Objective To analyze the characteristics of the crown-root ratios of the anterior teeth in subjects with different periodontal phenotypes in healthy population.Methods A total of 100 periodontally healthy young volunteers were selected,there were 53 females and 47 males,totaling 594 anterior teeth were included in the study.The periodontal probe method was used to determine the periodontal phenotypes of different tooth positions,with 108 cases of thick gingival type and 90 cases of thin gingival type in mesial incisors;95 teeth of thick gingival type and 103 teeth of thin gingival type in lateral incisors,and 98 teeth of thick gingival type and 100 teeth of thin gingival type in cuspids.Panoramic radiographs were taken,crown length and root length of upper anterior teeth were calculated,and crown-root ratio was calculated,to compare and analyze the differences between the results of the two groups.Results The crown-to-root ratio in thin gingival group of mesial incisors and lateral incisors were higher than those in thick gingival group,and the root length was smaller than thick gingival group.The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The keratinized gingival width of thin gingival group was less than that of thick gingival group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The relatively high crown-to-root ratio of mesial incisors and lateral incisors in patients with thin gingival phenotypes and the lesser width of keratinized gingiva in thin gingival phenotypes than thick gingival phenotypes.and risk assessment should be taken into account in the restorative system as well as in the orthodontic design of the anterior tooth movement.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of the crown-root ratios of the anterior teeth in subjects with different periodontal phenotypes in healthy population.Methods A total of 100 periodontally healthy young volunteers were selected,there were 53 females and 47 males,totaling 594 anterior teeth were included in the study.The periodontal probe method was used to determine the periodontal phenotypes of different tooth positions,with 108 cases of thick gingival type and 90 cases of thin gingival type in mesial incisors;95 teeth of thick gingival type and 103 teeth of thin gingival type in lateral incisors,and 98 teeth of thick gingival type and 100 teeth of thin gingival type in cuspids.Panoramic radiographs were taken,crown length and root length of upper anterior teeth were calculated,and crown-root ratio was calculated,to compare and analyze the differences between the results of the two groups.Results The crown-to-root ratio in thin gingival group of mesial incisors and lateral incisors were higher than those in thick gingival group,and the root length was smaller than thick gingival group.The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The keratinized gingival width of thin gingival group was less than that of thick gingival group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The relatively high crown-to-root ratio of mesial incisors and lateral incisors in patients with thin gingival phenotypes and the lesser width of keratinized gingiva in thin gingival phenotypes than thick gingival phenotypes.and risk assessment should be taken into account in the restorative system as well as in the orthodontic design of the anterior tooth movement.

Objective To explore the perception and evaluation of patients with somatic symptom disorder about their own diseases and treatment,and to provide theoretical basis for design of illness percep-tion questionnaire for patients with somatic symptoms disorder. Methods A semi-structured interview was conducted among 15 initial and untreated patients with somatic symptom disorder using the descriptive quali-tative study. The data were sorted,encoded,classified,summarized and refined using MAXQDA10 software. Results Three main themes and six sub-themes of illness perception in patients with somatic symptom dis-order were analyzed and sorted out:(1) symptom recognition:including three sub-themes,low understanding of the disease and denial of somatic symptoms as mental illness;(2)drug taking concerns:including two sub-themes worrying about side effects of drugs,drug addiction and having difficulty to stick to the long-term reg-ular medication;(3)emotional reaction:including the obvious negative emotions of depression and helpless-ness sub-theme. Conclusion Patients with somatic symptom disorder have a general bias in illness percep-tion,which has a potential adverse effect on treatment compliance. Therefore,it is necessary for clinical med-ical staff to early estimate patients’illness perception,and carry out mental health education and rational e-motional behavior therapy.

Objective: To explore the perception and evaluation of patients with somatic symptom disorder about their own diseases and treatment, and to provide theoretical basis for design of illness perception questionnaire for patients with somatic symptoms disorder. Methods: A semi-structured interview was conducted among 15 initial and untreated patients with somatic symptom disorder using the descriptive qualitative study. The data were sorted, encoded, classified, summarized and refined using MAXQDA10 software. Results: Three main themes and six sub-themes of illness perception in patients with somatic symptom disorder were analyzed and sorted out: (1) symptom recognition: including three sub-themes, low understanding of the disease and denial of somatic symptoms as mental illness; (2)drug taking concerns: including two sub-themes worrying about side effects of drugs, drug addiction and having difficulty to stick to the long-term regular medication; (3)emotional reaction: including the obvious negative emotions of depression and helplessness sub-theme. Conclusion Patients with somatic symptom disorder have a general bias in illness perception, which has a potential adverse effect on treatment compliance. Therefore, it is necessary for clinical medical staff to early estimate patients’illness perception, and carry out mental health education and rational emotional behavior therapy.

Objective To compare the molluscicidal effects between“Luo-wei”(TDS),a plant molluscicide in 4 percent, and metaldehyde and niclosamide(MNSC)in the field. Methods A natural ecological environment with Oncomelania hupensis was selected as the test area,the test concentrations of TDS and MNSC were 2.5 g/m3 and 2 ml/m3 respectively by the immersion method;the test doses of TDS and MNSC were 3 g/m2 and 2 ml/m2 respectively by the spray method;the doses of WPN in a control group were 2 g/m3 and 2 g/m2 respectively by the two methods above-mentioned. The molluscicidal effects between TDS and MNSC were compared by using the synchronous design method and parallel comparative method. Results In the TDS group,the death rate of snails was 90.70%by immersion for 24 hours,reached to 81.40%after spraying for 7 days,and there were no significant differences among the observation time points in molluscicidal effects(P>0.05). One day after the spraying,the death rate of snails was less in the TDS group compared with that in the MSCN group(P<0.01),but the death rates of snails were similar in both groups 3 days after the spraying(P>0.05). In the MSCN group,the death rate of snails was 99.17%by immersion for 24 hours,reached to 66.07% by spraying for 1 day. In the WPS group,the death rate of snails was 97.15% by immersion for 24 hours,reached to 71.43%after spraying for 1 day,and there were no significant differences(both P>0.05). Conclusion TDS has a good molluscicidal activity and stable efficacy,and the molluscicidal effect of TDS is similar to that of MSCN in the filed, but the molluscicidal sensitivity of TDS is lower than that of MSCN.

Background and purpose: Breast cancer is a group of heterogeneous diseases which has racial disparities. Our study was to elucidate the clinicopathologic features of breast carcinoma in Shanghai Han and Xinjiang Uygur women and to analyze the racial differences. Methods: In this study, 125 cases of breast invasive ductal carcinoma of Shanghai Han women and 85 cases of Xinjiang Uygur women were collected. The clinical stage was analyzed. Histological grading was observed. Immunohistochemical staining of ER, PR, HER-2, CK5/6, CK14, EGFR, Ki-67 was performed. Molecular subtypes were studied. Results:The average age of onset of breast cancer in Xinjiang Uygur women was younger than in Shanghai Han women (P<0.05), and Xinjiang Uygur women were more likely to be diagnosed at less than 35 years old (P<0.01). The proportion of stageⅠwas higher in Shanghai Han women (20.0%vs 8.2%), while the proportion of stageⅢwas higher in Xinjiang Uygur women (50.6%vs 27.2%) (P<0.01). The proportion of grade 2 was higher in Shanghai Han women (67.2% vs 43.5%), while the proportion of grade 3 was higher in Xinjiang Uygur women (47.1%vs 31.2%) (P<0.01). The proportion of luminal A subtype was higher in Shanghai Han women (36.8%vs 18.3%), while the proportion of basal-like subtype was higher in Xinjiang Uygur women (29.6%vs 12.0%) (P<0.01). The molecular subtype was associated with race and histological grade (P<0.05).Conclusion:There are racial differences in clinicopathologic features of breast carcinoma between Shanghai Han and Xinjiang Uygur women.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the sexual behaviors of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangzhou in 2010.

METHODSAnti-HIV antibody was detected in the volunteers undergoing HIV tests in the year 2010, and the differences in the sexual role, education, use of condom and complicated infection of syphilis were analyzed among these subjects.

RESULTSA total of 1526 MSM volunteered to participate in the investigation, among whom 87 (5.70%) were confirmed to have HIV infection. The positivity rate of HIV infection was 3.54%, 7.14% and 6.70% in subjects reporting active anal copulation, passive anal copulation, and both, respectively, showing a significant difference in respect of the sexual role (χ(2)=6.450, P=0.040). The positivity rate also differed significantly among married, unmarried and divorced subjects (9.45%, 4.92%, and 4.17%, respectively; χ(2)=7.184, P=0.028). The positivity rate was 21.31% among those with syphilis, significantly higher than the rate in those without syphilis (5.06%, χ(2)=25.770, P<0.001). Use of condom was not associated with a significant reduction of HIV positivity rate (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe high anti-HIV positivity rate among MSM in Guangzhou indicates a high risk of unsafe sexual behaviors, especially anal copulations. The anal copulation receivers, often young and have a lower rate of condom use, constitute a high-risk group of HIV transmission.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; HIV Antibodies ; blood ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission ; HIV Seropositivity ; epidemiology ; transmission ; Homosexuality, Male ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Sexual Behavior ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult