Objective To observe the effects of asiaticoside on renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy(DN)rats by regulating the Hippo-yes-associated protein(YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif(TAZ)signaling pathway.Methods A DN rat model was established by feeding a high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ).The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into model group,low-and high-dose asiaticoside groups,and high-dose asiaticoside+XMU-MP-1(Hippo-YAP/TAZ pathway activator)group,with a normal group set as control.After group intervention,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine(SCr),fasting blood glucose(FBG),and 24-hour urinary protein levels were measured.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe renal histopathological changes,Masson staining was used to assess renal fibrosis,and Western Blot was used to detect the protein expressions of YAP and TAZ in renal tissue.Results Compared with the normal group,the model group showed disordered renal tissue structure,enlarged and irregular cystic cavities,enlarged renal tubules with thickened basement membranes,inflammatory cell infiltration,and significant collagen deposition in the glomeruli,renal tubules,and vascular walls.The levels of FBG,BUN,SCr,24-hour urinary protein,and the protein expressions of YAP and TAZ in renal tissue were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the low-and high-dose asiaticoside groups showed significant improvement in renal tissue damage and fibrosis,with reduced levels of FBG,BUN,SCr,24-hour urinary protein,and decreased protein expressions of YAP and TAZ in renal tissue(P＜0.05).Compared with the high-dose asiaticoside group,the high-dose asiaticoside+XMU-MP-1 group showed a reversal in all the above indicators.Conclusion Asiaticoside may alleviate renal fibrosis and improve renal injury in DN rats by inhibiting the Hippo-YAP/TAZ pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of epigallocatechin-3 -gallate (EGCG) on apoptosis of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) induced by acrylamide (ACR). METHODS: CGNs were cultured with the addition of 5 mmol/L ACR for 24 hours to set up a cell injury model. Prior to ACR treatment, CGNs were treated with different concentrations of EGCG (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 μmol/L) for 48 hours. Neuronal viability was measured with metylthiazdyltetrazolium (MTT). The activity of SOD and the content of MDA were assayed. Hoechst33342 staining was employed to observe morphological changes of the cell nucleus. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure expression of bcl- 2 mRNA and bax mRNA. RESULTS: At the concentrations of 10, 25 or 50 μmol/L, EGCG played a protective role against ACRinduced CGN injury. Compared with ACR injured group (no EGCG), EGCG improved the cell viability, enhanced SOD activity, decreased the level of MDA as well as the cell apoptosis ratio (P<0.05). Bcl-2 mRNA expression was increased and bax mRNA expression was reduced (P<0.05). 25 μmol/L EGCG had the largest effect. However, 100 μmol/L EGCG did not have a significantly protective effect. CONCLUSION EGCG at appropriate concentration has protective effect against the CGNs on apoptosis induced by ACR.
Acrylamide ; toxicity ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Catechin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebellum ; cytology ; drug effects ; Cytoplasmic Granules ; Female ; Male ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of linear alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) on the reproductive capacity and life-span of Drosophila melanogaster. METHODS: Drosophila melanogaster images within 8 h after eclosion were collected with ether anesthesia. The female and male of similar size and normal shape and behavior were selected. The Drosophila melanogasters were cultured in the culture medium containing LAS of different densities. We divided the Drosophila melanogaster into 4 groups according to LAS concentrations: a low dose group with LAS 150 mg/kg, a middle dose group with LAS 300 mg/kg,a high dose group with LAS 600 mg/kg, and a control group without LAS, respectively. The changes of the reproductive capacity, median lethal time, mean life-span and max mean life-span of drosophila melanogaster with different doses of LAS were measured and compared with those of the control. RESULTS: The pupa numbers of filial generation of Drosophila melanogaster in the low, middle, and high dose groups (85.07%, 84.59% and 71.88%, respectively) were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The median lethal time, mean life-span and max mean life-span of Drosophila melanogaster in the low, middle, and high dose groups were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). The change of life-span of Drosophila melanogaster in the high dose group was remarkable: the median lethal time of female and male shortened 13 days and 15 days, the mean life-span of female and male shortened 18 days and 14 days, and the max mean life-span of female and male shortened 14 days and 12 days, respectively. CONCLUSION LAS has definite toxicity to Drosophila melanogaster, which can degrade the reproductive capacity of Drosophila melanogaster and shorten the life-span of Drosophila melanogaster.
Alkanesulfonic Acids ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drosophila melanogaster ; physiology ; Female ; Life Expectancy ; Longevity ; Male ; Reproduction ; drug effects ; Surface-Active Agents ; pharmacology ; toxicity

Nowadays,family detergent has become necessary content in families,a great deal of detergent,specifically,chemical synthesis detergent is used and goes into water and pollutes the water and severely affects aquatic creatures.The active component of family detergent is linear alkylbenzenesulfonate(LAS).Recently,family detergent is emphasized for its toxicity and pollution.This paper summarized the status of toxicity and pollution of family detergent.

Objective To investigate the related factors effecting the genotoxicity and lipid peroxidation of organic ex-tracts from source water of Huaihe River and its tap water on mice.Methods XAD-II resin was used to absorb the organic chemical pollutants in source water and tap water.The mice were exposed to organic extracts through peritoneal injection continuously for5days.The micronucleus test,the sperm deformity test,the determination of the activities of SOD and GSH-Px and the concentrations of LPO in serum,liver and brain of mice were carried out.Results The fre-quncies of micronuclei and abnormal sperm of mice exposed to organic extracts at dosage of0.01ml/1g(bw)corre-sponding to100L/kg(bw)source water,finished water and tap water increased significantly compared with those of controls(P