ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Toxoplasma gondii infection on copper metabolism in the kidneys of mice. MethodsA total of 80 7-8-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into four groups of 20 mice in each group after one week of adaptation， including Control group， Cu group， TgCtwh6 group and Cu+TgCtwh6 group. Mice that were not infected and fed with normal diet and water were used as the Control group； Mice fed with 1 g/kg of copper chloride processing diet and 0.1% copper chloride water for 60 consecutive days were used as Cu group； Mice infected with 25-30 TgCtwh6 cysts （one of the predominant genotype Chinese 1 in China） fed with normal diet and water were used as the TgCtwh6 group； mice infected with 25-30 TgCtwh6 cysts and fed with a processed diet containing 1 g/kg of copper chloride and water with 0.1% copper chloride for 60 consecutive days were used as the Cu+TgCtwh6 group. ICP-MS was used to determine the changes in copper content in kidney tissues. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes of mouse kidney tissue. The number of apoptotic cells was observed by PI staining. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4） and superoxide dismutase （SOD1， SOD2）. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of cuproptosis-related genes. ResultsPathological manifestations such as inflammatory cell infiltration in the Cu group and TgCtwh6 group were seen under the microscope， and the inflammatory infiltrating cells of the renal interstitial were reduced in the Cu+TgCtwh6 group， and the pathological manifestations

Objective To enhance the standardization of surgical operations,shorten the learning curve,and reduce surgical complications by summarizing common errors and proposing solutions for beginners during pre-study of cavity construction in non-inflatable axillary approach laparoscopic thyroid surgery.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 210 patients who underwent noninflatable axillary approach luminal thyroid surgery at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery,Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital,between January 2022 and June 2023.Among them,150 patients were luminalized by the practitioners in the practice group,while 60 patients were luminalized by the practitioners in the skilled group.The occurrence of nine common errors during cavity construction,such as supraclavicular nerve injury and scapulohumeral muscle injury,was assessed and compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistically significant difference in age,gender,tumor diameter,tumor location or pathology type between the two groups(P＞0.05).The staff in the practice group had a significant difference in supraclavicular cutaneous nerve injury(19.33％vs.3.33％),scapulohumeral muscle injury or disarticulation(16.00％vs.0),anterior cervical band of free excess(24.00％vs.3.33％),pectoralis major muscle and supraclavicular fascia injury(16.00％vs.5.00％),external jugular vein and genuine branch injury(8.00％vs.0),excessive freeing of the sternoclavicular joint(7.33％vs.0),and incorrect entry of the sternocleidomastoid muscle gap(8.67％vs.0)were significantly higher in incidence than the employees in the skilled group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between employees in the practice group and those in the skilled group in terms of injury to the internal jugular vein and its geniculate branches(4.00％vs.0),and incorrect entry of the anterior cervical strap muscles into the hierarchy(2.00％vs.0)(P＞0.05).Conclusion The incidence of damage to the surrounding tissue was significantly higher in the novice group than in the expert group during endoscopic thyroid surgery for space construction.A solid anatomical foundation and proficient endoscopic surgical technique serve as fundamental prerequisites for achieving a successful space system construction.By summarizing common challenges and providing corresponding solutions encountered during endoscopic thyroid surgery,this study further enhances and refines the learning system for total endoscopic thyroid procedures.

Objective:To investigate the expression of nucleoporin 43 (NUP43) in hepato-cellular carcinoma tissues and its impact on prognosis of patients and proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Methods:The retrospective cohort study and experi-mental study were conducted. The clinicopathological data of 102 hepatocellular carcinoma patients who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2008 to December 2012 were collected. There were 83 males and 19 females, aged 56(range, 19-87)years. The expression of NUP43 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 hepatocellular carcinoma cells were cultured in vitro. The Western blot was used to verify the effects of Flag-NUP43 overexpression plasmid in transfected cells. The CCK-8 and cell migration experiments were used to analyze the effect of NUP43 overexpression on HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 hepa-tocellular carcinoma cells. Measurement data of normal distribution were expressed as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Measurement data of skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were expressed as absolute numbers, and comparisons between groups was conducted using the paired chi-square test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival time, and Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. The R 4.2.1 software was used to draw survival curves. The COX proportional hazards regre-ssion model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Results:(1) Expression of NUP43 in hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent tissues, and analysis of clinicopathological characteristics of patients with high and low expression of NUP43. Results of immunohistochemical staining showed that NUP43 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm and nuclear membrane of cells. Of 102 hepatocellular carcinoma tissue samples, there were 49 samples with low expression of NUP43 and 53 samples with high expression of NUP43. Of 102 hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent tissue samples, there were 80 samples with low expression of NUP43 and 22 samples with high expression of NUP43. There was a significant difference in the expression of NUP43 between hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent tissues ( χ2=16.505, P<0.05). Of 102 hepatocellular carcinoma tissue samples, there were significant differences in tumor diameter, pathological grading, and intrahepatic metastasis between the patients with low expression of NUP43 and the patients with high expression of NUP43 ( χ2=5.104, 23.217, 4.169, P<0.05). (2) Survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients and prognostic factors analysis. The follow-up time of 102 hepatocellular carcinoma patients was 17.9(range, 0.1-107.9)months. The postoperative 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 79.59%, 53.06% and 34.69% for the patients with low expression of NUP43, versus 52.83%, 18.87%, and 9.43% for the patients with high expre-ssion of NUP43, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=27.071, P<0.05). Results of multi-variate analysis showed that gender, NUP43 expression, TNM staging, and pathological grading were independent influencing factors for postoperative survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ( hazard ratio=1.846, 2.206, 2.040, 2.177, 95% confidence interval as 1.231-2.768, 1.419-3.429, 1.322-3.148, 1.377-3.254, P<0.05). (3) Effects of NUP43 overexpression on the proliferation and migration of HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Western blot analysis showed that transfection of Flag-NUP43 overexpression plasmid significantly increased the expression of NUP43 in HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 cells. Results of CCK-8 experiment showed that after transfection with the control plasmid and Flag-NUP43 overexpression plasmid, the cell proliferation indices of HepG2 were 0.79±0.07 and 1.47±0.05, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( t=19.402, P<0.05). After transfection with the control plasmid and Flag-NUP43 overexpression plasmid, the cell proliferation indices of SK-HEP-1 cells were 0.59±0.05 and 0.95±0.05, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( t=15.753, P<0.05). Results of cell migration experiments showed that after transfection with the control plasmid and Flag-NUP43 overexpression plasmid, the number of cell migrations in HepG2 was 188±8 and 595±13, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( t=46.192, P<0.05). After transfection with the control plasmid and Flag-NUP43 overexpre-ssion plasmid, the number of cell migrations in SK-HEP-1 cells were 136±10 and 447±20, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( t=24.721, P<0.05). Conclusions:The expression of NUP43 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues is significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues. Gender, NUP43 expression, TNM staging, and pathological grading are independent influen-cing factors for postoperative survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Overexpression of NUP43 can significantly promote the proliferation and migration of HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Objective:To investigate the expression of nucleoporin 43 (NUP43) in hepato-cellular carcinoma tissues and its impact on prognosis of patients and proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Methods:The retrospective cohort study and experi-mental study were conducted. The clinicopathological data of 102 hepatocellular carcinoma patients who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2008 to December 2012 were collected. There were 83 males and 19 females, aged 56(range, 19-87)years. The expression of NUP43 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 hepatocellular carcinoma cells were cultured in vitro. The Western blot was used to verify the effects of Flag-NUP43 overexpression plasmid in transfected cells. The CCK-8 and cell migration experiments were used to analyze the effect of NUP43 overexpression on HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 hepa-tocellular carcinoma cells. Measurement data of normal distribution were expressed as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Measurement data of skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were expressed as absolute numbers, and comparisons between groups was conducted using the paired chi-square test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival time, and Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. The R 4.2.1 software was used to draw survival curves. The COX proportional hazards regre-ssion model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Results:(1) Expression of NUP43 in hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent tissues, and analysis of clinicopathological characteristics of patients with high and low expression of NUP43. Results of immunohistochemical staining showed that NUP43 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm and nuclear membrane of cells. Of 102 hepatocellular carcinoma tissue samples, there were 49 samples with low expression of NUP43 and 53 samples with high expression of NUP43. Of 102 hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent tissue samples, there were 80 samples with low expression of NUP43 and 22 samples with high expression of NUP43. There was a significant difference in the expression of NUP43 between hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent tissues ( χ2=16.505, P<0.05). Of 102 hepatocellular carcinoma tissue samples, there were significant differences in tumor diameter, pathological grading, and intrahepatic metastasis between the patients with low expression of NUP43 and the patients with high expression of NUP43 ( χ2=5.104, 23.217, 4.169, P<0.05). (2) Survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients and prognostic factors analysis. The follow-up time of 102 hepatocellular carcinoma patients was 17.9(range, 0.1-107.9)months. The postoperative 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 79.59%, 53.06% and 34.69% for the patients with low expression of NUP43, versus 52.83%, 18.87%, and 9.43% for the patients with high expre-ssion of NUP43, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=27.071, P<0.05). Results of multi-variate analysis showed that gender, NUP43 expression, TNM staging, and pathological grading were independent influencing factors for postoperative survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ( hazard ratio=1.846, 2.206, 2.040, 2.177, 95% confidence interval as 1.231-2.768, 1.419-3.429, 1.322-3.148, 1.377-3.254, P<0.05). (3) Effects of NUP43 overexpression on the proliferation and migration of HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Western blot analysis showed that transfection of Flag-NUP43 overexpression plasmid significantly increased the expression of NUP43 in HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 cells. Results of CCK-8 experiment showed that after transfection with the control plasmid and Flag-NUP43 overexpression plasmid, the cell proliferation indices of HepG2 were 0.79±0.07 and 1.47±0.05, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( t=19.402, P<0.05). After transfection with the control plasmid and Flag-NUP43 overexpression plasmid, the cell proliferation indices of SK-HEP-1 cells were 0.59±0.05 and 0.95±0.05, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( t=15.753, P<0.05). Results of cell migration experiments showed that after transfection with the control plasmid and Flag-NUP43 overexpression plasmid, the number of cell migrations in HepG2 was 188±8 and 595±13, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( t=46.192, P<0.05). After transfection with the control plasmid and Flag-NUP43 overexpre-ssion plasmid, the number of cell migrations in SK-HEP-1 cells were 136±10 and 447±20, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( t=24.721, P<0.05). Conclusions:The expression of NUP43 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues is significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues. Gender, NUP43 expression, TNM staging, and pathological grading are independent influen-cing factors for postoperative survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Overexpression of NUP43 can significantly promote the proliferation and migration of HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Soft tissue defects resulting from head and neck tumor resection seriously impact the physical appearance and psychological well-being of patients. The complex curvature of the human head and neck poses a formidable challenge for maxillofacial surgeons to achieve precise aesthetic and functional restoration after surgery. To this end, a normal head and neck volunteer was selected as the subject of investigation. Employing Gaussian curvature analysis, combined with mechanical constraints and principal curvature analysis methods of soft tissue clinical treatment, a precise developable/non-developable area partition map of the head and neck surface was obtained, and a non-developable surface was constructed. Subsequently, a digital design method was proposed for the repair of head and neck soft tissue defects, and an in vitro simulated surgery experiment was conducted. Clinical verification was performed on a patient with tonsil tumor, and the results demonstrated that digital technology-designed flaps improved the accuracy and aesthetic outcome of head and neck soft tissue defect repair surgery. This study validates the feasibility of digital precision repair technology for soft tissue defects after head and neck tumor resection, which effectively assists surgeons in achieving precise flap transplantation reconstruction and improves patients' postoperative satisfaction.
Humans ; Plastic Surgery Procedures ; Surgical Flaps/surgery* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery* ; Head/surgery* ; Neck/surgery*

Objective: To improve the N biomarker in the amyloid/taueurodegeneration system by radiomics and study its value for predicting cognitive progression in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Materials and Methods: A group of 147 healthy controls (HCs) (72 male; mean age ± standard deviation, 73.7 ± 6.3 years), 197 patients with MCI (114 male; 72.2 ± 7.1 years), and 128 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (74 male; 73.7 ± 8.4 years) were included. Optimal A, T, and N biomarkers for discriminating HC and AD were selected using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. A radiomics model containing comprehensive information of the whole cerebral cortex and deep nuclei was established to create a new N biomarker. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers were evaluated to determine the optimal A or T biomarkers. All MCI patients were followed up until AD conversion or for at least 60 months. The predictive value of A, T, and the radiomics-based N biomarker for cognitive progression of MCI to AD were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and the log-rank test. Results: The radiomics-based N biomarker showed an ROC curve area of 0.998 for discriminating between AD and HC. CSF Aβ42 and p-tau proteins were identified as the optimal A and T biomarkers, respectively. For MCI patients on the Alzheimer’s continuum, isolated A+ was an indicator of cognitive stability, while abnormalities of T and N, separately or simultaneously, indicated a high risk of progression. For MCI patients with suspected non-Alzheimer’s disease pathophysiology, isolated T+ indicated cognitive stability, while the appearance of the radiomics-based N+ indicated a high risk of progression to AD. Conclusion We proposed a new radiomics-based improved N biomarker that could help identify patients with MCI who are at a higher risk for cognitive progression. In addition, we clarified the value of a single A/T/N biomarker for predicting the cognitive progression of MCI.

Objective To report the spontaneous remission and induced remission of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)-associated idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) in adults,as well as to explore the potential prognostic factors.Methods A total of 120 patients with IMN in Huashan Hospital during 2012 and 2017 were enrolled and their clinical data were collected.Results PLA2R-associated IMN patients accounted for 89.2％ of the IMN patients.Spontaneous remission occurred in 35.5％ of PLA2R-associated IMN patients.The patients with higher serum albumin and lower level of PLA2R antibody were more likely to achieve spontaneous remission (both P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male was an independent risk factor for spontaneous remission in PLA2R-associated IMN patients (OR=0.060,95％CI 0.007-0.493,P=0.009),while higher serum albumin at baseline (OR=1.480,95％ CI 1.144-1.932,P=0.004) and the improvement of serum albumin after 3 months' non-immunosuppressive treatment (OR=2.040,95％CI 1.322-3.151,P=0.001) were independent protective factors for spontaneous remission.About 42.1％ PLA2R-associated IMN patients had received immunosuppressive therapy,with induced remission rate being 70.7％.High serum albumin before treatment was an independent protective factor for induced remission (OR=1.268,95％ CI 1.014-1.585,P=0.038).Conclusions PLA2R-associated IMN accounts for most of the IMN patients,with a spontaneous remission rate of 35.5％,during the follow-up period,which is even higher in patients with higher baseline serum albumin and lower PLA2R antibody titer.Induced remission rate is 70.7％ in patients in need of immunosuppresants.The serum albumin level may be helpful in predicting spontaneous remission and response to immunosuppressive therapy.

The academic origin of homogeny of spleen and pancreas is explained from the aspect of Chinese medicine.The authors think spleen faihng to spread essence is the basic pathogenesis to diabetes mellitus.Spleen function of spreading essence is impaired.Thus essence of water and grain could not be spread in the whole body but amass sugar-turbidity,which manifests high blood sugar.Differentiating diabetes mellitus from the viewpoint of spleen,invigorating spleen and benefiting Qi could help spleen to ascend clear.Invigorating spleen-yin and clearing endogenous heat are used.The liver and kidney should be considered.The methods of dissipating phlegm and activating blood circulation could be combined.The treating idea of treating spleen is treating pancreas should be used in preventing and treating diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To investigate the effect of icariin (ICA) on the bisphenol A (BPA)-enhanced proliferation function of thyroid carcinoma cell B-CPAP and underlying mechanism. Methods: The proliferation of Gastric B-CPAP cell line was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). Apoptosis and ROS expression in B-CPAP cells were detected by flow cytometry. The expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in B-CPAP cells were measured by individual assay kits. The expressions of Bcl-2 and γ-HA2X were detected by Western blot. SPSS 18.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: B-CPAP cell activity was promoted by treatment with 3×10^-7mol/L BPA for 48 h, with significant difference in absorbance between BPA and control groups (1.089±0.053 vs 0.935±0.010, P<0.05). The cell activities of BPA+ ICA₂₅, BPA+ ICA₅₀, BPA+ ICA₁₀₀ and BPA+ ICA₂₀₀ groups was 0.780±0.036, 1.007±0.050, 0.958±0.033 and 0.625±0.064, respectively (all P<0.01). The proliferation of B-CPAP cells treated with BPA for 72 hours showed a similar trend to 48 hours. There was no significant difference between all treatment groups in 24 hours. The apoptosis rate was (19.272±0.186)% in BPA-treated cells, and was (22.412±0.238)% in control cells (P<0.05). The apoptosis rates of BPA+ ICA₅₀ and BPA+ ICA₂₀₀ groups were (23.688±0.412)% and (30.270±0.696)%, respectively (P<0.01). The intracellular accumulation of ROS in BPA, BPA+ ICA₅₀, and BPA+ ICA₂₀₀ groups were 806±21, 1 772±37, 2 041±16, respectively (P<0.01). The expressions of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in control, BPA, BPA+ ICA₅₀, BPA+ ICA₂₀₀ groups were 7 120±151, 9 801±286, 5 902±171 and 4 203±216, respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion BPA can promote the proliferation of thyroid carcinoma B-CPAP cells and decrease the apoptosis of cells, and this effect can be inhibited by ICA. The possible mechanism is to induce high expression of intracellular ROS and inhibit the expression of antioxidase system, leading to cell oxidative damage, thereby inducing apoptosis.