Objective: To analyze the association between dietary diversity and cognitive function among the elderly using group-based trajectory model, so as to provide the basis for formulating dietary intervention strategies to prevent cognitive impairment. Methods: Based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) project, demographic information, lifestyle behaviors, psychological well-being, and activities of daily living of elderly individuals aged ≥65 years from 2008 to 2018 were collected. Dietary diversity was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, with a score of <7 points defined as low dietary diversity. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). A group-based trajectory model was established based on cognitive function scores from 2008 to 2018 to analyze the trajectories of cognitive function change. The association between dietary diversity and cognitive function was analyzed using a multinomial logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 613 individuals were collected, with a median age was 72.00 (interquartile range, 10.00) years. There were 810 males (50.22%) and 803 females (49.78%). The group-based trajectory model analysis categorized the participants into three groups: the low-level normal group, the high-level normal group, and the slow-then-rapid decline group, comprising 796 (49.35%), 585 (36.27%), and 232 (14.38%) individuals, respectively. Among these groups, the numbers of individuals with low dietary diversity were 497 (62.44%), 311 (53.16%), and 166 (71.55%), respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for demographic information, lifestyle behaviors, psychological well-being, and activities of daily living, compared with the high-level normal group, low dietary diversity was statistically associated with cognitive function in the slow-then-rapid decline group (OR=1.622, 95%CI: 1.103-2.384). Conclusion Low dietary diversity may increase the risk of cognitive impairment among the elderly.

Objective To observe the repair effect and mechanism of Danhuang Powder-containing serum on high glucose-induced vascular endothelial cell injury.Methods Danhuang Powder-containing serum was prepared.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were cultured to be divided into control group,recombinant human epidermal growth factor(called"growth factor"for short)group,Danhuang Powder group,high glucose group,high glucose+growth factor group,and high glucose+Danhuang Powder group.After corresponding intervention in each group for 48 hours,the cell ultrastructure and autophagy were observed under transmission electron microscope,apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,and the protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),epidermal growth factor(EGF)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)in the cells were detected by Western Blot.Results(1)The intra-mitochondrial ridges in the control group were clearly visible,autophagosomes and autolysosomes were fewer;mitochondria in the high glucose group were swollen and irregular,and appeared vacuolated;and the more typical autophagy-like structures were seen in the high glucose+Danhuang Powder group.(2)Compared with the high glucose group and high glucose+growth factor group,the apoptosis rate of cells in the high glucose+Danhuang Powder group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the high glucose group and the high glucose+growth factor group,the protein expression levels of VEGF,EGF and bFGF in the cells of the high glucose+Danhuang Powder group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Danhuang Powder-containing serum can reduce the high glucose-induced damage in HUVEC cells,and its mechanism may be related to the activation of mitochondrial autophagy,and the inhibition of apoptosis,as well as the up-regulation of the expression of VEGF,EGF and bFGF.

Emphasizing symptom efficacy is an important manifestation of the personalized diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. However， in current clinical practice of TCM， there are challenges such as diverse symptom expressions， difficulty in standardization， inconsistent evaluation standards for symptom efficacy， lack of universal quantitative methods， and complexity in collecting complete and accurate symptom information. These issues hinder the full and effective utilization of symptom information. Addressing the current research status and existing problems of symptom terminology standardization， quantification and grading of symptom efficacy， and collection of symptom information， this paper proposes methodological strategies for effectively recording and utilizing TCM symptom efficacy information in the era of big data. These strategies include collecting TCM symptom information based on patient reporting， standardizing the evaluation of TCM symptom efficacy from measurement scales and evaluation dimensions， integrating TCM symptom efficacy evaluation into clinical diagnosis and treatment processes， and utilizing artificial intelligence technology to acquire and process TCM symptom efficacy information. TCM symptom efficacy evaluation strategies based on patient perspectives and artificial intelligence technology will help fully explore the value of data elements， promote the objective demonstration of the specific efficacy of TCM， and facilitate the discovery of effective patterns.

Objective : To investigate the effect of miR-141-3p on LPS induced A549 cell injury by targeting high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) ． Methods : A549 cells derived from type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells were taken as the study object，miR-141-3p mimics，mimics NC，HMGB1 gene overexpression plasmid (pcDNA3. 1-HMGB1) and empty Vector were transfected into A549 cells respectively or co-transfected，then 10 μg / ml LPS was used for 24 h．Cell proliferation activity was detected by cell counting kit-8 ( CCK-8) ．The activity of lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) in the supernatant of cell culture was detected by colorimetry．The apoptosis level of each group was detec- ted by flow cytometry．The levels of interleukin (IL) -1 β , IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) ．Dual luciferase reporter gene assay verified the targeted regulatory relationship between miR-141-3p and HMGB1 . Results : After treatment with LPS ，the proliferative activity of A549 cells and the expression level of miR-141-3p decreased ( P ＜0. 05 ) ，the apoptosis rate increased ( P < 0. 05) ，the levels of IL-1 β , IL-6，TNF-α and the activity of LDH in supernatant increased (P＜0. 05) ．Overex- pression of miR-141-3p increased the proliferation activity of A549 cells treated with LPS (P ＜0. 05 ) ，and de- creased the apoptosis rate and the levels of IL-1 β , IL-6，TNF-α in cells and LDH activity in supernatant (P < 0. 05) ．However，overexpression of HMGB1 gene could reverse the ameliorative effect of miR-141-3p on LPS-in- duced A549 cell injury．Dual luciferase reporter gene experiment confirmed that HMGB1 was the downstream target gene of miR-141-3p． Conclusion miR-141-3p can inhibit LPS-induced apoptosis，reduce the expression level of inflammatory factors，and improve the damage of A549 cells，which may be related to the targeted regulation of HMGB1 expression.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at Front Mu point in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.Methods Sixty patients with ulcerative colitis treated at the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Kunming from August 2022 to June 2023 were collected.Using a random number table method,30 cases were assigned to each of the control group and the combined group.The treatment method involved administering oral mesalazine to the control group for a continuous period of 8 weeks,while the combined group received both oral mesalazine and acupuncture at front Mu points.The clinical efficacy,colonoscopy results score(Baron score),and colonic mucosal healing score(Geboes)before and after treatment were compared.Follow-up was conducted at 3 months to calculate the recurrence rate in the combination and control groups.Results The total effective rate in the combination group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),with rates of 93.33%and 67.67%,respectively.After treatment,the disease activity index,Baron score,and Geboes score decreased compared to before treatment(P<0.05),and the combination group had a lower disease activity index,Baron score,and Geboes score than the control group after treatment(P<0.05).Comparing the recurrence rates at 3 months post-treatment,the combination group was lower than the control group.Conclusion Acupuncture at Front Mu Point can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of ulcerative colitis,reduce the recurrence rate compared to patients in the control group,and is safe and reliable without serious adverse reactions.

Objective To explore the application value of Three-Dimensional rectal cavity ultrasound combined with contrast agent imaging in necrotizing fasciitis of the anal region.Methods Before surgery,standard three-dimensional rectal cavity ultrasound examinations(referred to as the conventional group)and contrast agent imaging examinations(referred to as the imaging group)were conducted for 40 patients clinically diagnosed with anal region necrotizing fasciitis.Separate observations were made for the primary lesion,as well as for the depth and superficial necrosis of the fascia,and injuries to the anal sphincter muscle.Comparative analysis with surgical results was undertaken to assess the diagnostic sensitivity of both the conventional and imaging groups.Results In comparing the conventional group with the imaging group,the rates of primary lesion visibility rose significantly from 70%to 97.5%,deep fascial necrosis visibility increased from 50%to 88.8%,superficial fascia visibility improved from 70%to 100%,and the visibility of anal sphincter muscle injury escalated from 62.5%to 97.2%,all demonstrating statistical significance at P<0.05.Conclusions Three-dimensional rectal cavity ultrasound combined with contrast agent imaging exhibits significantly enhanced accuracy in identifying primary lesions associated with perianal necrotizing fasciitis,as well as the necrosis affecting deep and superficial fascia,in contrast to conventional three-dimensional rectal cavity ultrasound.This advancement offers more precise guidance for clinicians in devising surgical plans,thereby augmenting the success rate of surgical interventions.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the serum chemical composition of rats after intragastric administration of water extract of crude Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-crude Phellodendri Chinensis and salted Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-salted Phellodendri Chinensis based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)technology,predict the effect of salt processing on the treatment of type 2 dia-betes in Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-Pheellodendri Chinensis combined with network pharmacology,and preliminarily verify it through in vitro experiments.METHODS Rats were continuously intragastrically administered with crude Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-crude Phello-dendri Chinensis drug pair and salted Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-salted Phellodendri Chinensis drug pair water extract twice,with an in-terval of 1 h.After 60 min of the last administration,the blood was taken from the abdominal aorta,and the protein was precipitated by methanol.After dissolution,the chromatographic column was Shim-pack GIST C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm);the mobile phase A was 0.1%formic acid water,and the mobile phase B was 0.1%formic acid-acetonitrile;gradient elution,positive and negative ion full scan mode,mass scan range 100-1 500 m/z.Combined with the secondary spectrum of the database and literature,the blood compo-nents of crude Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-crude Phellodendri Chinensis drug pair and salted Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-salted Phellodendri Chinensis drug pair were analyzed and identified.The disease targets of type 2 diabetes were retrieved,and the protein interaction net-work analysis,GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the intersection targets of blood components and diseases.The"blood components-targets"network diagram was constructed,and the selected core components and core targets were verified by molecular docking using AutoDock software.In the verification experiment,HepG2 cells were used as the experimental ob-ject,and the insulin resistance model was induced by high insulin and high glucose.CCK8 method was used to test the effect of Rhizo-ma Anemarrhenae-Phellodendri Chinensis on cell proliferation before and after salt processing.Western blot was used to detect the ex-pression of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway-related proteins.RESULTS 15 prototype components and 1 mangiferin metabolic compo-nent were identified in the serum of rats.17 prototype components and 1 mangiferin metabolite were identified in the rat serum of the water extract of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-Phellodendri Chinensis after salt processing.The contents of mangiferin,berberine and 3-isobutylglutaric acid in the blood components after salt-processing were higher than those in the raw products.According to the results of KEGG and GO,the treatment of type 2 diabetes may be related to the transcriptional regulation of RNA polymerase,inflammatory re-sponse,AGE-RAGE,PI3K-AKT pathway and insulin resistance.Cell experiments showed that the ratio of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT and GLUT4 protein expression could be up-regulated before and after salt processing,and the effect of salt processing group was better than that of the crude group.CONCLUSION This experiment preliminarily revealed the components of Anemarrhenae Rhizo-ma-Phellodendri Chinensis drug pair entering the blood before and after salt exposure,and suggested that ferulic acid,berberine,ber-berrubine,mangiferin,mTOR,SIRT1,EGFR and PPARA may be the main components and targets of Rhizoma Anemarrhenae-Phel-lodendri Chinensis after salt processing to enhance the therapeutic effect of type 2 diabetes.The mechanism may be to enhance the role of PI3K-AKT and other related signaling pathways,providing an important reference for the pharmacodynamic material basis and clini-cal application of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-Phellodendri Chinensis before and after salt processing.

Myocardial injury is a pathological change of myocardium caused by many factors,which can lead to the decline of cardiac function and the occurrence of cardiovascular events.Astragaloside Ⅳ is one of the main pharmacological components in Astragali Radix,which plays an anti-myocardial injury role by regulating various signaling pathways.This article reviewed the anti-myocardial injury mechanism of astragaloside Ⅳ from five aspects:inhibition of oxidative stress,inhibition of apoptosis,anti-myocardial fibrosis,improvement of myocardial energy metabolism and inhibition of myocardium inflammation,in order to provide reference for the mechanism research and clinical application of astragaloside Ⅳ in the prevention and treatment of myocardial injury.

Objective To establish the reference intervals for test indicators of thyroid function,namely thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),free thyroxine(FT4),and free triiodothyronine(FT3),in the children aged 0 to 15 years old in Nanning,China.Methods A total of 1 289 healthy children aged 0 to 15 years old who attended the Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated with Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from October 2018 to August 2023 were selected.The concentrations in serum TSH,FT4,and FT3 were measured by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay(CMIA).According to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)EP28-A3c guideline,the nonparametric percentile method was used to establish the reference intervals for TSH,FT4,and FT3 in the children aged 0 to 15 years old in Nanning area.Results The established reference intervals were as follows:TSH(male):0 to＜1 month:0.88-7.81 μIU/mL,1 month to 15 years:0.59-5.06 μIU/mL;TSH(female):0 to＜1 month:0.93-8.42μIU/mL,1 month to 15 years:0.60-4.30 μIU/mL.FT4(male):0 to＜1 month:0.99-1.92 pg/mL,1 month to 15 years:0.86-1.33 pg/mL;FT4(female):0 to＜1 month:1.05-2.06 pg/mL,1 month to 15 years:0.85-1.37 pg/mL;FT3:0 to＜1 month:2.16-4.24 pmol/L,1 month to＜11 years:2.75-4.49 pmol/L,11 to 15 years:2.45-4.34 pmol/L.Significant differences were observed among different gender and age groups for TSH,FT4,and FT3 levels(P＜0.05).Conclusion This study successfully established the refer-ence intervals of TSH,FT4,and FT3 in the children aged 0 to 15 years old in Nanning area,which were significantly different among various gender and age groups.

Objective:To discuss the effect of inhibiting microRNA(miR)-193a-5p expression on pulmonary fibrosis in the rats with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),and to clarify the related mechanism.Methods:A total of 60 male SD rats were divided into sham operation group,model group,miR-193a-5p antagonist group(Antagomir group),and negative control group(Antagomir-NC group),and there were 15 rats in each group.The ARDS animal model was induced by administering 10 mg·kg-1 lipopolysaccharide(LPS)via tracheal instillation,while the rats in sham operation group received an equal volume of saline.After successful modeling,the rats in Antagomir group and Antagomir-NC group were treated with miR-193a-5p Antagomir or Antagomir-NC via tail vein injection.The arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2)and oxygenation index(OI)of the rats in various groups were measured;HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathology and collagen fiber deposition in lung tissue of the rats;kit was used to detect the level of hydroxyproline(Hyp)in lung tissue of the rats in various groups;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)of the rats in various groups;real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to detect the expression levels of miR-193a-5p in lung tissue of the rats in various groups;Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of β-catenin,Snail family transcriptional repressor 1(Snail1),and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)proteins in lung tissue of the rats in various groups.Results:Compared with sham operation group,the PaO2 and OI of the rats in model group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the PaO2 and OI of the rats in Antagomir group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The HE staining results showed that the lung tissue structure of the rats in sham operation group was normal,and there were no obvious inflammatory changes;compared with sham operation group,mild abnormalities in lung tissue structure,alveolar atrophy,and collapse were observed in the rats in model group and Antagomir-NC group,with a large number of lymphocytes and a small number of neutrophils infiltrating in the alveolar cavities,and widened alveolar spaces;compared with model group,the rats in Antagomir group showed a significant reduction in lymphocytes and neutrophil infiltration in the alveolar cavities and there were no obvious hyperplasia.The Masson staining results showed no obvious blue collagen fiber deposition in lung tissue of the rats in sham operation group;compared with sham operation group,significant blue collagen fiber deposition was observed in lung tissue of the rats in model group and Antagomir-NC group,with severe damage of the alveolar structure,indicating obvious pulmonary fibrosis;compared with model group,the deposition of blue-stained collagen fibers in lung tissue of the rats in Antagomir group was significantly reduced.Compared with sham operation group,the level of Hyp in lung tissue of the rats in model group was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the level of Hyp of the rats in Antagomir group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The ELISA results showed that compared with sham operation group,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 in BALF of the rats in model group were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 of the rats in Antagomir group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The RT-qPCR results showed that compared with sham operation group,the expression level of miR-193a-5p in lung tissue of the rats in model group was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the expression level of miR-193a-5p of the rats in Antagomir group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The Western blotting results showed that compared with sham operation group,the expression levels of β-catenin,Snail1,and α-SMA proteins in lung tissue of the rats in model group were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the expression levels of β-catenin,Snail1,and α-SMA proteins in lung tissue of the rats in Antagomir group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Inhibition of miR-193a-5p expression can improve the lung function and alleviate the pulmonary fibrosis in the ARDS rats by reducing the inflammatory responses and downregulating the expressions of β-catenin,Snail1,and α-SMA proteins.