Hp infection (P<0.05). Conclusion The positive infection rate of Hp among the physical examination population in Xuzhou is slightly lower than the average epidemic level in China. Cultivating healthy eating and living habits can effectively reduce the risk of Hp infection.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of kinesin family member 15 （KIF15） on the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） cells and its mechanism of action. MethodsTCGA and GEPIA datasets were analyzed to determine the expression of KIF15 in HCC and its effect on tumor stage and survival. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to measure the expression level of KIF15 in human-derived HCC cell lines （HepG2， Hep3B， MHCC-97H， and LM3） and human normal liver cell line L02 cultured in vitro， and Hep3B and HepG2 were selected for subsequent studies. CCK-8 assay， plate colony formation assay， and EdU staining were performed for Hep3B cells transfected with shRNA-NC or shRNA-KIF15 and HepG2 cells transfected with LV-vector or LV-KIF15 to evaluate the viability and proliferative capacity of these cells. GSEA was used to analyze the potential signaling pathways associated with KIF15 in HCC， and Western blot was used for detection. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups； a one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsThe analysis of TCGA and GEPIA datasets showed that in HCC patients， the expression of KIF15 in HCC tissue was significantly higher than that in normal tissue， and the HCC patients with high KIF15 expression tended to have a poorer prognosis. Compared with sh-NC-Hep3B， sh3-Hep3B showed significant reductions in the mRNA and protein levels of KIF15 （P<0.05）， cell viability， clone formation number， and EdU positive rate （all P<0.05）. Compared with vector-HepG2， LV-KIF15-HepG2 showed significant increases in the mRNA and protein levels of KIF15 （P<0.05）， cell viability， clone formation number， and EdU positive rate （all P<0.05）. Subcutaneous tumor assay showed that compared with sh-NC-Hep3B， sh3-Hep3B showed reductions in tumor volume and tumor weight， as well as a significant reduction in the immunohistochemical score of Ki67 and a significant increase in the immunohistochemical score of TUNEL （P<0.05）. GSEA analysis showed that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was positively correlated with KIF15 in HCC （NES=1.59， P<0.001）. Western blot showed that LY294002 could inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway upregulated in LV-KIF15-HepG2， and compared with LV-KIF15-HepG2， LY294002+LV-KIF15-HepG2 showed significant reductions in cell viability， clone formation number， and EdU positive rate （all P<0.05）. ConclusionKIF15 enhances the viability and proliferative capacity of HCC cells by upregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Since there is a lack of obvious clinical symptoms in the early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), most patients have progressed to the advanced stage at the time of confirmed diagnosis. There are limited treatment options for HCC patients who miss the opportunity for surgery, so it is of great importance to find new therapeutic targets. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a group of macrophages existing in the tumor immune microenvironment and affect the malignant behaviors of HCC cells and the state of immune escape within the tumor. This article introduces the origin and classification of TAM, summarizes the role and mechanism of TAMs in vascular proliferation, invasion and metastasis, formation and maintenance of stemness, and anti-tumor immunity in HCC, and briefly describes the current research advances in therapeutic targets for TAM, and it is pointed out that targeting TAM may be a promising direction for clinical treatment.

Neoplasms immunotherapy has made a major breakthrough in the clinical practice of refractory tumor. However, there are still individual differences in treatment results and drug resistance in clinical application. Gastrointestinal microbiome is gradually recognized as an immunoregulatory factor in recent years, and more and more studies have focused on its influences on the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. Targeting gastrointestinal microbiota to improve the response of tumor patients to immunotherapy has potential clinical application value.

Objective:To evaluate the performance, efficacy and safety of a novel portable endoscopy system for upper gastrointestinal examination.Methods:A multicentered, open-label, randomized, non-inferiority controlled study was conducted in 3 clinical research centers from June 2019 to June 2020, and a total of 90 outpatients admitted to Department of Gastroenterology were randomly assigned to the trial group ( n=44) undergoing portable endoscopy and the control group ( n=46) undergoing Olympus endoscopy. The examination success rate, image quality, performance, overall operation satisfaction rate, biopsy success rate and adverse events of the two groups were compared. Results:The examination success rates of the trial group and the control group were 97.73% (43/44) and 100.00% (46/46) respectively with a difference of -2.27% (95% CI: -6.68%-2.13%), higher than the set non-inferiority margin of -10%. Rates of good and excellent image quality were 100% in both groups, and the difference of 0 was higher than the set non-inferiority margin of -10%. There was no significant difference in the rate of good and excellent performance of the operating system between the two groups [97.67% (42/43) VS 100.00% (46/46), P=0.483]. There was significant difference in the overall satisfactory rate of the operation between the two groups [86.05% (37/43) VS 100.00% (46/46), P=0.011]. A total of 9 cases underwent endoscopic biopsy, including 5 cases in the trial group and 4 cases in the control group. The biopsy channels in both groups were smooth and the biopsy were successfully completed. There was no significant difference in adverse event rate between the two groups [25.00% (11/44) VS 10.87%(5/46), χ2=3.07, P=0.080]. All adverse events disappeared in 48 hours, and no severe adverse events or device defect events occurred. Conclusion:The novel portable endoscopic system is comparable to Olympus endoscopic system in terms of the operating performance, the image quality and safety. Therefore, this system is safe and effective for upper gastrointestinal examination.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the antibacterial activities of flavaspidic acid BB against the main pathogens of skin and soft tissue infections such as methicillin -resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA）and methicillin -sensitive Staphylococcus aureus （MSSA） in vitro and in vivo . METHODS Microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC）and minimum bactericidal concentration （MBC）of flavaspidic acid BB on 10 strains of MRSA and 13 strains of MSSA ；time-kill curves of MRSA 11 and MSSA 23 strains were drawn by plate method ；the checkerboard dilution method was used to determine the combined antibacterial effect of flavaspidic acid BB and mupirocin ；the skin abscess model of mice was established to evaluate the antibacterial effects of 0.5%，1%，2% flavaspidic acid BB cream on MRSA 11 or MSSA 23 strains in vivo；scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the effects of flavaspidic acid BB on the morphology of MRSA 11 or MSSA23 strains. The contents of nucleic acid leakage and extracellular protein were also determined . RESULTS MIC and MBC ranges of flavaspidic acid BB against 10 strains of MRSA were 6.30-80.00 μg/mL and 40.00-640.00 μg/mL；MIC and MBC ranges of 13 strains of MSSA were 40.00-80.00 μg/mL and 63.50-126.99 μg/mL，respectively. The bactericidal rate of MRSA 11 and MSSA23 strains were 99.9% after interfered with plavaspidic acid BB for 36 h. The combination of flavaspidic acid BB and mupirocin showed an additive effect on MRSA strain and an additive or synergistic effect on MSSA strain . The 0.5%，1% and 2% flavaspidic acid BB cream could reduce the volume of abscess and the bacterial load of skin abscess model mice to some extent （P＜0.05），and improved the pathological changes of skin inflammation in skin abscess site of mice . Flavaspidic acid BB could make MRSA 11 and MSSA 23 cells shrinkage and rupture ，and significantly increase the contents of nucleic acid leakage and extracellular protein （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Flavaspidicacid BB shows good antibacterial effect on MRSA and MSSAE-mail：tchp66@163.com in vitro and in vivo ，the mechanism of which may be related to the change of membrane permeability .

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of yunaconitine on myocardial injury in rats and its mechanism related to mitochondrial apoptosis pathway rats. METHODS Forty SD rats were divided into normal group （normal saline）， yunaconitine high-dose and low-dose groups（0.14， 0.09 mg/kg）and aconitine group （positive control， 0.88 mg/kg） by random number method， with 10 rats in each group. They were given relevant medicine intragastrically， once a day， for consecutive 7 days. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， creatine kinase （CK）， creatine kinase isoenzyme （CK-MB）， superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum as well as the level of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in myocardial tissue were detected. The pathomorphological changes of myocardium and ultrastructural changes of myocardial mitochondria were all observed. The apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was determined. The protein relative expressions of B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2 associated X protein （Bax）， caspase-9， cleaved-caspase-9， caspase-3 and cleaved-caspase-3 were determined in myocardium of rats. RESULTS Compared with normal group， the serum levels of LDH， CK， CK-MB and MDA， the apoptotic numbers of cardiomyocytes， the level of ROS and protein expression of caspase-3 in myocardium were increased significantly in yunaconitine high-dose and low- dose groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； serum level of SOD and Bcl-2/Bax ratio in myocardium were all decreased significantly （P＜ 0.01）； the protein relative expressions of caspase-9， cleaved-caspase-9， caspase-3 and cleaved-caspase-3 in myocardium were significantly increased in yunaconitine high-dose group （P＜0.05）； some pathomorphological changes were found in 2 groups， such as myocardial fiber disorder， mitochondrial swelling. CONCLUSIONS Yunacotine could cause myocardial injury in rats. Its mechanism might be related to destroying the integrity of cardiomyocyte membrane， causing oxidative stress of cardiomyocyte， and inducing the apoptosis of myocardial cells through mitochondrial pathway.

Compacted in a pull rod case，the portable digestive endoscopy system consists of six modules：storage and transportation box，endoscope，water and gas injection，suction，power，and imaging management. It is comparable with the regular digestive endoscopy as it can do both routine diagnosis of digestive tract diseases and biopsy via a biopsy channel. The system is compactible，easy to deploy，and manpack，which is suitable for special environments，such as battlefields，remote areas，and the scene of first aid.