Acute lung injury (ALI) has been a kind of acute and severe disease that is mainly characterized by systemic uncontrolled inflammatory response to the production of huge amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the lung tissue. Given the critical role of ROS in ALI, a Fe₃O₄ loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanocluster (BF) was developed to act as a nanomedicine for the treatment of ALI. Combining with NIR irradiation, it exhibited excellent ROS scavenging capacity. Significantly, it also displayed the excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions for lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced macrophages (RAW264.7), and Sprague Dawley rats via lowering intracellular ROS levels, reducing inflammatory factors expression levels, inducing macrophage M2 polarization, inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, increasing CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cell ratios, as well as upregulating HSP70 and CD31 expression levels to reprogram redox homeostasis, reduce systemic inflammation, activate immunoregulation, and accelerate lung tissue repair, finally achieving the synergistic enhancement of ALI immunotherapy. It finally provides an effective therapeutic strategy of BF + NIR for the management of inflammation related diseases.

Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of sulodexide on renal fibrosis induced by prolonged warm ischemia. Methods An in vivo ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) model was established in rats, which were randomly divided into Sham group, IRI 60 min group (IRI group), and IRI 60 min + sulodexide group (IRI+SDX group), with 20 rats in each group. Pathological examination was used to evaluate renal tissue injury and fibrosis levels in each group. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression levels of kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, von Willebrand factor (vWF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), and type I collagen (COL-1). Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect CD31 expression. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to measure the expression of KIM-1, ICAM-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in renal tissues. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the structure of the renal glycocalyx. Evans blue dye was injected to assess renal vascular permeability. Rat survival was recorded, and serum levels of syndecan (SDC)-1, heparan sulfate (HS) and serum creatinine were measured. An ex vivo perfusion model was also established, with rats randomly assigned to either the hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) group or the HOPE+SDX group (five rats per group). Perfusion parameters were recorded after 2 hours of ex vivo perfusion. Results One day after reperfusion, compared with the Sham group, the IRI group exhibited more severe renal tissue injury, higher tubular injury scores, increased expression of KIM-1, ICAM-1 and vWF, decreased CD31 expression, elevated serum levels of SDC-1 and HS, increased vascular permeability, and higher expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Compared with the IRI group, the IRI+SDX group showed reduced renal tissue injury, lower tubular injury scores, decreased expression of KIM-1, ICAM-1 and vWF, increased CD31 expression, lower serum levels of SDC-1 and HS, decreased vascular permeability, and reduced expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 (all P < 0.05). Ten days after reperfusion, renal tissue injury was further alleviated in the IRI+SDX group. Twenty-five days after reperfusion, the IRI+SDX group exhibited decreased expression of TGF-β, α-SMA, and COL-1, as well as reduced collagen deposition area (all P < 0.05). Compared with the HOPE group, the HOPE+SDX group showed increased renal perfusion flow and decreased intrarenal vascular resistance (both P < 0.01). Conclusions Sulodexide may alleviates renal IRI and fibrosis caused by prolonged warm ischemia by inhibiting inflammatory responses and protecting vascular endothelial glycocalyx.

Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Duhuo Jisheng Decoction on type Ⅱ collagen emulsion induced arthritis (CIA) model rats from the perspective of M1/M2 macrophage balance mediated development of rheumatoid arthritis.Methods:SD rats were divided into a normal group of 8 and a model group of 32. The CIA model was established using collagen antibody induction method for modeling. The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into model group, methotrexate group, and Duhuo Jisheng Decoction medium- and high-dosage groups using a random number table method, with 8 rats in each group. Duhuo Jisheng Decoction medium- and high-dosage groups were orally administered with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction at dosages of 13.5 and 27.0 g/kg, once a day; methotrexate group received oral administration of 2.0 mg/kg methotrexate twice a week; normal group and model group were given equal volumes of physiological saline by gavage once a day for 28 consecutive days. The general condition of each group of rats was observed, the degree of swelling in the right knee joint was measured, and the arthritis index was scored; HE was used to observe pathological changes in synovial tissue; immunofluorescence was used to detect the expressions of markers CD86 and CD206 in synovial macrophages; Real time PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, and TGF-β in synovial tissue.Results:Duhuo Jisheng Decoction could significantly improve the mental state of the rats and reduced the swelling of the knee joints and the arthritis index ( P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the cartilage structure in the knees of rats in the Duhuo Jisheng Decoction group was more intact and clearer. The expression level of the M1 macrophage marker CD86 significantly decreased, and the expression level of the M2 macrophage marker CD206 significantly increased; the mRNA expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α in the knee joint synovial tissue were significantly reduced ( P<0.05), while IL-10 and TGF-β levels significantly increased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Duhuo Jisheng Decoction may promote macrophage polarization towards M2 type, thereby achieving M1/M2 macrophage balance, alleviating inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis rats, and exerting therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective:To analyze the consistency between MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 in measuring preoperative ocular biometric parameters in patients with age-related cataracts.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.A total of 536 patients (536 eyes) were consecutively included and scheduled for cataract extraction combined with intraocular lens implantation at Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University from June 20 to August 22, 2024.Two visualized sweep-frequency biometers, MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700, were used to measure the biometric parameters of all the patients.The parameters including axial length (AL), white to white (WTW), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), central corneal thickness (CCT), and mean keratometry (Km). The AL detection rates of the two instruments were compared, as were the differences in above parameters, and the correlation and consistency of the measurements were analyzed.Patients were divided into three groups based on AL measured by MT-9000: a short axis group (AL<22 mm) comprising 27 eyes, a normal axis group (22≤AL≤25 mm) comprising 392 eyes, and a long axis group (AL>25 mm) comprising 104 eyes.The differences in measured AL in different subgroups were compared.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Aier Eye Hospital, Wuhan University (No.2024IRB06017). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:The AL detection rate measured by MT-9000 was 99.3% (532/536), higher than 97.6% (523/536) measured by IOLMaster 700, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=4.841, P=0.028). MT-9000 AL, LT and Km measurements were all higher than IOLMaster 700 measurements, showing statistically significant differences ( Z=6.418, t=4.971, 5.179; all P<0.001). WTW and CCT measurements from MT-9000 were both lower than those from IOLMaster 700, showing statistically significant differences ( Z=-3.017, t=16.322; both P<0.05). After grouping based on AL measurements from MT-9000, there was no statistically significant differences in AL measurements between MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 in the short axis group and the normal axis group ( Z=-1.530, P=0.126; t=-0.880, P=0.380). In the long axis group, the AL measured by MT-9000 was longer than that by IOLMaster 700, with a statistically significant difference ( Z=7.254, P<0.001). The intra-class correlation coefficient values of AL, WTW, ACD, LT, CCT, and Km measured by MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 were 1.000, 0.616, 0.997, 0.999, 0.988, and 0.995 (all P<0.001), respectively.The 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of AL, WTW, ACD, LT, CCT, and Km measured by Bland-Altman analysis were -0.06-+ 0.08 mm, -0.64-+ 0.57 mm, -0.06-+ 0.06 mm, -0.04-+ 0.05 mm, -13.6-+ 6.3 μm and -0.26-+ 0.32 D, respectively, which had 6.5%, 3.6%, 5.3%, 6.3%, 6.5% and 4.4% of the data points outside the 95% LoA. Conclusions:MT-9000 shows favorable agreement with IOLMaster 700 in the measurement of AL, ACD, LT, CCT and Km.MT-9000 is suitable for preoperative biometrics measurement in cataract patients.However, the agreement between the two devices is not desirable in the measurement of WTW, and interchangeable use of these two devices is not recommended in this regard.Additionally, MT-9000 outperforms IOLMaster 700 in terms of AL detection rate.

Objective:To analyze the consistency between MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 in measuring preoperative ocular biometric parameters in patients with age-related cataracts.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.A total of 536 patients (536 eyes) were consecutively included and scheduled for cataract extraction combined with intraocular lens implantation at Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University from June 20 to August 22, 2024.Two visualized sweep-frequency biometers, MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700, were used to measure the biometric parameters of all the patients.The parameters including axial length (AL), white to white (WTW), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), central corneal thickness (CCT), and mean keratometry (Km). The AL detection rates of the two instruments were compared, as were the differences in above parameters, and the correlation and consistency of the measurements were analyzed.Patients were divided into three groups based on AL measured by MT-9000: a short axis group (AL<22 mm) comprising 27 eyes, a normal axis group (22≤AL≤25 mm) comprising 392 eyes, and a long axis group (AL>25 mm) comprising 104 eyes.The differences in measured AL in different subgroups were compared.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Aier Eye Hospital, Wuhan University (No.2024IRB06017). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:The AL detection rate measured by MT-9000 was 99.3% (532/536), higher than 97.6% (523/536) measured by IOLMaster 700, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=4.841, P=0.028). MT-9000 AL, LT and Km measurements were all higher than IOLMaster 700 measurements, showing statistically significant differences ( Z=6.418, t=4.971, 5.179; all P<0.001). WTW and CCT measurements from MT-9000 were both lower than those from IOLMaster 700, showing statistically significant differences ( Z=-3.017, t=16.322; both P<0.05). After grouping based on AL measurements from MT-9000, there was no statistically significant differences in AL measurements between MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 in the short axis group and the normal axis group ( Z=-1.530, P=0.126; t=-0.880, P=0.380). In the long axis group, the AL measured by MT-9000 was longer than that by IOLMaster 700, with a statistically significant difference ( Z=7.254, P<0.001). The intra-class correlation coefficient values of AL, WTW, ACD, LT, CCT, and Km measured by MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 were 1.000, 0.616, 0.997, 0.999, 0.988, and 0.995 (all P<0.001), respectively.The 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of AL, WTW, ACD, LT, CCT, and Km measured by Bland-Altman analysis were -0.06-+ 0.08 mm, -0.64-+ 0.57 mm, -0.06-+ 0.06 mm, -0.04-+ 0.05 mm, -13.6-+ 6.3 μm and -0.26-+ 0.32 D, respectively, which had 6.5%, 3.6%, 5.3%, 6.3%, 6.5% and 4.4% of the data points outside the 95% LoA. Conclusions:MT-9000 shows favorable agreement with IOLMaster 700 in the measurement of AL, ACD, LT, CCT and Km.MT-9000 is suitable for preoperative biometrics measurement in cataract patients.However, the agreement between the two devices is not desirable in the measurement of WTW, and interchangeable use of these two devices is not recommended in this regard.Additionally, MT-9000 outperforms IOLMaster 700 in terms of AL detection rate.

Objective To analyze the perioperative outcomes of cardiac valve surgery in patients with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods The perioperative clinical data of patients receiving heart valve replacement in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from November 2022 to February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether the patients were infected with SARS-CoV-2, they were divided into a non-infected group and an asymptomatic group. The perioperative data of the patients were compared between the two groups, and the effect of asymptomatic infection on the result of heart valve replacement surgery was analyzed. Results A total of 66 patients were enrolled including 36 males and 30 females with a mean age of 58.0±11.1 years. There were 51 patients in the non-infected group and 15 patients in the asymtomatic group. There were 2 patients of mitral valve replacement, 20 patients of aortic valve replacement, 1 patient of double valve replacement, 3 patients of aortic valve replacement with tricuspid valvoplasty, 22 patients of mitral valve replacement and tricuspid valvoplasty, 18 patients of double valve replacement and tricuspid valvoplasty. Asymptomatic infected patients received more emergency surgery than uninfected patients (26.7% vs. 0.0%, P<0.01). There was no statistical difference in the duration of extracorporeal circulation, aortic occlusion, mechanical ventilation time after the surgery, ICU stay, postoperative drainage volume, or postoperative complications between the two groups. Conclusion Perioperative results of cardiac valve surgery in patients with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and non-infection are almost the same.

Objective To study the effect of MT-1207 on blood glucose,blood lipids and atherosclerosis in mice.Methods The apolipoprotein E knockout(ApoE-/-)mice were fed with normal feed,drug feed containing losartan and drug feed containing MT-1207 at a dosage of 30 mg/kg.The body weight,blood glucose and blood lipids were detected,and the plaque area of atherosclerotic was evaluated.8-week-old male C57 mice were fed a high fat diet and given intragastric administration of MT-1207 and losartan at a dose of 30 mg/kg per day.The body weight,blood glucose and lipids levels were also examined to further evaluate the effects of MT-1207 on blood glucose and lipids levels.Results ApoE-/-mice treated with MT-1207 and losartan gained weight faster.There was no significant improvement in blood glucose and lipid levels,and no significant change in atherosclerotic plaque area.MT-1207 and losartan had no significant improvement effect on blood glucose and blood lipids of C57 mice.Conclusion MT-1207 and losartan couldn't improve the levels of blood glucose,blood lipids and atherosclerosis,and couldn't aggravate atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility and early effectiveness of computer-simulated osteotomy based on the health-side combined with guide plate technique in the treatment of cubitus varus deformity in adolescents. METHODS: The clinical data of 23 patients with cubitus varus deformity who met the selection criteria between June 2019 and February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 17 males and 6 females, ranging in age from 4 to 16 years with an average of 8.5 years. The time from injury to operation was 1-4 years. The angle of distal humerus rotation was defined by humeral head posterior inclination angle using low radiation dose CT to scan the patient's upper extremity data at one time, and the preoperative rotation of the distal humerus on the affected side was (33.82±4.39)°. The CT plain scan data were imported into 9yuan3D digital orthopaedic system (V3.34 software) to reconstruct three-dimensional images of both upper extremities. The simulated operation was performed with the healthy upper extremity as the reference, the best osteotomy scheme was planned, overlapped and compared, and the osteotomy guide plate was prepared. The patients were followed up regularly after operation, and the formation of callus in the osteotomy area was observed by X-ray examination. Before and after operation, the carrying angle of both upper extremities (the angle of cubitus valgus was positive, and the angle of cubitus varus was negative) and anteversion angle were measured on X-ray and CT images. At the same time, the flexion and extension range of motion of elbow joint and the external rotation range of motion of upper extremity were measured, and Mayo score was used to evaluate the function of elbow joint. RESULTS: The operation time ranged from 34 to 46 minutes, with an average of 39 minutes. All patients were followed up 5-26 months, with a mean of 14.9 months. All the incisions healed by first intention after the operation; 2 patients had nail path irritation symptoms after Kirschner wire fixation, which improved after dressing change; no complication such as breakage and loosening of internal fixators occurred after regular X-ray review. Continuous callus formed at the osteotomy end at 4 weeks after operation, and the osteotomy end healed at 8-12 weeks after operation. At last follow-up, the carrying angle, anteversion angle, external rotation range of motion, and extension and flexion range of motion of the elbow joint of the affected side significantly improved when compared with preoperative ones ( P<0.05). Except for the extension range of motion of the healthy elbow joint ( P<0.05), there was no significant difference in other indicators between the two sides ( P>0.05). At last follow-up, the Mayo elbow score was 85-100, with an average of 99.3; 22 cases were excellent, 1 case was good, and the excellent and good rate was 100%. CONCLUSION Computer-simulated osteotomy based on health-side combined with guide plate technique for treating cubitus varus deformity in adolescents can achieve precise osteotomy, which has the advantages of short operation time and easy operation, and the short-term effectiveness is satisfactory.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Elbow ; Humeral Fractures/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Joint Deformities, Acquired/surgery* ; Elbow Joint/surgery* ; Limb Deformities, Congenital ; Osteotomy/methods* ; Humeral Head ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Computers ; Treatment Outcome

The injury of vascular endothelial cell function is the beginning of the pathological process of atherosclerosis. Mitochondrial oxidative stress is closely related to vascular endothelial cell function, which causes the dysfunction of vascular endothelial cell by inducing mitophagy, reducing nitric oxide production, inflammation, cellular metabolic imbalance and apoptosis. Meanwhile, vascular endothelial cell could also maintain their homeostasis by regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress. The molecular signaling pathways of the vascular endothelial cell injury caused by mitochondrial oxidative stress in the pathological process of atherosclerosis were outlined in this review, which provided reference for further research on the molecular mechanism between mitochondrial oxidative stress and endothelial damage.

Objective To investigate the effect of intestinal Metrnl on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model and the regulation mechanism of intestinal microbiota. Methods Different concentrations of DSS (3% DSS and 1% DSS) were used to induce ulcerative colitis on C57 mice to determine the experimental conditions. Intestinal epithelial Metrnl specific knockout mice (Metrnl^(-/-)) and its control mice (Metrnl^(+/+)) were administrated with 3% DSS for 5 d. Then the survival time, body weight, DAI (disease activity index), colon length and pathological changes in colon tissues were observed. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to detect the composition of intestinal microbiota. Results Compared with 1% DSS, 3% DSS could significantly aggravate ulcerative colitis on C57 mice, such as lower survival rate (P<0.05), more weight loss (P<0.05), higher DAI score (P<0.05), shorter colon length (P<0.05) and higher pathology score (P<0.05). After administrated to 3% DSS for 5 d, comparing with Metrnl^(+/+) mice, Metrnl^(-/-) mice showed more weight loss (P<0.05), higher DAI score (P<0.05), shorter colon length (P<0.05) and higher pathology score (P<0.05). The 16S ribosomal RNA results showed that the diversity of intestinal microbiota in Metrnl^(-/-) mice significantly decreased. Furthermore, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria significantly decreased, while Firmicutes increased. Conclusion Metrnl could protect the DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse through regulating intestinal microbiota.