ObjectiveThis paper aims to explore the in vitro anti-psoriasis activity and potential mechanism of Kangfuxin liquid （KFX liquid）， providing experimental evidence for the anti-psoriasis effect of KFX liquid. MethodsFirstly， the uninduced human immortalized keratinocyte cells （HaCaT cells） were divided into seven groups， namely the control group and KFX liquid groups with different doses （5， 10， 20， 40， 80， 160 g·L^-1）. After being treated with different concentrations of KFX liquid， the effect of KFX liquid on the normal cell proliferation was detected by using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method. Secondly， the uninduced HaCaT cells were divided into six groups， namely the control group and recombinant human interleukin-7A （rh-IL-7A） groups with different doses （5， 10， 50， 100， 120 g·L^-1）. After being treated with different concentrations of recombinant human interleukin-17A （rh IL-17A） liquid， the effect of rh IL-17A on cell proliferation was detected. The optimal induction concentration was screened. Then， normal HaCaT cells were divided into a control group and KFX liquid groups with different doses （5， 10， 20， 40， 80， 160 g·L^-1）. Except for the control group， the other groups established psoriasis cell models with the optimal induction concentration of rh IL-17A. After being treated with different concentrations of KFX liquid， the effects of KFX liquid on the psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation were investigated. Finally， the uninduced HaCaT cells were divided into six groups， namely the control group， rh IL-17A group， methotrexate （MTX） group， and KFX liquid groups with different doses （20， 40， 80 g·L^-1）. Except for the control group， the other groups used the optimal induction concentration of rh IL-17A to establish psoriasis cell models. After being treated with different drugs， the cell migration levels were detected through scratch assays， and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the relative mRNA expression levels of Ki-67 antigen （Ki67）， S100 calcium-binding protein A7 （S100A7）， S100 calcium-binding protein A8 （S100A8）， and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 （S100A9）， thereby comprehensively evaluating the in vitro anti-psoriasis activity of KFX liquid. By detecting the relative mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and chemokine-20 （CXCL-20） inflammatory-related factors in psoriasis-like HaCaT cells and the protein expression levels of Janus kinase 3 （JAK3）， phosphorylated Janus kinase 3 （p-JAK3）， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （p-STAT3）， the mechanism was explored. ResultsCompared with that of control group， when treated with 80 g·L^-1 KFX liquid for 72 h （P<0.05） and at different times with 160 g·L^-1 KFX liquid， the HaCaT cell proliferation activity was significantly affected （P<0.01）， while the other concentrations of KFX liquid had no significant differences in cell morphology and cell proliferation activity at different times， indicating that the KFX liquid is relatively safe for HaCaT cells and has no obvious toxic side effects. Compared with that of control group， when treated with different concentrations of rh IL-17A for 24 h， the HaCaT cell proliferation activity was significantly enhanced， and the cell activity was the strongest when the concentration was 100 μg·L^-1 （P<0.05）， with a density close to 100% and intact cell morphology， indicating that 100 μg·L^-1 is the optimal concentration for inducing HaCaT cell proliferation. The results of the KFX liquid treatment on rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like cells show that the KFX liquid not only effectively inhibits the rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation activity （P<0.01）， but also significantly reduces the migration ability of rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cells （P<0.01）， and the relative mRNA expression levels of Ki67， S100A7， S100A8， and S100A9 （P<0.01）. Moreover， the KFX liquid can significantly reduce the relative mRNA expression levels of IL-1β， IL-6， and CXCL-20 in rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like cells （P<0.01）， and significantly inhibit the phosphorylation levels of JAK3 and STAT3 proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe KFX liquid has no obvious toxicity to uninduced HaCaT cells. It can inhibit rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation， reduce the cell migration ability， and has good in vitro anti-psoriasis activity. Its action mechanism may be related to downregulating the expression levels of inflammation-related cytokines in the JAK3/STAT3 signaling pathway and inhibiting the phosphorylation levels of JAK3 and STAT3 proteins.

ObjectiveThis paper aims to explore the in vitro anti-psoriasis activity and potential mechanism of Kangfuxin liquid （KFX liquid）， providing experimental evidence for the anti-psoriasis effect of KFX liquid. MethodsFirstly， the uninduced human immortalized keratinocyte cells （HaCaT cells） were divided into seven groups， namely the control group and KFX liquid groups with different doses （5， 10， 20， 40， 80， 160 g·L^-1）. After being treated with different concentrations of KFX liquid， the effect of KFX liquid on the normal cell proliferation was detected by using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method. Secondly， the uninduced HaCaT cells were divided into six groups， namely the control group and recombinant human interleukin-7A （rh-IL-7A） groups with different doses （5， 10， 50， 100， 120 g·L^-1）. After being treated with different concentrations of recombinant human interleukin-17A （rh IL-17A） liquid， the effect of rh IL-17A on cell proliferation was detected. The optimal induction concentration was screened. Then， normal HaCaT cells were divided into a control group and KFX liquid groups with different doses （5， 10， 20， 40， 80， 160 g·L^-1）. Except for the control group， the other groups established psoriasis cell models with the optimal induction concentration of rh IL-17A. After being treated with different concentrations of KFX liquid， the effects of KFX liquid on the psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation were investigated. Finally， the uninduced HaCaT cells were divided into six groups， namely the control group， rh IL-17A group， methotrexate （MTX） group， and KFX liquid groups with different doses （20， 40， 80 g·L^-1）. Except for the control group， the other groups used the optimal induction concentration of rh IL-17A to establish psoriasis cell models. After being treated with different drugs， the cell migration levels were detected through scratch assays， and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the relative mRNA expression levels of Ki-67 antigen （Ki67）， S100 calcium-binding protein A7 （S100A7）， S100 calcium-binding protein A8 （S100A8）， and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 （S100A9）， thereby comprehensively evaluating the in vitro anti-psoriasis activity of KFX liquid. By detecting the relative mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and chemokine-20 （CXCL-20） inflammatory-related factors in psoriasis-like HaCaT cells and the protein expression levels of Janus kinase 3 （JAK3）， phosphorylated Janus kinase 3 （p-JAK3）， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （p-STAT3）， the mechanism was explored. ResultsCompared with that of control group， when treated with 80 g·L^-1 KFX liquid for 72 h （P<0.05） and at different times with 160 g·L^-1 KFX liquid， the HaCaT cell proliferation activity was significantly affected （P<0.01）， while the other concentrations of KFX liquid had no significant differences in cell morphology and cell proliferation activity at different times， indicating that the KFX liquid is relatively safe for HaCaT cells and has no obvious toxic side effects. Compared with that of control group， when treated with different concentrations of rh IL-17A for 24 h， the HaCaT cell proliferation activity was significantly enhanced， and the cell activity was the strongest when the concentration was 100 μg·L^-1 （P<0.05）， with a density close to 100% and intact cell morphology， indicating that 100 μg·L^-1 is the optimal concentration for inducing HaCaT cell proliferation. The results of the KFX liquid treatment on rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like cells show that the KFX liquid not only effectively inhibits the rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation activity （P<0.01）， but also significantly reduces the migration ability of rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cells （P<0.01）， and the relative mRNA expression levels of Ki67， S100A7， S100A8， and S100A9 （P<0.01）. Moreover， the KFX liquid can significantly reduce the relative mRNA expression levels of IL-1β， IL-6， and CXCL-20 in rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like cells （P<0.01）， and significantly inhibit the phosphorylation levels of JAK3 and STAT3 proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe KFX liquid has no obvious toxicity to uninduced HaCaT cells. It can inhibit rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation， reduce the cell migration ability， and has good in vitro anti-psoriasis activity. Its action mechanism may be related to downregulating the expression levels of inflammation-related cytokines in the JAK3/STAT3 signaling pathway and inhibiting the phosphorylation levels of JAK3 and STAT3 proteins.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of green tea extract (GTE) and its main catechin monomers on erythrocyte lesion (such as hemolysis, decreased energy metabolism and oxidative stress) during in vitro storage, and to explore its potential as a novel additive for erythrocyte preservation solutions. Methods: The composition of GTE was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Using an in vitro simulated storage model, erythrocytes were stored in CPDA-1 preservation solution supplemented with GTE and the three most abundant catechin monomers (EGCG, ECG, EGC) for 60 days. Hemolysis rate and ATP content were dynamically monitored during storage. Flow cytometry was used to analyze phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure. Meanwhile, the protective effects of each component were verified in an acute oxidative stress model, and erythrocyte membrane stability was assessed by osmotic fragility test. Results: After 60 days of storage at 4℃, the hemolysis rate at the end of storage in the GTE group was <0.8%, which was superior to that in the control group and the single catechin-supplemented groups. Erythrocyte osmotic fragility assay showed that GTE could enhance the stability of erythrocyte membranes. In the acute oxidative stress experiment, the protective rate of GTE against erythrocyte injury exceeded 99%, which was better than that of the single catechin groups. At the initial stage of storage, ATP content decreased in all catechin-treated groups, but PS exposure was not significantly increased. Conclusion: The addition of GTE can effectively alleviate storage lesions of erythrocytes, with efficacy superior to that of single catechins. GTE enhances the antioxidant capacity and membrane stability of stored erythrocytes. Our results provide new experimental evidence for the development of GTE-based erythrocyte preservation additives.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic process and clinical characteristics of autoimmune gastritis(AIG)in order to improve the awareness and diagnostic proficiency of this disease.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 114 patients diagnosed with AIG in Army Medical Center of PLA between January 2021 and June 2024.Comprehensive statistical analysis was performed on clinical data,including demographic characteristics(age,sex),clinical symptoms,comorbidities,diagnostic process,Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection and treatment history,laboratory indicators[results of routine blood test,anemia-related indices,thyroid function,anti-parietal cell antibody(APCA),intrinsic factor antibody(IFA)],and gastrointestinal endoscopic findings(frequency and endoscopic features).Results Among the 114 patients,males accounted for 28.1%(32/114)and females for 71.9%(82/114),and they were at a mean age of 56.3±8.4 years.Predominant symptoms included epigastric/upper abdominal pain(47.4%,54/114)and postprandial fullness(43.0%,49/114),while 24.6%(28/114)reported acid reflux or heartburn.Diagnostic delay occurred in 76.4%(87/114)of patients,with a median delay duration of 11.5 months.Primary diagnostic clues were endoscopic reverse gradient atrophy(significantly more severe mucosal atrophy in the gastric corpus/fundus versus antrum;53.5%,61/114)and repeated H.pylori eradication failure(≥2 attempts;22.8%,26/114).Positivity rate of thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb)and thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb)was 56.9%(33/58)and 36.2%(21/58),respectively.APCA positive rate was 98.8%(81/82),IFA positive rate was 34.1%(28/82),and dual-antibody rate was 32.9%(27/82).Anemia was present in 25.7%(26/101)of the patients.Gastric neuroendocrine tumors(NET)were found in 12.2%(14/114),intraepithelial neoplasia in 5.3%(6/114),and gastric adenocarcinoma in 0.9%(1/114).Among colonoscopy-examined patients,tubular adenomas occurred in 25.0%(13/52)and colorectal malignancies in 3.4%(2/58).There were 18.4%(21/114)patients having gallbladder-related diseases,7.9%(9/114)having diabetes mellitus,and 1.8%(2/114)of subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord.Conclusion AIG is frequently associated with diagnostic delay.The reverse pattern of atrophy on endoscopy serves as a critical diagnostic clue,necessitating enhanced recognition in endoscopists.Patients with recurrent H.pylori eradication failure(≥2 attempts)should be evaluated for AIG.

Objective To analyze the correlation between small patticle of lecithin,inflammatory factors,and immunoglobulins in prostatic fluid and chronic prostatitis(CP).Methods A total of 102 CP patients who were admitted to Beijing Puren Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled into CP group.According to the pathological classification of the National Institutes of Health in the United States,the patients were classified into type Ⅱ group(32 cases),type ⅢA group(39 cases),and type ⅢB group(31 cases).According to the severity of the disease,the patients were classified into mild group(33 cases),moderate group(43 cases),and severe group(26 cases).Meanwhile,34 healthy males who underwent physical examination were selected as controls.The levels of small patticle of lecithin(SPL),inflammatory factors,and immunoglobulins in prostate fluid were compared among groups.The relationship of these parameters with the pathological classification and severity of CP were analyzed.Results CP group had lower level of SPL and higher levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-6,IL-8,immunoglobulin(Ig)A,IgG,and IgM than control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the SPL,IgA,IgG,or IgM among CP patients with different pathological types(P>0.05),but there were significant differences in the TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-8 levels(type Ⅱ group>type ⅢA group>type ⅢB group,P<0.05).There were significant differences in the SPL in CP patients with different severity levels(mild group>moderate group>severe group,P<0.05).So were the TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8,IgA,IgG,and IgM(severe group>moderate group>mild group,P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that SPL in the prostatic fluid was negatively correlated with the severity of CP(P<0.05);TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-8 were positively correlated with pathological classification and severity of CP(P<0.05);IgA,IgG,and IgM were positively correlated with the severity of CP(P<0.05).Conclusion SPL,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8,IgA,IgG and IgM in prostatic fluid are closely related to the severity of CP.TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-8 in prostatic fluid are closely related to the pathological classification of CP.

Under the"Four Specials"conditions(special environments,special tasks,special equipment,and special personnel),complex tightly-coupled human-machine systems exhibit distinct characteristics such as human-in-the-loop,frequent human-machine interactions,and significant mutual influence between humans and machines.These features lead to prominent and typical human related safety issues.Through aggregating knowledge from literature review,accident case studies,and engineering practice,this paper elaborates on the characteristics of complex tightly-coupled human-machine systems,clarifies the definition of human related safety(including its research subjects,topics,and methods),and provides a systematic analysis framework on the causes of human related safety from a whole life-cycle perspective of system development.Furthermore,theoretical hypotheses are proposed for human related safety,along with its fundamental scientific research questions and methods.

Objective To investigate the effect of spontaneous hypertension on the remodeling of cardiac and aortic tissues in rats, with special attention to the changes in the content of collagen fibers, elastic fibers and secreted Frizzled-related protein 2 （sFRP2） in cardiac and aortic tissues. Methods 28-week-old SHR rats （Spontaneously Hypertensive rats） and WKY （Wistar-Kyoto rats） of the same age were selected as experimental animals. Cardiac load was assessed by calculating the cardiac weight index. Collagen fibers and elastic fibers were isolated from the rat thoracic aorta by hot alkali method, and their content was determined by biochemical analysis. In addition, pathological evaluation of tissue sections of the left ventricle and thoracic aorta were performed by H&E staining, Sirius red staining, and lichen red staining. Western blotting was used to determine the expression level of sFRP2 protein in cardiac tissues. Results Compared with WKY rats, the heart weight index of SHR rats increased significantly （P<0.001）, and the results of biochemical analysis and staining of pathological sections showed that the content of collagen fibers in the aorta in the SHR group was higher than that in the WKY group, while the content of elastic fibers was lower, but the difference did not have statistical significance. The content of collagen fibers in the heart of the SHR group was significantly higher than that in the WKY group （P<0.01）. Western blotting showed that there was no significant difference in the expression level of sFRP2 protein in heart tissues between the two groups. Conclusion The remodeling of cardiac and aortic tissues in a rat model of spontaneous hypertension may involve complex molecular mechanisms, not just changes in the content of collagen fibers and elastic fibers. The detailed mechanism of the progression of spontaneous hypertension and target organs damage still need further investigation.

Microalgae possess high photosynthetic efficiency, robust adaptability, and substantial biomass, serving as excellent biological resources for large-scale cultivation. Malic enzyme (ME), a ubiquitous metabolic enzyme in living organisms, catalyzes the decarboxylation of malate to produce pyruvate, CO₂, and NAD(P)H, playing a role in multiple metabolic pathways including energy metabolism, photosynthesis, respiration, and biosynthesis. In this study, we identified the Scenedesmus quadricauda malic enzyme gene (SqME) and its biological functions, aiming to provide excellent target genes for the genetic improvement of higher plants. Based on the RNA-seq data from S. quadricauda under the biofilm cultivation mode with high CO₂ and light energy transfer efficiency and small water use, a highly expressed gene (SqME) functionally annotated as ME was cloned. The physicochemical properties of the SqME-encoded protein were systematically analyzed by bioinformatics tools. The subcellular localization of SqME was determined via transient transformation in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The biological functions of SqME were identified via genetic transformation in Nicotiana tabacum, and the potential of SqME in the genetic improvement of higher plants was evaluated. The ORF of SqME was 1 770 bp, encoding 590 amino acid residues, and the encoded protein was located in chloroplasts. SqME was a NADP-ME, with the typical structural characteristics of ME. The ME activity in the transgenic N. tabacum plant was 1.8 folds of that in the wild-type control. Heterologous expression of SqME increased the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll by 20.9%, 26.9%, and 25.2%, respectively, compared with the control. The transgenic tobacco leaves showed an increase of 54.0% in the fluorescence parameter NPQ and a decrease of 30.1% in Fo compared with the control. Moreover, the biomass, total lipids, and soluble sugars in the transgenic tobacco leaves enhanced by 20.5%, 25.7%, and 9.5%, respectively. On the contrary, the starch and protein content in the transgenic tobacco leaves decreased by 22.4% and 12.2%, respectively. Collectively, the SqME-encoded protein exhibited a strong enzymatic activity. Heterologous expressing of SqME could significantly enhance photosynthetic protection, photosynthesis, and biomass accumulation in the host. Additionally, SqME can facilitate carbon metabolism remodeling in the host, driving more carbon flux towards lipid synthesis. Therefore, SqME can be applied in the genetic improvement of higher plants for enhancing photosynthetic carbon fixation and lipid accumulation. These findings provide scientific references for mining of functional genes from S. quadricauda and application of these genes in the genetic engineering of higher plants.
Nicotiana/genetics* ; Photosynthesis/physiology* ; Malate Dehydrogenase/biosynthesis* ; Plant Leaves/genetics* ; Scenedesmus/enzymology* ; Carbon Cycle/genetics* ; Lipid Metabolism/genetics* ; Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolism*

Objective To explore the international research hotspots and trends in remote ischemic conditioning(RIC).Methods The literature on RIC research from January 1,2000 to December 12,2024 in the core collection of Web of Science database were retrieved.Microsoft Excel,CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used for bibliometric and visual analysis of the retrieved literature,including the number of literature published per year,countries,institutions,journals,authors,cited references,keywords and burst keywords.Results(1)The relevant literature on RIC from January 1,2000 to December 12,2024 was published in 456 journals by 6 688 authors from 1 597 institutions in 59 countries,and 32 064 citations from 3 860 journals were cited.The number of RIC relevant literature published in the past decade was high,and the number of literature published in 2017 was the highest,with 145 papers.(2)The country with the largest number of publications was China(448 papers),followed by the United States(240 papers).The institution with the largest number of publications was Capital Medical University of China(103 papers),followed by Aarhus University in Denmark(63 papers).The top three journals that published relevant literature were Plos One(37 papers),Basic Research in Cardiology(32 papers)and Journal of Surgical Research(26 papers).The top three authors who published relevant literature were Ji Xunming(60 papers),Heusch G(30 papers)and Ren Changhong(29 papers).(3)The most cited article among cited references was Preconditioning with ischemia:a delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium(414 times).The total number of co-citation journals was 3 860 and the most frequent co-citation journal was Circulation(3 933 times).(4)A total of 4 089 keywords were extracted,and the top three keywords were"reperfusion injury""remote ischemic preconditioning"and"cardioprotection".The top three strength of burst keywords were"remote ischemic conditioning""ischemic stroke"and"thrombolysis".In the past five years,the burst keywords with high strength were"thrombolysis""international clinical recommendations""safety""ischemic stroke""recovery"and"efficacy".Conclusions In the past decade,RIC related literature has maintained a high number of publications.There is close cooperation among countries,institutions and scholars.Capital Medical University of China plays an important role in international RIC related research.RIC related research mainly focuses on the mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion protection,cardioprotection and ischemic stroke.The clinical application,efficacy and safety of RIC in ischemic stroke have become trends and hotspots in international RIC researches.

Objective To investigate the effect of ginsenoside Re on angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-induced proliferation,migration,and phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)by regulating the Ras homologous gene family member A(RhoA)/mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway.Methods MOVAS cells were divided into control group,Ang Ⅱ group,ginsenoside Re low dose group,ginsenoside Re medium dose group,ginsenoside Re high dose group,andginsenoside Re high dose+RhoA activator(U46619)group.MOVAS cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8.MOVAS cell migration was detected by scratch assay.Immunocytochemistry was used to detect the positive expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and osteopontin(OPN)proteins in MOVAS cells.qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of PCNA,MMP-9,and MMP-2 in MOVAS cells.Western blot was used to detect RhoA,phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2(p-ERK1/2),phosphorylated stress activated protein kinase 1(p-JNK1),and p-P38 protein in MOVAS cells.Results Compared with the control group,the OD450 value,scratch healing rate,OPN protein positive expression,PCNA,MMP-9,MMP-2 mRNA expression,RhoA,p-ERK1/2,p-JNK1,p-P38 protein expression of MOVAS cells in the Ang II group increased,while the positive expression of α-SMA protein decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the Ang Ⅱ group,the OD450 value,scratch healing rate,OPN protein positive expression,PCNA,MMP-9,MMP-2 mRNA expression,and RhoA,p-ERK1/2,p-JNK1,and p-P38 proteins of MOVAS cells in the low,medium,and high dose groups of ginsenoside Re decreased,while the positive expression of α-SMA protein increased.The trend was most significant in the high dose group of ginsenoside Re(P<0.05).Compared with ginsenoside Re high-dose group,OD450 value,scratch healing rate,OPN protein positive expression,PCNA,MMP-9,MMP-2 mRNA expression and RhoA,p-ERK1/2,p-JNK1,p-P38 protein in ginsenoside Re high-dose+U46619 group increased,the positive expression of α-SMA protein decreased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion Ginsenoside Re may inhibit the proliferation,migration,and phenotype transformation of Ang Ⅱ in MOVAS cells by suppressing the RhoA/MAPK pathway.