Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide and in Mongolia. Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are two major etiological factors contributing to the rising burden of HCC, each presenting distinct clinical and pathological characteristics. Aim: To compare the clinical, pathological, and survival characteristics of patients with ALD-related HCC and MASH-related HCC who underwent liver resection. Material and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using clinical and pathological data from 980 patients who underwent liver resection between 2010 and 2024. Among them, 191 were categorized into the ALD group and 789 into the MASH group. Clinical parameters, laboratory findings, tumor pathology (size, grade, fibrosis stage, vascular invasion), recurrence, and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. A simulated Kaplan–Meier survival curve was generated based on group-level survival estimates. Results: Patients with ALD were significantly younger and predominantly male compared with those in the MASH group (p=0.0014; p<0.0001). The MASH group demonstrated more aggressive pathological features, including larger tumors (>5 cm), poorer differentiation (G3–4), advanced T4 stage, and a higher rate of large-vessel invasion (all p<0.05). Despite these findings, the MASH group showed a longer mean overall survival (92.6 months) than the ALD group (82.0 months; p=0.0206). Conclusion Although MASH exhibits more aggressive pathological features compared with ALD, patients in the MASH group demonstrated better overall survival. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating etiological differences into the diagnostic, therapeutic, and postoperative management strategies for HCC.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the 6th most common cancer inthe world, but the first most commoncause of cancer death in Mongolia. Thereis no universally accepted consensuspractice guidelines for HCC owing to rapiddevelopments in new treatment modalities,the heterogeneous epidemiology and clinicalpresentation of HCC worldwide.Methods and Materials: This study wasconducted in the department of generalsurgery of Second Central Hospital ofMongolia between 2015 and 2016 on a totalof 36 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Results: The average of operationtime is a 132.2 min, the hospital stay 18.2days. Postoperative bleeding was 2.7% (1),encephalopathy 5.4% (2), wound infection5.4% (2), and incisional hernia 8.1% (3).There were not bile leak during 30 dayspostoperative day.Conclusion: Postoperative complicationis a comparable to different researcher.There were no death within first month.

Introduction: In 1899, William S.Halsted of The Johns Hopkins Hospitaldescribed a transduodenal local ampullaryresection with reanastomosis of thepancreatic and bile ducts to the duodenumin a patient presenting with obstructivejaundice.During the 1940s and 1950s,pancreaticoduodenectomy was performedin limited numbers with variable results. Atthat time, the operation carried a hospitalmortality that approached 25% in someseries, leading some authorities to abandonthe procedure. In the last several decades,improved hospital morbidity, mortality, andsurvival after pancreaticoduodenectomy havebeen reported. Many centers now reportoperative mortalities of less than 4% [1].Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the 4th leadingcause of cancer death in the United States.The National Cancer Institute estimated thatthere were 43,140 new cases of pancreaticcancer in the United States in 2010 andthat pancreatic cancer was responsible for36,800 deaths [2].In Mongolia pancreaticcancer is uncommon disease and pancreaticadenocarcinomas incidence in Mongolia100’000 : 2,4; therefore 85% cases arediagnosed in unresectable stage [3].Materials and methods: Weretrospectively reviewed and calculated withstata13.0for patients(n96) who underwentresections (PD by Whipple operation) ofperiampullary (pancreatic, CBD and ampullaeVater) tumorsin HPBSD of Cancer CenterMongolia between 2008-2016.Results: This was retrospective chartreview of 96 patients treated withinthe Hepato Pancreatico Biliary SurgeryDepartment of Cancer Center Mongolia from2008 to 2016. Patient demographics andrelevant patient history including age, sex,date of birth, race, and co-morbidities weredocumented. Inpatient variables included thedate of procedure, complications, lengthof stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) andhospital, and disposition after discharge.At the time of the study total number ofHPBSD operations were 2963, thereforeall pancreatic and periampullary operations251(8,4%), Whipple operation 96 (3,2%)wasperformed. The operative and perioperativecharacteristics for patients who underwentpancreaticoduodenectomy n96(38.2%for all pancreatic and periampullaryoperations n251), 2008-n3(3,1%),2009- n7(7.2%), 2010-n13(13.5%);2011-n16(6.2%);2012-n10(10.2%);2013-n112(12.5%);2014-n19(19.8%);2015-n13(13.5%);2016-n13(13.5%); were meanage 54, sex ratio/m:f/ n47(49%):n49(51%),mean hospital stay 20, mean operationtime 434.5min, mean operative blood loss333ml. In the histological review werepancreatic adenocarcinoma 60%, ampullaeVater adenocarcinoma 20%, common bileduct adenocarcinoma 4.3%, benign or insitu tumours (IPMN, pancreatic adenoma,cystadenoma, and Frantz tumor(SPN) etc.)14%. The perioperative mortality(definedas death in hospital or within 30 daysof discharge) for patients undergoingpancreaticoduodenectomy wasn=6(6,2%)and perioperative morbidity or complicationrate was n=39(40,6%). At the time of ourstudy period complications were occurredwith DGE n4(4,1%) bleeding n3(3.1%),abdominal abscess n1(1%), gastric fistulen1(1%), stenosis of gastric anastomosisn1(1%), hypoglycemic coma n1(1%),pancreatic fistule n14(14,6%), perforation ofsmall intestine n1(1%), pneumonia n1(1%),ascites n1(1%) and post-op complicationsneeded secondary procedures : relaparotomyn=12(12,5%) .Only wound infection werethe most frequent complication15(15,6%) .Conclusion: Since 2009, in CancerCenter Mongolia, we are using new methodthat “mucosa to duct” modification forpancreatojejunostomy with protectionby decompress drain in Wirsung duct forpancreaticoduodenectomy is very beneficialmethod to decrease pancreatic fistulecomplication rate and it was a big stepto develop of pancreatic surgery field inMongolia. The our mean hospital stay(20days) after Whipple operation is not toolong with compare other countries (23-27)[2]. Until now, in Mongolia doesn’t have anycomplete studies about results of surgicaltreatment for pancreatic cancer and ourstudy needs completion, to improve and tocontinue.