Implementation science (IS) aims to systematically analyze and address the real-world gaps from evidence to practice and the influencing factors of the context. It is necessary to carry out qualitative research to gather relevant implementation outcomes. Nevertheless, traditional qualitative analysis has issues such as consuming a great deal of time and energy, and it is unable to promptly provide the crucial data required for implementation science research. The Rapid Qualitative Analysis (RQA) method, through semi-structured interviews and the adoption of techniques such as immediate data condensation and matrix analysis, can effectively shorten the cycle of qualitative data collection and data processing. RQA can promptly identify social determinants of health such as structural barriers, facilitators, and the behavioral characteristics of target groups. It provides a real-time basis for public health decision-making, the interpretation of complex social phenomena, and the process and effectiveness evaluation of research projects. Although RQA is difficult to conduct in-depth theoretical analysis based on grounded theory, its efficiency and flexibility make it the preferred tool for large-scale and time-sensitive research. Thus, it has been widely applied in implementation science research. This paper sorts out the core concepts and commonly used technical methods of RQA, as well as the differences between RQA and traditional qualitative analysis. It also explores the applications of RQA in intervention optimization, process evaluation, and implementation outcome evaluation. By integrating specific cases, this paper clarifies its application value in the field of implementation science. In the future, it is advisable to explore the integration of RQA with technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data, in order to bridge the gap between the transformation of scientific research achievements into practice. Under circumstances of limited resources or tight time constraints, RQA can be used to efficiently conduct implementation science research, providing convenient and scientific methodological and technical support for accelerating evidence-based practice.

OBJECTIVE To study the improvement effects and mechanism of proanthocyanidins （PACs） on steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head （SONFH） in rabbits based on the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 （RIPK1）/RIPK3/mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein （MLKL） signaling pathway. METHODS SONFH model in rabbits was induced by injecting Escherichia coli endotoxin+methylprednisolone. The successfully modeled rabbits were randomly divided into Model group （normal saline）， low-dose PACs group （PACs-L group， 11 mg/kg）， high-dose PACs group （PACs-H group， 22 mg/kg）， high-dose PACs+ RIPK1 activator （rRIPK1） group （PACs-H+rRIPK1 group， 22 mg/kg PACs+4 μg/kg rRIPK1）， along with a control group （normal saline）， with 6 rabbits in each group. Each administration group was given relevant medicine once a day intragastrically/via injection， for 4 consecutive weeks. After the last administration， the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in rabbit serum were measured. The changes in the microstructure of rabbit femurs， including bone mineral density （BMD）， trabecular thickness （Tb.Th）， trabecular number （Tb.N）， and trabecular separation （Tb. Sp） were examined. The histopathological features of rabbit femoral tissues were observed， and the apoptotic status of cells within the rabbit femoral tissues was detected. The mRNA expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and bone morphogenetic protein 2 （BMP2） in rabbit femoral tissues were determined. The expressions of RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway-related proteins in femoral tissues were detected. RESULTS Compared with the Control group， serum contents of TNF-α and IL-6， Tb.Sp， empty bone cavity rate， cell apoptosis rate， phosphorylation levels of RIPK1， RIPK3 and MLKL in femoral tissue were significantly increased in the Model group （P＜0.05）. BMD， Tb.Th， Tb.N， as well as the mRNA expression of VEGF and BMP2， along with protein expression of caspase-8， in the femoral tissues were all decreased （P＜0.05）. The bone cells in the femoral tissue were unevenly distributed， and the trabeculae were arranged sparsely. Compared with the Model group， the aforementioned quantitative indicators （P＜0.05） and pathological changes in all dosage groups of PACs showed significant improvements. Compared with the PACs-H group， the aforementioned quantitative indicators （P＜0.05） and pathological changes in the PACs-H+rRIPK1 group showed significant reversal. CONCLUSIONS PACs can ameliorate SONFH in rabbits， and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of the activation of the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway， suppression of apoptosis in femoral tissue cells， and promotion of angiogenesis.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of modified Huanglian Wendantang on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome under the guidance of treating disease before its onset. MethodsA total of 82 patients with metabolic syndrome treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine from July 2023 to July 2024 were selected and allocated into an observation group （41 cases） and a control group （41 cases） by the random number table method. The control group received routine treatment， and the observation group was treated with modified Huanglian Wendantang on the basis of routine treatment. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. The therapeutic effects on TCM symptoms after treatment in the two groups were evaluated. The levels of obesity degree indicators， blood pressure indicators， glucose and lipid metabolism indicators， inflammatory factors， and vascular endothelial function indicators before and after treatment in the two groups were measured， and the treatment safety was evaluated. ResultsAfter treatment， the total response rate of TCM symptoms in the observation group was 97.56% （40/41）， which was higher than that （87.80%， 36/41） in the control group （χ²=5.205， P<0.05）. After treatment， both groups showed declines （P<0.05） in systolic blood pressure （SBD）， diastolic blood pressure （DBP）， triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， fasting blood glucose， 2-hour postprandial blood glucose （2 h PG）， glycosylated hemoglobin （HbA1c）， fasting insulin （FINS）， Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance （HOMA-IR）， body mass index （BMI）， waist circumference （WC）， waist-to-hip ratio （WHR）， leptin （LEP）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， endothelin-1 （ET-1）， and inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）. Moreover， the declines in the observation group were more obvious than those in the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. After treatment， both groups showed elevated levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， adiponectin （ADP）， nitric oxide （NO）， and endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS） （P<0.05）， and the above indexes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （P<0.01）. ConclusionUnder the guidance of the thought of treating disease before its onset， modified Huanglian Wendantang was used to treat patients with metabolic syndrome. The decoction improved the clinical efficacy by ameliorating IR to improve insulin sensitivity， reducing inflammation， and protecting the vascular endothelial function. It inhibits cardiovascular risk factors without inducing adverse reactions， being worthy of clinical application and promotion.

OBJECTIVE To assess the scientific rigor， clarity and feasibility of the recommendations of the Guidelines for Evidence-based Use of Biological Agents for the Clinical Treatment of Osteoporosis （hereinafter referred to as the Guideline） through external review， in order to further revise and improve the Guideline recommendations. METHODS This study employed a cross-sectional survey research design， a convenience sampling method was adopted to select frontline medical workers in the field of osteoporosis （including clinical doctors， clinical pharmacists， and nurses） as well as patients or their family members. External review was conducted through a combination of closed-ended and open-ended electronic questionnaires to get feedback from them on the appreciation，clarity and feasibility of the 32 preliminary recommendations in the Guideline. RESULTS A total of 90 external review subjects from 15 hospitals were collected， including 45 clinical doctors， 15 clinical pharmacists， 15 nurses and 15 patients or their family members. The overall appreciation degree of recommendations was 99.38%， the overall clarity degree of recommendations was 98.92%， and the overall feasibility degree of recommendations was 99.65%. At the same time， 111 subjective suggestions were collected， which provided an important reference for the further improvement of the Guideline recommendations. Based on the above feedback， the Guideline steering committee and core expert group revised the wording of 12 draft recommendations without deletion， and finally determined 32 recommendations. CONCLUSIONS The external review provides an important basis for the final formation of the Guideline， further improves the scientific rigor， clarity and feasibility of the recommendations， and ensures the standardization， practicality and implementability of the Guideline.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and possible regulatory mechanism of miR-34a in the lung tissue of neonatal rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) induced by hyperoxia. METHODS: In the study, 80 newborn SD rats were randomly divided into hyperoxia group (FiO₂=60%) and air group (FiO₂=21%) within 2 hours after birth, 40 rats per group. Lung tissue samples of the SD rats in each group were extracted on the 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st days after birth, and the pathological changes of lung tissue were observed under light microscope after HE staining. The number of radial alveolar counts (RAC) and the mean alveolar diameter (MAD) and the thickness of alveolar septal thickness (AST) were measured to evaluate the development of alveoli. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-34a, angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and tyrosine kinase receptor-2 (Tie-2) in lung tissue of rats in hyperoxia group and air group at different time points. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the proteins expression of Ang-1 and Tie-2 in the lung tissues of the two groups at different time points. RESULTS: The weight of rats in the hyperoxia group on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after birth was significantly lower than that in the air group (P all < 0.05). With the prolongation of oxygen exposure, the number of alveoli decreased, the volume increased, the structure simplified, the alveolar cavity enlarged obviously and the alveolar septum thickened in the hyperoxia group. On the 7th, 14th and 21st days after birth, the RAC in the hyperoxia group was significantly lower than that in the air group (P all < 0.05). Compared with the air group, MAD and AST increased significantly on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after birth in the hyperoxia group, and the difference was statistically significant (P all < 0.05). The expression level of miR-34a in lung tissue of hyperoxia group was significantly higher than that of air group on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after birth, and the difference was statistically significant (P all < 0.05). Compared with the air group at the same time point, the expression levels of Ang-1 and Tie-2 mRNA and protein in the hyperoxia group were lower than those in the air group on the 14th and 21st days after birth (P all < 0.05). CONCLUSION The new BPD model of newborn SD rats can be successfully established by continuous exposure to 60% hyperoxia. The expression of miR-34a was up-regulated in the lung tissue of the new BPD model of neonatal rats. MiR-34a may play an important role in the occurrence and development of BPD by regulating Ang-1/Tie-2 signal pathway.
Animals ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/genetics* ; Hyperoxia/metabolism* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Animals, Newborn ; Rats ; Angiopoietin-1/genetics* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Receptor, TIE-2/genetics* ; Lung/pathology* ; Male

Glioma represents the most prevalent malignant tumor of the central nervous system, with chemotherapy serving as an essential adjunctive treatment. However, most chemotherapeutic agents exhibit limited ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This study introduced a novel dual-targeting strategy for glioma therapy by modulating the formation of nanobody-driven protein coronas to enhance the brain and tumor-targeting efficiency of hydrophobic cisplatin prodrug-loaded lipid nanoparticles (C8Pt-Ls). Specifically, nanobodies (Nbs) with fibrinogen-binding capabilities were conjugated to the surface of C8Pt-Ls, resulting in the generation of Nb-C8Pt-Ls. Within the bloodstream, Nb-C8Pt-Ls could bound more fibrinogen, forming the protein corona that specifically interacted with LRP-1, a receptor highly expressed on the BBB. This interaction enabled a "Hitchhiking Effect" mechanism, facilitating efficient trans-BBB transport and promoting effective brain targeting. Additionally, the protein corona interacted with LRP-1, which is also overexpressed in glioma cells, achieving precise tumor targeting. Computational simulations and SPR detection clarified the molecular interaction mechanism of the Nb-fibrinogen-(LRP-1) complex, confirming its binding specificity and stability. Our results demonstrated that this strategy significantly enhanced C8Pt accumulation in brain tissues and tumors, induced apoptosis in glioma cells, and improved therapeutic efficacy. This study provides a novel framework for glioma therapy and underscores the potential of protein corona modulation-based dual-targeting strategies in advancing treatments for brain tumors.

With the increase in the obese population and the aging of the society,the incidence rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)continue to increase,and more than half of the patients with T2DM also suffer from OSA.T2DM patients with OSA have a higher risk of developing macrovascular and microvascular complications,which severely impairs their quality of life,and early identification of T2DM patients with OSA can improve their prognosis.This article summarizes the latest re-search advances in the pathogenesis,biomarkers,and treatment measures of T2DM with OSA,in order to provide insights for the screening,diagnosis,and treatment of T2DM with OSA.

Objective Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula(JTTF)is an effective formula for the clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).We used integrated pharmacology and in vitro experiments to explore the molecular mechanism of JTTF to improve insulin resistance(IR)in T2DM.Methods The drug targets of JTTF were obtained by identifying the key active ingredients of JTTF through UPLC-Q-TOF-MS.Multiple databases such as GeneCards,OMIM,and DrugBank were used to screen T2DM-IR related targets.Cytoscape software and String 11.0 database were used to construct the PPI network diagram of JTTF for T2DM-IR.GO and KEGG analyses were performed according to the Metascape platform to find the biological pathways related to the target proteins.AutoDock Tools software was used to simulate molecular docking.In vitro experiments were performed using palmitic acid(PA)-induced HepG2-IR cell model to detect the effect of JTTF on HepG2-IR.Results 28 effective active components of JTTF were screened.There were 857 gene targets of T2DM-IR,and 168 targets of drug-disease intersection.387 GO entries and 145 KEGG pathways were enriched.The molecular docking results showed that the main components of JTTF had good binding activities with PI3K and AKT-related proteins.The in vitro results showed that JTTF significantly alleviated PA-induced HepG2 cell injury,increased HepG2 glucose consumption,increased PI3K and AKT mRNA and protein expression,regulated the expression of GLUT2,GLUT4 and GSK3β,and improved cellular IR.Conclusion JTTF increases insulin sensitivity of HepG2-IR cells,promotes glucose uptake and intracellular glucose metabolism process,and its mechanism of action may be related to the up-regulation of PI3K/AKT signalling pathway.

Under the current situation of "low prevalence and low infection" of schistosomiasis in China, and to provide a basis for achieving the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis by 2030 proposed by the Healthy China Action (2019 - 2030) as scheduled, the Hunan Provincial Corps Hospital of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force established a schistosomiasis monitoring and early warning index system based on the previous studies on schistosomiasis early warning index system and the recent literature analysis, combined with the current potential risk factors affecting the transmission and prevalence of schistosomiasis, and organized two rounds of expert consultation and carried out project promotion meetings. The experts reached a consensus on the comprehensiveness and practicability of the index system, aiming to lay a solid foundation for construction of China's schistosomiasis prevention and control early warning system.

Objective:By sequencing and analyzing the biliary flora by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology,to identify the main flora associated with gallbladder stone formation and the main flora regulated by the Dahuang lingxian(DHLX),pre-liminary investigation the effect of DHLX on the biliary flora.Methods:The 50 male guinea pigs were randomly divided into Normal group,Model group,DHLX group.There were 15 guinea pigs in the normal group and 20 guinea pigs in the DHLX group,and 20 guin-ea pigs in the model group:the guinea pig model of gallstone was replicated with high-fat lithogenic diet,which was simultaneously ad-ministrated by gavage.After continuous intervention for 8 weeks,bile and gallbladder tissue samples were collected,and the gallstone formation rate of guinea pigs in each group was calculated,the pathological morphological changes of gallbladder tissue were detected by HE,T-CHO,TBA,LPS,IL-6,TNF-α were detected by ELISA,and the changes of biliary flora were detected by 16S rDNA;the correlation between biliary flora and bile index was detected by Pearson statistical method.Results:The stone formation rate of guinea pigs in the normal group was 8.3%,the rate of model stone composition was 90.8%,and the stone composition rate of DHLX group was 36.4%,and the HE staining results showed that compared with the normal group,the mucous membrane of the guinea pig in the model group was thickened,the columnar epithelial cells were arranged in a large number of inflammatory cells,and the columnar epi-thelial cells of the gallbladder mucosa in the chinese medicine group were arranged neatly compared with the model group,the thick-ness of the mucosa was reduced compared with the model group,and some inflammatory cells were infiltrated;ELISA results showed that compared with the normal group,the expressions of T-CHO,LPS,IL-6 and TNF-α in the bile of guinea pigs in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01),while the content of TBA was significantly reduced(P<0.01);compared with the model group,the expression of LPS and IL-6 in the bile of the DHLX group were significantly reduced(P<0.01).The results of 16S rDNA showed that compared with the normal group the Ace index and Chao1 index of the model group were significantly reduced(P<0.01),and the Chao1 index of the DHLX group was significantly higher than that of the model group(P<0.05);biliary flora at the genera level was mainly composed of Burkholderia,Sphingomycetes,Breghamus,Delfortella,Pseudomonas;correlation analysis showed that total cholesterol was negatively correlated with the abundance of Methyloversatilis(P<0.05),and total bile acids were positively corre-lated with the abundance of Burkholderia(P<0.05),and Pseudomonas erythrocytes,Rhizobia,the abundance of Phreatobacter was negatively correlated(P<0.01)and LPS was positively correlated with the abundance of Pseudomonas erythrocytes(P<0.01).Conclu-sion:Biliary microflora disorder exists in the formation of biliary stones,and biliary microflora may participate in the formation of stones by regulating cholesterol,bile acids and LPS.DHLX can regulate the changes in the abundance of the microflora,make the structure of the microflora become normal,reduce the inflammation of the gallbladder,and prevent the formation of gallstones.