OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of warfarin anticoagulation therapy guided by gene test in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device （LVAD） implantation， and to analyze the influencing factors of warfarin anticoagulation efficacy. METHODS Patients who underwent LVAD implantation at the Heart and Vascular Center of Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital from January 2023 to October 2024 and required warfarin anticoagulant therapy were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into genetic testing group （n＝51） and empirical treatment group （n＝17） based on whether they underwent CYP2C9 and VKORC1 gene test. The gene test group was given warfarin based on the predicted dose calculated by gene test， while the empirical treatment group was given warfarin by clinical doctors based on international normalized ratio （INR） experience， all patients were given warfarin once a day. Follow-up observation was conducted for 6 months to compare the effectiveness [time in therapeutic range（TTR）， the time required to reach INR for the first time， the incidence of embolic events， the incidence of INR＜1.5 events] and safety （the incidence of major and minor bleeding events，the incidence of INR＞3.5 events） of warfarin treatment between two groups of patients. According to whether the patient’s TTR was ≥60%， they were divided into TTR≥60% group （n＝20） and TTR＜60% group （n＝48）. Univariate and multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis were used to determine the factors affecting the anticoagulant effect of warfarin in patients. RESULTS The TTR of patients in the gene test group was significantly higher than that in the empirical treatment group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of INR＜1.5 events in the gene test group was significantly lower than in the empirical treatment group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of minor bleeding events and INR＞3.5 events in the gene test group were lower than in the empirical treatment group， but the difference was not statistically significant （P＞0.05）. The results of multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis showed that gene test was an independent protective factor for warfarin anticoagulant therapy [odds ratio （OR）＝10.842， 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.211-27.037， P＝0.033]， and the combination of statins was an independent risk factor for warfarin anticoagulant therapy [OR＝0.196， 95%CI： 0.045-0.861， P＝0.031]. CONCLUSIONS Under the guidance of gene test， warfarin anticoagulation therapy for LVAD patients after implantation can improve TTR， shorten the anticoagulation target time， and has good safety； meanwhile， it should be noted that the combination of statins may enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin， thereby increasing the risk of bleeding in patients.

Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment. To date, differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties, which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects. On the basis of current research evidence, this expert consensus outlines risk factors, clinical manifestations, clinical grading, ancillary examinations, diagnostic basis, prevention and treatment strategies and efficacy indicators for OM. In addition to strategies such as basic oral care, anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents, anti-infective agents, pro-healing agents, and photobiotherapy recommended in previous guidelines, we also emphasize the role of traditional Chinese medicine in OM prevention and treatment. This expert consensus aims to provide references and guidance for dental physicians and oncologists in formulating strategies for OM prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, standardizing clinical practice, reducing OM occurrence, promoting healing, and improving the quality of life of patients.
Humans ; Chemoradiotherapy/adverse effects* ; Consensus ; Risk Factors ; Stomatitis/etiology*

Background and objective Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma(IMA)was a rare and specific type of lung adenocarcinoma,which was often characterized by fewer lymphatic metastases.Therefore,it was difficult to evaluate the prognosis of these tumors based on the existing tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)staging.So,this study aimed to develop Nomo-grams to predict outcomes of patients with pathologic N0 in resected IMA.Methods According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria,IMA patients with pathologic N0 in The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University(training cohort,n=78)and Ningbo No.2 Hospital(validation cohort,n=66)were reviewed between July 2012 and May 2017.The prognostic value of the clinicopathological features in the training cohort was analyzed and prognostic prediction models were established,and the performances of models were evaluated.Finally,the validation cohort data was put in for external validation.Results Univariate analysis showed that pneumonic type,larger tumor size,mixed mucinous/non-mucinous component,and higher overall stage were significant influence factors of 5-year progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS).Multivariate analysis further indicated that type of imaging,tumor size,mucinous component were the independent prognostic factors for poor 5-year PFS and OS.Moreover,the 5-year PFS and OS rates were 62.82％and 75.64％,respectively.In subgroups,the sur-vival analysis also showed that the pneumonic type and mixed mucinous/non-mucinous patients had significantly poorer 5-year PFS and OS compared with solitary type and pure mucinous patients,respectively.The C-index of Nomograms with 5-year PFS and OS were 0.815(95％CI:0.741-0.889)and 0.767(95％CI:0.669-0.865).The calibration curve and decision curve analysis(DCA)of both models showed good predictive performances in both cohorts.Conclusion The Nomograms based on clinicopathological characteristics in a certain extent,can be used as an effective prognostic tool for patients with pathologic N0 after IMA resection.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with end-stage heart failure who receive heart transplant under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support.Methods:The clinical data of 12 pediatric patients who received heart transplant with ECMO support in the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital and Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital, from January 2019 to December 2023 was collected. The data included sex, age, weight, diagnosis, pre-ECMO lactate level, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS), and preoperative ECMO running time. Surgical data included cold ischemia time of the donor heart, cardiopulmonary bypass time, intraoperative use of immunosuppressant, postoperative use of ECMO, duration of postoperative ECMO, rate of successful weaning from ECMO, and survival discharge rate. The paired t-test was performed to compare cardiac function indices before and after left ventricular decompression. Results:The 12 patients ranged in age from 1.1 to 15.8 years, and weighted from 8 to 63 kg. Ten children were diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy, one with myocardial underdensification, and one with a novel heterozygous mutation of the SCN5A gene causing overlap syndrome complicated by fatal arrhythmia. Before ECMO, the lactate ranged from 0.6 to>15.0 mmol/L, the LVEF from 6.5% to 43%, and VIS from 3 to 108. Four patients underwent left ventricular decompression supported by preoperative ECMO, and their pulse pressure was significantly increased after decompression ((17.8±2.1) vs. (9.8±1.5) mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, t=11.31, P=0.001), while there was no apparent change in LVEF ((26.8±4.4)% vs. (24.9±4.9)%, t=1.75, P=0.178). A total of 7 children received a second run of ECMO after surgery and 3 of them successfully weaned off ECMO and survived to discharge. In the entire cohort, 10 were successfully weaned from ECMO and 8 survived to discharge. Conclusions:For children with end-stage heart failure supported by ECMO, left ventricular decompression can significantly improve pulse pressure. These patients will eventually require heart transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of percutaneous liver puncture for local management of portal vein thrombosis(PVT).Methods Variations in thrombus,blood flow,and laboratory examination results were observed before and after percutaneous liver puncture in 197 patients with PVT,and the occurrence of comorbidities was recorded and followed up for one year after treatment.Results After treatment,the thrombus in the main portal vein vessels almostly disappeared in 119 patients(60.41％)with PVT,the thrombus had a significant reduction in 57 patients(28.93％),and the thrombus had a smaller change or an increase in 21 patients(10.66％);146 patients(74.11％)had smooth blood flow in the main portal vein vessels,29 patients(14.72％)showed significant improvement in blood flow,and 22 patients(11.17％)showed no significant improvement or worsening of blockage.The mean portal venous pressure was significantly lower than that before treatment(P＜0.001);thrombin time,activated partial thromboplastin time,and prothrombin time were prolonged compared to those before thrombolysis(P＜0.001),and fibrinogen were reduced compared to those before thrombolysis(P＜0.001).A total of 35 patients(17.77％)occured comorbidities during treatment.One year after treatment,196 patients(99.49％)with PVT survived,of which thrombus essentially disappeared in 141(71.94％),thrombus stabilized(or decreased)in 42(21.43％),and thrombus increased in 13(6.63％).Conclusion percutaneous liver puncture for local management of PVT is effective and reliable in the short-term and requires standardized management of the entire process.

【Objective】 To compare the effect of different combinations of filter membranes on the removal of IgA by component Ⅱ solution. 【Methods】 The dissolved solution of component Ⅱ was filtered with different combinations of filter membranes, and the turbidity, IgA residue, molecular size distribution and purity were compared. 【Results】 After filtering through the combination of NA-16+ Millpore 0.5μ, NA-16+ EmphazeTMAEX HP, and ZetaPlus™ + Emphaze™AEX HP filter membranes, the turbidity of the filtrate decreased by 35.5%(22.4/63.1), 39.2%(24.8/63.3) and 59.8%(37.4/62.5), the IgA residue decreased by 5.8%(14.77/253.70), 20.0%(50.90/254.00) and 44.3%(112.13/253.33), respectively.Molecular size distribution was 99.60%, 99.85% and 100%, and the purity was 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The combination of ZetaPlus™ + Emphaze™AEX HP filter membrane can not only effectively remove IgA in the dissolution solution of component Ⅱ with other quality indicators remaining high-level, which can be used in IVIG large-scale production process.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of the cannula under laparoscopy, percutaneous puncture cannula, and conventional surgery cannula for peritoneal dialysis.Methods:From May 3, 2015 to February 14, 2020, 87 patients with end-stage renal disease needing peritoneal dialysis in Ningbo Zhenhai People's Hospital were enrolled. These patients were divided into three groups including cannula under laparoscopy (23 cases), percutaneous puncture cannula (29 cases), and conventional surgery cannula (35 cases). The baseline characteristics, perioperative conditions (surgical time, post-surgical hospitalization time), the incidence of recent complications (abdominal hemorrhage, direct abdominal hemorrhage, incision pain, leakage, catheter shift, peritonitis), and long-term complications (catheter shift, peritonitis, hernia, thoracic and abdominal fistula, abdominal tube obstruction) among the three groups were compared.Results:Compared with the group of conventional surgery cannula, the operation time in the group of cannula under laparoscopy and the group of percutaneous puncture cannula were significantly shorter (minutes: 32.5±12.3, 28.9±11.8 vs. 61.3±15.4, both P < 0.05), the in-hospital stay in the group of cannula under laparoscopy and the group of percutaneous puncture cannula were reduced (days: 9.8±3.4, 9.2±2.6 vs. 10.7±3.2), but there was no statistical significance among the three groups ( P > 0.05). The incidence of abdominal bleeding, rectus abdominis bleeding, and incision pain in the group of cannula under laparoscopy and the group of percutaneous puncture cannula were significantly lower than those in the group of conventional surgery cannula [incidence of abdominal bleeding: 4.3% (1/23), 3.4% (1/29) vs. 22.9% (8/35), incidence of rectus abdominis bleeding: 4.3% (1/23), 3.4% (1/29) vs. 22.9% (8/35), incidence of incision pain: 8.7% (2/23), 10.3% (3/29) vs. 42.9% (15/35), all P < 0.01]. The difference between the group of cannula under laparoscopy and the group of percutaneous puncture cannula had no statistical significance. Compared with the group of conventional surgery cannula and the group of percutaneous puncture cannula, the incidence of catheter displacement in the group of cannula under laparoscopy was significantly reduced [4.3% (1/23) vs. 27.6% (8/29), 31.4% (11/35), both P < 0.05]. Compared with the group of conventional surgery cannula and the group of percutaneous puncture cannula, the incidence of catheter displacement in long-term complications in the group of cannula under laparoscopy was significantly reduced [4.3% (1/23) vs. 24.1% (7/29), 31.4% (11/35), both P < 0.05], however, the difference of that between the group of conventional surgery cannula and the group of percutaneous puncture cannula was not statistically significant. The incidence of hernia in the group of cannula under laparoscopy was significantly higher than that in the group of percutaneous puncture cannula or in the group of conventional surgery cannula [21.7% (5/23) vs. 3.4% (1/29), 2.8% (1/35), both P < 0.05], and all of that were umbilical hernia, however, the difference of that between the group of percutaneous puncture cannula and the group of conventional surgery cannula was not statistically significant. Conclusion:Compared with the traditional conventional surgical cannula placement methods, percutaneous puncture has the advantages of simple operation, short operation time, small trauma, but still cannot reduce the incidence of drift tube; laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis tube has the advantages of short operation time, small trauma and low catheter displacement rate, but increases the risk of umbilical hernia.

Objective:To study the non-target metabolomics analysis and to analyze the metabolomic changesof cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with tuberculous meningitis.Methods:Case-control study. From July 2018 to July 2019, 20 cerebrospinal fluid specimens of diagnosed patients with tuberculous meningitis were collectedin the department of neurology from the first medical center of the PLA general hospital and the eighth medical center of the PLA general hospital and 20 CSF without tuberculous meningitis as the control. Among them, there were 12 males and 8 femalesin the tuberculous meningitis group, aged (37.9±16.1) years; there were 13 males and 7 femalesin the control group, aged (34.7±14.8) years. Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) technology with three different mode, namely reverse phase chromatography positive ion mode, reverse phase chromatography negative ion mode and hydrophilic chromatography positive ion mode,to detectthe metabolic fingerprints of patients′CSF and analyzed by SIMCA software for orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The variable importance projection value of OPLS-DA model (threshold value>1) plus the P value of t-test (P<0.05) was applied to find the differential metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid of the two groups of patients.Results:Ten differential metabolites were found in CSF, including L-isoleucine, L-phenylalanine, L-kynurenine, L-methionine, L-tyrosine acid, dimethylglycine, L-alanine, L-threonine, L-histidine and L-lysine, and all of them were up-regulated in the tuberculous meningitis group.Conclusion:Changesof the amino acid metabolism found in the cerebrospinal fluid of tuberculous meningitis patients can provide basis for differential diagnosis and basic molecular research of tuberculous meningitis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of ergonomic factor load on work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) in shipyard workers. METHODS: A total of 751 shipyard workers were selected as the research subjects using judgment sampling method. The exposure level of adverse ergonomic factors was assessed using the Quick Exposure Check method. The prevalence of WMSDs was investigated using the revised Musculoskeletal Disorders Investigating Questionnaire of our research group, and the relationship between them was analyzed. RESULTS: The proportions of high or very high level of work load exposure to the neck, back, shoulder and hand in shipyard workers from high to low were 66.4%, 63.5%, 59.8% and 43.7%(P<0.01) respectively. The proportions of occupational stress, driving, vibration and working rhythm at high or very high exposure level were 20.0%, 4.1%, 22.9% and 3.2%, respectively. The prevalence of WMSDs in four body parts of shipyard workers from high to low was the back, neck, hand and shoulder(the prevalence were 44.2%, 31.2%, 26.9% and 26.6%, respectively, P<0.01). After excluding the influence of confounding factors, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the labor load exposure level and longer of the vibration tool using, the higher the risk of shoulder WMSDs [odds ratio(OR) and 95% confidence interval(CI) were 1.25(1.04-1.51) and 1.33(1.05-1.69), respectively, P<0.05]. The higher the level of occupational stress, the higher the risk of back and neck WMSDs [OR(95%CI) was 1.29(1.05-1.58) and 1.42(1.15-1.77), respectively, P<0.05]. CONCLUSION: There was a dose-effect relationship between the exposure level of shoulder load, the time of using vibration tools and the shoulder WMSDs, and there was a dose-effect relationship between the occupational stress level and the WMSDs in the back and neck.