Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a naturally occurring, low-toxicity, and hydrophilic bile acid (BA) in the human body that is converted by intestinal flora using primary BA. Solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) functions to uptake extracellular cystine in exchange for glutamate, and is highly expressed in a variety of human cancers. Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) refers to liposarcoma originating from the retroperitoneal area. Lipidomics analysis revealed that UDCA was one of the most significantly downregulated metabolites in sera of RLPS patients compared with healthy subjects. The augmentation of UDCA concentration (≥25 μg/mL) demonstrated a suppressive effect on the proliferation of liposarcoma cells. [¹⁵N₂]-cystine and [¹³C₅]-glutamine isotope tracing revealed that UDCA impairs cystine uptake and glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Mechanistically, UDCA binds to the cystine transporter SLC7A11 to inhibit cystine uptake and impair GSH de novo synthesis, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial oxidative damage. Furthermore, UDCA can promote the anti-cancer effects of ferroptosis inducers (Erastin, RSL3), the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) inhibitors (Nutlin 3a, RG7112), cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) inhibitor (Abemaciclib), and glutaminase inhibitor (CB839). Together, UDCA functions as a cystine exchange factor that binds to SLC7A11 for antitumor activity, and SLC7A11 is not only a new transporter for BA but also a clinically applicable target for UDCA. More importantly, in combination with other antitumor chemotherapy or physiotherapy treatments, UDCA may provide effective and promising treatment strategies for RLPS or other types of tumors in a ROS-dependent manner.

"The Expert Group on Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Tumor Ablation Committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and The Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology" have organized multidisciplinary experts to formulate the consensus for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The expert consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practices for thermal ablation of GGN. The main contents include: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN, (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN and (3) future development directions.
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Objective To investigate the effects of a novel standardized training program on the satisfaction and training quality of general practitioners (GPs). Methods 114 GPs trained in Wuxi People's Hospital between 2009 and 2013 were included, 52 GPs and 62 GPs were trained before and after the reform respectively. The measures of teaching reform included improvements in curriculum provision, theory teaching, learning modality and skills training. The evaluation indexes of satisfaction questionnaire and examination were confirmed by literature method and small-group discussion. Self-report satisfaction ques-tionnaire were distributed to graduate GPs and valid questionnaires were collected, while the results of entrance examination and graduation examination of GPs were recorded before and after the teaching reform. The research data were analyzed by chi-square test using SPSS 16.0 software. Results The basic characteristics of GPs and results of entrance examination before and after the teaching reform were compa-rable (P>0.05), however, GPs' satisfaction with curriculum, theoretical education, study form and skill training were increased significantly after teaching reform (P<0.05). Besides that,the results of graduation examination of GPs after the teaching reform, both the theory and skill examination, were improved signifi-cantly (P<0.05). Conclusion The study showed that GPs satisfaction with training modality and the results of graduation examination were improved greatly through our innovative teaching reform.